| Journal Articles: 372 results |
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Designing and Conducting a Purification Scheme as an Organic Chemistry Laboratory Practical Kate J. Graham, Brian J. Johnson, T. Nicholas Jones, Edward J. McIntee, and Chris P. Schaller
Describes an open-ended laboratory practical that challenges students to evaluate when different purification techniques are appropriate.
Graham, Kate J.; Johnson, Brian J.; Jones, T. Nicholas; McIntee, Edward J.; Schaller, Chris P. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1644.
IR Spectroscopy |
Microscale Lab |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Physical Properties |
Separation Science
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Study of Molecular-Shape Selectivity of Zeolites by Gas Chromatography Pei-Yu Chao, Yao-Yuan Chuang, Grace Hsiuying Ho, Shiow-Huey Chuang, Tseng-Chang Tsai, Chi-Young Lee, Shang-Tien Tsai, and Jun-Fu Huang
This analytical or physical chemistry sorption experiment uses hexane isomers as probe molecules to demonstrate the "molecular-shape selectivity" behavior of zeolites. Students can also modify the sorption protocol to build their own experiments.
Chao, Pei-Yu; Chuang, Yao-Yuan; Ho, Grace Hsiuying; Chuang, Shiow-Huey; Tsai, Tseng-Chang; Lee, Chi-Young; Tsai, Shang-Tien; Huang, Jun-Fu. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1558.
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Constitutional Isomers |
Gas Chromatography |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Separation Science |
Solid State Chemistry |
Molecular Recognition
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A Non-Mercury Thermometer Alternative for Use in Older Melting Point Apparatuses Lois K. Ongley, Clayton S. Kern, and Barry W. Woods
This work demonstrates that lab-calibrated thermocouples are a statistically accurate and economically reasonable substitute for mercury thermometers to measure the melting point temperature for organic compounds in older Mel-Temp devices.
Ongley, Lois K.; Kern, Clayton S.; Woods, Barry W. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1263.
Calibration |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
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Construction of a Polyaniline Nanofiber Gas Sensor Shabnam Virji, Bruce H. Weiller, Jiaxing Huang, Richard Blair, Heather Shepherd, Tanya Faltens, Philip C. Haussmann, Richard B. Kaner, and Sarah H. Tolbert
The objectives of this lab are to synthesize different diameter polyaniline nanofibers and compare them as sensor materials. Its advantages include simplicity and low cost, making it suitable for both high school and college students, particularly in departments with modest means.
Virji, Shabnam; Weiller, Bruce H.; Huang, Jiaxing; Blair, Richard; Shepherd, Heather; Faltens, Tanya; Haussmann, Philip C.; Kaner, Richard B.; Tolbert, Sarah H. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1102.
Acids / Bases |
Aromatic Compounds |
Conductivity |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Oxidation State |
pH |
Polymerization |
Synthesis
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Using Molecular Dynamics Simulation To Reinforce Student Understanding of Intermolecular Forces Phillip R. Burkholder, Gordon H. Purser, and Renee S. Cole
This article presents a series of experiments incorporating molecular dynamics simulations which predict the motion of chemical species based on the application of empirical rules and a physical analysis of the forces that act between the species. These motions can then be shown in vivid graphical form.
Burkholder, Phillip R.; Purser, Gordon H.; Cole, Renee S. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1071.
Computational Chemistry |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Molecular Mechanics / Dynamics |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents
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Easy-To-Make Cryophoruses Rubin Battino and Trevor M. Letcher
This article describes some simple and easy-to-make cryophoruses, ideal for demonstrating evaporative cooling to students at all levels.
Battino, Rubin; Letcher, Trevor M. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 561.
Lipids |
Physical Properties |
Thermodynamics |
Liquids
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Diamagnetic Corrections and Pascal's Constants Gordon A. Bain and John F. Berry
This article presents an explanation for the origin of diamagnetic correction factors, comprehensive tables of diamagnetic constants and their application to calculate diamagnetic susceptibility, and a simple method for estimating the correct order of magnitude for the diamagnetic correction for any given compound.
Bain, Gordon A.; Berry, John F. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 532.
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Magnetic Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Transition Elements
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Ring-Opening Polymerization of Lactide To Form a Biodegradable Polymer Jennifer L. Robert and Katherine B. Aubrecht
In this laboratory, students carry out the tin(II) bis(2-ethylhexanoate)/benzyl alcohol mediated ring-opening polymerization of lactide to form the biodegradable polymer polylactide. As the mechanism of the polymerization is analogous to that of a transesterification reaction, the experiment can be used to demonstrate reactions of carboxylic acid derivatives.
Robert, Jennifer L.; Aubrecht, Katherine B. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 258.
Esters |
Green Chemistry |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Polymerization |
Stereochemistry
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Dancing Crystals: A Dramatic Illustration of Intermolecular Forces Donald W. Mundell
Crystals of naphthalene form on the surface of an acetone solution and dance about in an animated fashion illustrating surface tension, crystallization, and intermolecular forces. Additional experiments reveal the properties of the solution and previous demonstrations of surface motion are explored.
Mundell, Donald W. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1773.
Aromatic Compounds |
Liquids |
Molecular Mechanics / Dynamics |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Surface Science |
Noncovalent Interactions
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Determination of the Rotational Barrier for Kinetically Stable Conformational Isomers via NMR and 2D TLC Gregory T. Rushton, William G. Burns, Judi M. Lavin, Yong S. Chong, Perry Pellechia, and Ken D. Shimizu
After the synthesis of a N,N'-diaryl naphthalene diimide, students estimate the rotational barrier about a CarylNimidesingle bond by studying the reequilibration of the two resulting isomers using two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography, followed by a more accurate determination through a 1H NMR time study.
Rushton, Gregory T.; Burns, William G.; Lavin, Judi M.; Chong, Yong S.; Pellechia, Perry; Shimizu, Ken D. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1499.
Alcohols |
Chromatography |
Conformational Analysis |
Equilibrium |
Kinetics |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Physical Properties |
Rate Law |
Thin Layer Chromatography
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Which Method Is Most Precise; Which Is Most Accurate? A. D. Jordan
The main objective of this experiment, which involves determining the density of a liquid by several methods, is to familiarize students with the concepts of precision and accuracy using data that can be acquired easily with a variety of apparatus and analyzed by simple statistics and a linear regression.
Jordan, A. D. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1459.
Liquids |
Physical Properties |
Quantitative Analysis
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The Quartz-Crystal Microbalance in an Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment Vladimir Tsionsky
Describes a typical student experiment on the determination of the viscosity of liquids using a quartz-crystal microbalance.
Tsionsky, Vladimir. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1337.
Alcohols |
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Liquids |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents
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Enthalpy of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures: An Inexpensive Apparatus Rubin Battino, David A. Dolson, Michael R. Hall, and Trevor M. Letcher
Describes an inexpensive apparatus for the determination of the vapor pressure of a liquid as a function of temperature for the purpose of calculating enthalpy changes of vaporization. Also described are a simple air thermostat and an inexpensive temperature controller based on an integrated temperature sensor.
Battino, Rubin; Dolson, David A.; Hall, Michael R.; Letcher, Trevor M. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 822.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Lipids |
Phenols |
Physical Properties |
Thermodynamics |
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
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Self-Motion Depending on the Physicochemical Properties of Esters as the Driving Force Satoshi Nakata, Kyoko Matsuo, and Junko Kirisaka
An investigation of the self-motion of various ester boats was revealed that velocity and the duration of the motion decreased with an increase in the number of carbon atoms in the esters of acetic acid, characteristics that were subsequently reproduced by a computer simulation.
Nakata, Satoshi; Matsuo, Kyoko; Kirisaka, Junko. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 704.
Colloids |
Molecular Mechanics / Dynamics |
Physical Properties |
Surface Science |
Water / Water Chemistry
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Hydrophilic Inorganic Macro-Ions in Solution: Unprecedented Self-Assembly Emerging from Historical "Blue Waters" Tianbo Liu, Ekkehard Diemann, and Achim Müller
The behavior of supramolecular structures in solution is different from that of simple ions, polymers, surfactant micelles, and colloids. New research involving polyoxometalates, which are fully hydrophilic but tend to self-associate into macro-ionic structures, may change our understanding of inorganic ionic solutions.
Liu, Tianbo; Diemann, Ekkehard; Müller, Achim. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 526.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Colloids |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Solutions / Solvents |
Spectroscopy |
Lasers |
Physical Properties
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Cp/Cv Ratios Measured by the Sound Velocity Method Using Calculator-Based Laboratory Technology Mario Branca and Isabella Soletta
The values ? = Cp /Cv (heat capacity at a constant pressure / heat capacity at constant volume) for air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon, and carbon dioxide were determined by measuring the velocity of sound through these gases at room temperature using Calculator-Based Laboratory Technology.
Branca, Mario; Soletta, Isabella. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 462.
Gases |
Thermodynamics |
Physical Properties
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Characterization of High Explosives and Other Energetic Compounds by Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling John A. Bumpus, Anne Lewis, Corey Stotts, and Christopher J. Cramer
Four experiments suitable for use in the undergraduate instructional laboratory demonstrate the use of computational chemistry and molecular-modeling procedures to calculate selected physical and chemical properties of several high explosives and other energetic compounds.
Bumpus, John A.; Lewis, Anne; Stotts, Corey; Cramer, Christopher J. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 329.
Computational Chemistry |
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Teaching Structure–Property Relationships: Investigating Molecular Structure and Boiling Point Peter M. Murphy
The boiling points for 392 organic compounds are tabulated by carbon chain length and functional group to facilitate a wide range of inquiry-based activities that correlate the effects of chemical structure on physical properties.
Murphy, Peter M. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 97.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
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A Developmental History of Polymer Mass Spectrometry Matthew J. Vergne, Robert P. Lattimer, and David M. Hercules
This review provides a historical perspective of the development of polymer mass spectrometry, divided into three eras: the small molecule era (1950s and 1960s); the macromass era (1970s and 1980s); and the modern era (the late 1980s to the present).
Vergne, Matthew J.; Lattimer, Robert P.; Hercules, David M. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 81.
Mass Spectrometry |
Materials Science |
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Instrumental Methods
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Popcorn—What's in the Bag? Marissa B. Sherman and Thomas A. Evans
Three independent activities explore microwave popcorn, the nature of the packaging, and the popcorn produced.
Sherman, Marissa B.; Evans, Thomas A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 416A.
Carbohydrates |
Nutrition |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents |
Water / Water Chemistry
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Refractive Index Determination of Transparent Polymers: Experimental Setup for Multi-Wavelength Determination and Calculation at Specific Frequencies Using Group Contribution Theory Jay Dlutowski, Andres M. Cardenas-Valencia, David Fries, and Larry Langebrake
A simple lab that clearly shows the dependence of light reflection on the angle of incidence for transparent polymers is described. Light transmission measurements are used to determine the reflection magnitude and the refractive index of the material.
Dlutowski, Jay; Cardenas-Valencia, Andres M.; Fries, David; Langebrake, Larry. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1867.
Physical Properties |
Polymerization |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
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Entropy and the Shelf Model: A Quantum Physical Approach to a Physical Property Arnd H. Jungermann
A quantum physical approach relying on energy quantization leads to three simple rules which are the key to understanding the physical property described by molar entropy values.
Jungermann, Arnd H. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1686.
Alcohols |
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Carboxylic Acids |
Covalent Bonding |
Ionic Bonding |
Physical Properties |
Quantum Chemistry |
Thermodynamics
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A Discovery-Learning 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazone Experiment Bruno M. Vittimberga and Ben Ruekberg
Selections of liquid aldehydes and ketones are proposed for students to determine what property is the best predictor of the color (yellow to red) of their 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative. Students may use a computer (spreadsheet or word processor) to analyze their results.
Vittimberga, Bruno M.; Ruekberg, Ben. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1661.
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Qualitative Analysis
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Density Visualization Richard L. Keiter, Whitney L. Puzey, and Erin A. Blitz
Metal rods of high purity for several elements can be used to construct a display in which their relative densities may be assessed visually.
Keiter, Richard L.; Puzey, Whitney L.; Blitz, Erin A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1629.
Metals |
Physical Properties |
X-ray Crystallography
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Molecular Handshake: Recognition through Weak Noncovalent Interactions Parvathi S. Murthy
This article traces the development of our thinking about molecular recognition through noncovalent interactions, highlights their salient features, and suggests ways for comprehensive education on this important concept.
Murthy, Parvathi S. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1010.
Applications of Chemistry |
Biosignaling |
Membranes |
Molecular Recognition |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Chromatography |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Polymerization |
Reactions
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The Amazingly Versatile Titanocene Derivatives Donald C. Bowman
Derivatives of titanocene are remarkably versatile in their chemical applications. This article presents a brief review of the derivatives' uses in the fields of polymers, medical oncology, and organic synthesis.
Bowman, Donald C. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 735.
Applications of Chemistry |
Catalysis |
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Organometallics |
Polymerization |
Synthesis
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Probing the Orbital Energy of an Electron in an Atom James L. Bills
This article answers an appeal for simple theoretical interpretations of atomic properties. A theoretical snapshot of an atom, showing the screened nuclear charge and the electron to be ionized at its radius of zero kinetic energy, enables anyone to approximate its ionization energy.
Bills, James L. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 473.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Main-Group Elements |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Physical Properties |
Quantum Chemistry |
Theoretical Chemistry
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Intelligent Thermochromic Windows Ivan P. Parkin and Troy D. Manning
This article covers the background and related science associated with a thermochromic window, a device that changes its reflectance and transmission properties at a specific critical temperature.
Parkin, Ivan P.; Manning, Troy D. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 393.
Materials Science |
Physical Properties |
Solid State Chemistry
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Teaching Chemistry Laboratory Skills in Industrial Contexts Julianne M. Braun and Carol White
A recently completed project has produced a compilation of 40 laboratory experiments presented within the contexts of five major industries. This article provides a summary of these experiments, along with a discussion of ancillary materials.
Braun, Julianne M.; White, Carol. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 353.
Applications of Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Metals |
Polymerization |
Water / Water Chemistry
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Vapor Pressure Measurements in a Closed System Mark Iannone
Describes an inexpensive apparatus for vapor pressure measurements in a closed system and the procedure for its use.
Iannone, Mark. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 97.
Gases |
Liquids |
Physical Properties |
Thermodynamics
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Further Analysis of Boiling Points of Small Molecules, CHwFxClyBrz Guy Beauchamp
Multiple linear regression analysis has proven useful in selecting predictor variables that could significantly clarify the boiling point variation of the CHwFxClyBrz molecules.
Beauchamp, Guy. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1842.
Chemometrics |
Physical Properties |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes
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A Green Polymerization of Aspartic Acid for the Undergraduate Organic Laboratory George D. Bennett
Based on a technology that won a Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award, this experiment involves the thermal polymerization of aspartic acid and subsequent hydrolysis to give sodium poly(aspartate). The procedure is suitable for introducing students to the important topic of polymers and for illustrating several of the principles of green chemistry.
Bennett, George D. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1380.
Green Chemistry |
Synthesis |
Industrial Chemistry |
Natural Products |
Polymerization |
Proteins / Peptides
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Thermal Degradation and Identification of Heat-Sensitive Polymers. Applications of Pyrolysis and Distillation and Instrumental Methods of Analysis Stuart C. Clough and Emma W. Goldman
An experiment for undergraduate teaching laboratories is described that involves the identification of samples of polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate). This involves the thermal degradation of the polymers (a destructive distillation) into their respective monomers. The monomers are then identified using infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and gas chromatographymass spectrometry.
Clough, Stuart C.; Goldman, Emma W. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1378.
Nonmajor Courses |
IR Spectroscopy |
Mass Spectrometry |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Polymerization
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An Engaging Illustration of the Physical Differences among Menthol Stereoisomers Edward M. Treadwell and T. Howard Black
The differences and similarities in the physical behavior of enantiomers and diastereomers can easily be demonstrated using the commercial stereoisomers (-)-menthol, (+)-menthol, (+)-isomenthol, and (+)-neomenthol. Thin-layer chromatography and melting point determinations clearly show that diastereomers have different physical properties from enantiomers and each other, but that enantiomers have identical physical properties in achiral environments. By obtaining a mixed melting point and optical rotations the difference in enantiomers can be observed.
Treadwell, Edward M.; Black, T. Howard. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1046.
Chirality / Optical Activity |
Stereochemistry |
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Diastereomers |
Enantiomers |
Physical Properties
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Chiral Crystallization of Ethylenediamine Sulfate Lawrence Koby, Jyothi B. Ningappa, Maria Dakessian, and Louis A. Cuccia
Optimized conditions for the chiral crystallization of ethylenediamine sulfate, which can serve as an ideal undergraduate experiment, are described. Large, flat, colorless crystals of ethylenediamine sulfate are obtained in an undisturbed evaporation dish within a period of approximately five to seven days. The crystals are ideal for polarimetry studies and observation using Polaroid sheets. Students become familiar with polarizing filters and how they can be used to distinguish between dextrorotatory and levorotatory crystals.
Koby, Lawrence; Ningappa, Jyothi B.; Dakessian, Maria; Cuccia, Louis A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1043.
Chirality / Optical Activity |
Crystals / Crystallography |
Stereochemistry |
Physical Properties
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Polymers (Oxford Chemistry Primers No. 85) (David Walton and J. Phillip Lorimer) John H. Shibata
Although the title suggests a broad, general coverage of polymers, in reality this book focuses primarily on synthesis and the macroscopic properties of polymers. A significant portion of the book emphasizes practical considerations of polymerscommercial aspects determined by the properties of polymers and the industrial processes for polymer synthesis and three-dimensional network formation. In many cases, specific polymer types and materials are described in detail. The concreteness of explicit examples to illustrate the principles of polymerization and the properties of networks and functional polymers are appropriate for readers seeking a practical introduction to polymers.
Shibata, John H. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 533.
Polymerization |
Synthesis
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Hands On Plastics Hal Harris and Mary Harris
Hands On Plastics is a project to encourage teaching about polymers and plastics, and has been generously supported by the American Plastics Council. The complete kit (which includes a CD with the video) is available to teachers for no charge (accessed Dec 2004).
Harris, Hal; Harris, Mary. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 209.
Physical Properties
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M&M Orange John W. Elder
Hands On Plastics is a project to encourage teaching about polymers and plastics, and has been generously supported by the American Plastics Council. The complete kit (which includes a CD with the video) is available to teachers for no charge (accessed Dec 2004).
Elder, John W. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 209.
Physical Properties
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Modern Projects in Organic Chemistry: Miniscale and Standard Taper Microscale, 2nd Edition (Jerry R. Mohrig, Christina Noring Hammond, Paul F. Schatz, and Terence C. Morrill) Richard Pagni
Modern Projects and Experiments in Organic Chemistry comes in two closely related versions, one for miniscale and standard taper microscale and the other for miniscale and Williamson microscale, in conjunction with the authors techniques in organic chemistry book.
Pagni, Richard. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 649.
Chromatography |
Gases |
IR Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Physical Properties |
Synthesis
|
N,N-Dimethylformamide Jay A. Young
The hazards of N,N-dimethylformamide are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 632.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Chloroacetic acid Jay A. Young
The hazards of chloroacetic acid are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 631.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Variability of the Cell Potential of a Given Chemical Reaction Ladislav H. Berka and Ilie Fishtik
It is demonstrated in this article that while the value of the free energy change for any chemical reaction is independent of path (a state function), the value of the standard cell potential of a reaction is dependent on the half-cell reactions used to carry out that reaction.
Berka, Ladislav H.; Fishtik, Ilie. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 584.
Electrochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Thermodynamics |
Physical Properties |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials
|
Calcium Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for calcium.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 479.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Silver Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for silver.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 478.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Aluminum Chloride Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for aluminum chloride.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 331.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Sodium Iodide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium iodide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 330.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Aluminum Sulfate 18 Hydrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for aluminum sulfate 18 hydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 187.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chlorine Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for chlorine.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 186.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Using a Disposable Pipet for Preparing Air-Sensitive Compounds for Melting Point Determinations or Storage Martial Sanz
An inexpensive disposable Pasteur pipet can be transformed into a capillary tube, which, once correctly coupled with a Quickfit adapter with a side arm by means of a rubber septum, can receive under a dried and inert atmosphere air-sensitive samples from a Schlenk-type vessel.
Sanz, Martial. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 106.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Stearic Acid Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for stearic acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 25.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Carboxylic Acids |
Acids / Bases |
Physical Properties
|
Triethanolamine Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for triethanolamine.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 24.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds |
Physical Properties |
Alcohols
|
Lead Acetate Trihydrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for lead acetate trihydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1374.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Mercury(II) Nitrate Monohydrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for mercury(I) nitrate monohydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1373.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Sodium Dichromate Dihydrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium dichromate dihydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1251.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1250.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Why Does a Helium-Filled Balloon "Rise"? Richard W. Ramette
The article is a lighthearted, conversational exploration of the microscopic basis for Archimedes principle. The principle is discussed in terms of molecular collisions and density gradients in a gravitational field.
Ramette, Richard W. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1149.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Physical Properties
|
Nitrogen, Liquid Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for liquid nitrogen.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1133.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Hydrogen Peroxide, 3% Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for 3% hydrogen peroxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1132.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
An Elementary Picture of Dielectric Spectroscopy in Solids: Physical Basis Mario F. García-Sánchez, Jean-Claude M'Peko, A. Rabdel Ruiz-Salvador, Froilan Fernández-Gutierrez, Geonel Rodríguez-Gattorno, Adolfo Delgado, and Yuri Echevarría
The principles of DS of solids are discussed starting from simple concepts. The physical basis is presented, emphasizing the meaning of the magnitudes and phenomena involved, including the microscopic aspects of the chemical nature of solids. The applications, advantages, and limitations of DS are also discussed. Some examples are given that provide a practical overview of the main ideas as well as to show the usefulness of the technique.
García-Sánchez, Mario F.;M'Peko, Jean-Claude; Ruiz-Salvador, A. Rabdel; Fernández-Gutierrez, Froilan; Rodríguez-Gattorno, Geonel; Delgado, Adolfo; Echevarría, Yuri. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1062.
Conductivity |
Materials Science |
Physical Properties |
Solids |
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Student-Centered Learning
|
Potassium Cyanide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium cyanide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 998.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Sodium Cyanide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium cyanide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 997.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Potassium Dichromate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium dichromate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 874.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Potassium Permanganate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium permanganate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 873.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Diethyl Phthalate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for diethyl phthalate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 736.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Carbon Disulfide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for carbon disulfide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 735.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Antimony(III) Chloride Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for antimony(III) chloride.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 611.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Cobalt(II) Chloride Hexahydrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 610.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Isopropyl Ether Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for isopropyl ether.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 609.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Canola Oil Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for canola oil.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 481.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Citric Acid Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for citric acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 480.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Graphite Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for graphite.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 379.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Calcium Carbide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for calcium carbide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 378.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Foundations of Physics for Chemists. Oxford Chemistry Primer No. 93 (G. A. D. Ritchie and D. S. Sivia) John P. Ranck
Physics primer for chemistry students.
Ranck, John P. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 268.
Physical Properties
|
Chromium(VI) Oxide, CrO3 Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for chromium(VI) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 259.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Aluminum Oxide, Al2O3 Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for aluminum oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 258.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Copper(I) Oxide, Cu2O Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for copper(I) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 257.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Iron(II) Sulfate Heptahydrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 141.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Zirconium(IV) Oxide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for zirconium(IV) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 140.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Chemical Recycling of Pop Bottles: The Synthesis of Dibenzyl Terephthalate from the Plastic Polyethylene Terephthalate Craig J. Donahue, Jennifer A. Exline, and Cynthia Warner
Procedure in which students depolymerize a common plastic (PET from 2-L pop bottles) under mild conditions using nontoxic chemicals to produce monomer building blocks.
Donahue, Craig J.; Exline, Jennifer A.; Warner, Cynthia. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 79.
Industrial Chemistry |
Synthesis |
Aromatic Compounds |
Polymerization
|
CLIP: Glycerol Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for glycerol.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 25.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
CLIP: Ammonia, aqueous Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for ammonia.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 24.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Periodic Table Live! 3rd Edition: Abstract of Special Issue 17 Nicholas B. Adelman, Jon L. Holmes, Jerrold J. Jacobsen, John W. Moore, Paul F. Schatz, Jaclyn Tweedale, Alton J. Banks, John C. Kotz, William R. Robinson, and Susan Young
CD-ROM containing an interactive journey through the periodic table; includes information about each element, biographies of discoverers, videos of reactions, sources and uses, macro and atomic properties, and crystalline structures.
Adelman, Nicholas B.; Holmes, Jon L.; Jacobsen, Jerrold J.; Moore, John W.; Schatz, Paul F.; Tweedale, Jaclyn; Banks, Alton J.; Kotz, John C.; Robinson, William R.; Young, Susan. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1487.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Solid State Chemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Reactions |
Crystals / Crystallography
|
Sodium Nitrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium nitrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1414.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Nitric Acid (approx. 70%) Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for nitric acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1413.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Sodium Carbonate (anhydrous) Na2CO3 Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for anhydrous sodium carbonate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1315.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Sodium Acetate CH3COONa Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium acetate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1314.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Spectroscopy for Schools and Colleges [CD-ROM] (by the Royal Society of Chemistry and GlaxoWellcome) Thomas H. Eberlein
Interactive CR-ROM to assist in learning the fundamentals of interpreting spectroscopy in organic chemistry.
Eberlein, Thomas H. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1204.
Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
Mass Spectrometry |
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Enrichment / Review Materials
|
Sodium Fluoride Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium fluoride.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1197.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium hypochlorite solution.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1196.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Correction to Featured Molecule of July 2002 (re J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 772)
Correct formula of anthracene.
J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1071.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
Potassium Chromate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium chromate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1065.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Osmium Tetroxide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for osmium tetroxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1064.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Sulfur (S8) Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sulfur.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1063.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Potassium Perchlorate: Chemical Laboratory Information Profile Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium perchlorate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 937.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Potassium Chlorate: Chemical Laboratory Information Profile Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium chlorate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 936.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Partial Molar Volumes from Refractive Index Measurements Anthony F. Fucaloro
Analysis of the use of indexes of refraction to measure the density of liquid mixtures.
Fucaloro, Anthony F. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 865.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Thermodynamics |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Mercury(I) chloride Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for mercury(I) chloride.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 799.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 798.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Glass Wool Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for glass wool.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 673.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Acetaldehyde Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for acetaldehyde.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 672.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 426.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Acids / Bases
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Sodium Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 425.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Metals
|
Copper(II) Sulfate Pentahydrate Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 158.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Formic Acid Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for formic acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 157.
Acids / Bases |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Carboxylic Acids
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Oleic Acid Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for oleic acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 24.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Acids / Bases
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Arsenic(III) Oxide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for arsenic(III) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 23.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Semimetallicity? Stephen J. Hawkes
Analysis of whether semimetals are semiconductors and distinctions between metals, semimetals, and nonmetals.
Hawkes, Stephen J. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1686.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Nonmetals |
Physical Properties |
Solid State Chemistry |
Conductivity
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profiles (CLIPs) (re J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 444) Stanley H. Pine
Value of Chemical Laboratory Information Profiles and similar resources on safety information.
Pine, Stanley H. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1593.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Petroleum Ether Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for petroleum ether.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1588.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Asbestos Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for asbestos.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1587.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Boiling Points of the Family of Small Molecules CHwFxClyBrz: How Are They Related to Molecular Mass? Michael Laing
Investigating the role of molecular mass in determining boiling points of small molecules.
Laing, Michael. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1544.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Liquids |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Sucrose Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sucrose.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1460.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Carbohydrates
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Turpentine Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for turpentine.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1459.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
An Introduction to the Scientific Process: Preparation of Poly(vinyl acetate) Glue Robert G. Gilbert, Christopher M. Fellows, James McDonald, and Stuart W. Prescott
Exercise to give students experience in scientific processes while introducing them to synthetic polymer colloids.
Gilbert, Robert G.; Fellows, Christopher M.; McDonald, James; Prescott, Stuart W. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1370.
Industrial Chemistry |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Surface Science |
Polymerization |
Applications of Chemistry |
Colloids
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Cobalt(II) Oxide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for cobalt(II) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1328.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Manganese(IV) Oxide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for manganese(IV) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1327.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Iron(III) Oxide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for iron(III) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1326.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Acetic Anhydride Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for acetic anhydride.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1176.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Acetone Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for acetone.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1175.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Correction to Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: n-Hexane (J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 587) Jay A. Young
Corrected formula for n-hexane.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1021.
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Water Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for water.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 874.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Hydrochloric Acid (approx 36%) Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for hydrochloric acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 873.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Acids / Bases
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Sulfuric Acid (approx. 98%) Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for concentrated sulfuric acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 722.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Acids / Bases
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Acetic Acid (glacial) Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for acetic acid (glacial).
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 721.
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Carboxylic Acids
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Borax Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for borax.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 588.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: n-Hexane Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for n-hexane.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 587.
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Phenolphthalein Solution Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for phenolphthalein solution.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 448.
Acids / Bases |
Dyes / Pigments |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Sodium Hydroxide Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium hydroxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 447.
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Introducing Chemical Laboratory Information Profiles: CLIPs Jay A. Young
Documentation that describes the hazards of a chemical in a manner that is useful for teachers and their students; proposed list of chemicals to consider.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 444.
Administrative Issues |
Descriptive Chemistry |
TA Training / Orientation |
Toxicology |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
A Simple Laboratory Experiment for the Determination of Absolute Zero Myung-Hoon Kim, Michelle Song Kim, and Suw-Young Ly
A novel method that employs a remarkably simple and inexpensive apparatus and is based on the extrapolation of the volume of a given amount of dry air to zero volume after a volume of air trapped inside a 10-mL graduated cylinder is measured at various temperatures.
Kim, Myung-Hoon; Kim, Michelle Song; Ly, Suw-Young. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 238.
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Chemometrics
|
Bromination, Elimination, and Polymerization: A 3-Step Sequence for the Preparation of Polystyrene from Ethylbenzene Elizabeth M. Sanford and Heather L. Hermann
An organic chemistry lab that introduces students to polymer chemistry is presented. Students complete a radical bromination of ethylbenzene, which is followed by elimination to give styrene. A radical polymerization is then completed to produce polystyrene.
Sanford, Elizabeth M.; Hermann, Heather L. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1343.
Free Radicals |
Synthesis |
Polymerization
|
A Comprehensive Guide to the Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances, 2nd Edition
by Pradyot Patnaik Douglas Walters
Reference book that contains a wealth of valuable information on about 1500 chemicals.
Walters, Douglas. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1122.
Physical Properties |
Toxicology
|
Melting Point and Molecular Symmetry R. J. C. Brown and R. F. C. Brown
In 1882 Thomas Carnelley observed that high molecular symmetry is associated with high melting point. The application of the rule to a number of different molecular crystals is discussed. The rule applies to different categories of crystal for different reasons, which can be explained by thermodynamic analysis.
Brown, R. J. C.; Brown, R. F. C. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 724.
Liquids |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Solids |
Thermodynamics |
Physical Properties |
Aromatic Compounds |
Crystals / Crystallography
|
Reply to Inflection at the Triple Point Myers, R. Thomas
Response to challenges in graphing the triple point of water and correction to original article.
Myers, R. Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 160.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
|
Inflection at the Triple Point Myers, R. Thomas
Challenges in graphing the triple point of water.
Myers, R. Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 160.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
|
Letters
Challenges in graphing the triple point of water.
J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 160.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
|
An Experiment to Demonstrate How a Catalyst Affects the Rate of a Reaction Christine L. Copper and Edward Koubek
This experiment, which is a modified version of the traditional iodine clock reaction, allows students to calculate rates of reaction, orders of reactants, and activation energies. It also lets students discover that to increase a reaction's rate, a catalyst need only provide any additional pathway for the reaction, not necessarily a pathway having a lower activation energy.
Copper, Christine L.; Koubek, Edward. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1714.
Catalysis |
Physical Properties |
Rate Law
|
Viscosity Measurement: A Virtual Experiment: Abstract of Issue 9907 N. Papadopoulos, A. T. Pitta, N. Markopoulos, M. Limniou, M. A. N. D. A. Lemos, F. Lemos, and F. G. Freire
Viscosity Measurement includes three virtual experiments: an Ostwald viscometer simulator, a falling-ball viscometer simulator, and a balance simulator for a simple determination of the density of a liquid. Each virtual experiment includes a corresponding theoretical section. Support from the program is sufficient to enable the students to carry out a virtual experiment sensibly and on their own.
Papadopoulos, Nikos; Pitta, A. T.; Markopoulos, N.; Limniou, M.; Lemos, M. A. N. D. A.; Lemos, F. M.; Freire, F. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1600.
Solutions / Solvents |
Physical Properties
|
Integrating Computers into the First-Year Chemistry Laboratory: Application of Raoult's Law to a Two-Component System R. Viswanathan and G. Horowitz
First-year chemistry students are introduced to a spreadsheet program to calculate the boiling points of a two-component solution containing a volatile solute. The boiling points are predicted by combining the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and Raoult's law. A simple experimental setup is used to measure the boiling points of solutions of varying compositions.
Viswanathan, Raji; Horowitz, Gail. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1124.
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
|
Chemical Etching of Group III - V Semiconductors Najah J. Kadhim, Stuart H. Laurie, and D. Mukherjee
This article reviews the chemical etchants used for the treatment of GaAs and others III - V. Semiconductors, the factors involved in their mechanism and the many potential pitfalls, arwillan defects associated with them.
Kadhim, Najah J.; Laurie, Stuart H.; Mukherjee, D. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 840.
Materials Science |
Surface Science |
Physical Properties
|
Swift Measurement of Densities of Low Melting Point Compounds Bruno Lunelli
For compounds that are solid at room temperature, the procedure described gives the density of the liquid near its melting point (similar to that quoted in the Aldrich catalog), and not that of the phase stable at room temperature.
Lunelli, Bruno. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 639.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Determination of Density of Liquid by a Capillary with Two Pinhole Ends Shui-Ping Yang
To improve the precision and accuracy in measuring the density of a liquid at the microscale level, a capillary with a volume of about 30 L and two pinhole ends has been designed. The density determined by this capillary method is precise to four significant figures.
Yang, Shui-Ping. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 368.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Liquids |
Physical Properties
|
Measurement of Evaporation Rates of Organic Liquids by Optical Interference Scott A. Riley, Nathan R. Franklin, Bobbie Oudinarath, Sally Wong, David Congalton, and A. M. Nishimura*
Laser light reflects and refracts at the air-surface interface; the latter beam then reflects at the lower liquid glass interface. These two beams are focused onto a photodiode. The optical interference occurs as a result of the different distances traveled by the two beams and the intensity at the detector oscillates as the liquid evaporates. The frequency of oscillation is used to determine the rate of evaporation.
Riley, Scott A.; Franklin, Nathan R.; Oudinarath, Bobbie; Wong, Sally; Congalton, David; Nishimura, A. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1320.
Instrumental Methods |
Surface Science |
Thermodynamics |
Physical Properties |
Lasers
|
Rayon from Dryer Lint: A Demonstration Michael A. Knopp
Threads of rayon several cm in length formed from ordinary household dryer lint stirred into the traditional Schweizer reagent mixture.
Knopp, Michael A. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 401.
Polymerization
|
Viscosity of Common Seed and Vegetable Oils C. Wes Fountain, Jeanne Jennings, Cheryl K. McKie, Patrice Oakman, Monty L. Fetterolf
A viscosity experiment is presented here that is designed around common seed and vegetable oils. With the importance of viscosity to foodstuffs and the importance of fatty acids to nutrition, an experiment using these common, recognizable oils has broad appeal.
Fountain, C. Wes; Jennings, Jeanne ; McKie, Cheryl K.; Oakman, Patrice; Fetterolf, Monty L. . J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 224.
Physical Properties |
Food Science |
Fatty Acids
|
Boiling Point and Molecular Weight Rich, Ronald L.
No relationship between boiling points and molecular weight.
Rich, Ronald L. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A294.
Physical Properties |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Noncovalent Interactions
|
Letters
No relationship between boiling points and molecular weight.
J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A294.
Physical Properties |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Noncovalent Interactions
|
Air Stream-Assisted Sublimation on a Microscale: A Rapid Procedure Suitable for Sophomore Laboratory Prem D. Sattsangi
Using familiar apparatus, such as a 3-mL reaction vial, an air condenser, a stream of clean air/nitrogen/argon, an aluminum heating block and a hot plate, several compounds in the microscale amounts (50 mg), with its melting points ranging from 50-240 C, have been successfully sublimed in 40 minutes.
Sattsangi, Prem D. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A3.
Microscale Lab |
Separation Science |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Solids |
Physical Properties
|
An Organoleptic Laboratory Experiment John M. Risley
Compounds in ten different classes of organic molecules that are used in the fragrance and food industry are provided to students. Students whiff the vapors of each compound and describe the organoleptic properties using a set of terms utilized in the fragrance and food industry. A set of questions guides students to an understanding of the relationship between structure of molecules and smell.
Risley, John M. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 1181.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Consumer Chemistry |
Physical Properties |
Nonmajor Courses |
Alcohols |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds |
Carboxylic Acids |
Esters |
Ethers |
Phenols
|
Soxhlet Extraction of Caffeine from Beverage Plants D. J. Adam, J. Mainwaring, Michael N. Quigley
A simple procedure is described for the extraction of caffeine from coffee beans or granules, tea leaves, mat leaves, etc. Following extraction, melting point determination of the crystalline precipitate establishes its positive identity.
Adam, D. J.; Mainwaring, J.; Quigley, Michael N. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 1171.
Separation Science |
Physical Properties
|
Polymer Mechanical Properties via a New Laboratory Tensile Tester T. Carter Gilmer, Matthew Williams,
A laboratory tensile testing device has been developed, which allows quick and inexpensive measurements of tensile properties of polymeric materials in a uni-axial mode. The device is mostly for instructive purposes and is not necessarily precise enough to collect research mechanical property data.
Gilmer, T. Carter; Williams, Matthew. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 1062.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Effects of Solution Physical Properties on Copper and Chromium Signals in Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Fàbio R. P. Rocha, Joaquim A. Nòbrega
Instrumental techniques, such as flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), are frequently used in chemical analysis. Independently of the technique used, the chemical principles must be considered to assure that the analytical results are correct.
Rocha, Fàbio R. P.; Nòbrega , Joaquim A. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 982.
Physical Properties |
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Qualitative Analysis |
Solutions / Solvents |
Instrumental Methods
|
First Day in Organic Lab Christine K. F. Hermann
This experiment is designed to introduce students to the techniques of reflux, distillation, gas chromatography, and the determination of boiling point and melting point during one lab period.
J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 852.
Separation Science |
Gas Chromatography |
Physical Properties |
Qualitative Analysis |
Instrumental Methods
|
The Neglected Element in Sophomore Organic Chemistry Kelly L. Bieda and Suzzane T. Purrington
There are many aspects of organic chemistry that would benefit from the inclusion of organofluorine chemistry. The properties of fluorine help in the clarification of many topics such as bond strength, leaving groups, substitution reactions, radical reactions, polymers, pharmaceuticals, and enzymes.
Bieda, Kelly L.; Purrington, Suzanne T. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 754.
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Enzymes |
Polymerization |
Nucleophilic Substitution
|
Testing the Electrical Resistivity of Wax and Copper Composites: An Experiment for Simulating the Electrical Behavior of Metal-Filled Plastics Gabriel Pinto
Testing the Electrical Resistivity of Wax and Copper Composites: An Experiment for Simulating the Electrical Behavior of Metal-Filled Plastics
Gabriel Pinto. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 683.
Materials Science |
Polymerization |
Solids |
Physical Properties
|
Polymer Science Pilot Program Mary L. Maier
The Polymer Science Pilot Program consists of a sequence of experiences with polymers, designed to focus upon the ways in which these materials resemble and/or compare with nonpolymers in physical properties, versatility, and function.
Mary L. Maier. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 643.
Polymerization |
Physical Properties |
Materials Science
|
Raman Spectroscopic Determination of Heats of Vaporization of Pure Liquids Roosevelt Shaw and Mohammad Hokmabadi
This article describes an experiment which offers a Raman method whereby Raman intensity measurements obtained from the vapor over pure water to yield the heat of vaporization of water.
Shaw, Roosevelt; Hokmabadi, Mohammad. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 474.
Raman Spectroscopy |
Physical Properties |
Gases |
Water / Water Chemistry
|
An Easy-to-Build Rotational Viscometer with Digital Readout Turgay Seckin and Suphi M. Kormaly
Low-cost rotational viscometer with digital readout that was well-suited for measuring viscosity was constructed with two dc motors, a rotor, a measuring cup, and milivolt recorder. This rotational viscometer can be used for quick, unsophisticated tests and comparative measurement.
Seckin, Turgay; Kormaly, Suphi M. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 193.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
|
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: The Unexpected Role of Carbenoid Species in Formation of Macromolecules Donald M. Snyder
One particularly interesting topic still rarely seen outside of the research literature is the subject of metathesis polymerization. This article is intended to present the interested reader with a brief introduction to the mechanism of this unique process, its historical background, and some recent developments in the field.
Snyder, Donald M. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 155.
Polymerization |
Alkenes |
Mechanisms of Reactions
|
Meaningful Melting Points Kenneth Nolon Carter and Kenneth Nolan Carter, Jr.
Recommendations for laboratory standards for determining and reporting melting points.
Carter, Kenneth Nolon; Carter, Kenneth N., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 647.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Thermosetting Resins W. Peng and B. Riedl
A general description of the different chemical systems used as thermosetting resins, their applications, and some physicochemical aspects of their polymerization.
Peng, W.; Riedl, B. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 587.
Polymerization |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
|
A New Investigative Laboratory for Introductory Organic Chemistry Involving Polymer Synthesis and Characterization Kharas, Gregory B.
Project to develop a model organic laboratory curriculum that gives students the opportunity to be imaginative and creative by pursuing research projects in organic and polymer synthesis using a guided-discovery model.
Kharas, Gregory B. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 534.
Polymerization |
Synthesis
|
Buoyancy Programs; Viscosity of Polymer Solutions; Precision of Calculated Values Bertrand, Gary L.
Software to simulate the determination of the density of solids; the preparation of polymer solutions and their time to flow through a viscometer; and a program to calculate the uncertainties of results given the input values.
Bertrand, Gary L. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 492.
Physical Properties |
Chemometrics
|
Spectrofluorimeters as Light-Scattering Apparatus: Application to Polymers Molecular Weight Determination Mougan, Manuel A.; Coello, Adela; Jover, Aida; Meijide, Francisco; Vazquez Tato, Jose
Procedure for determining the molecular weight of polymers using fluorescent spectroscopy; includes sample data and analysis, and listing of molecular weight determinations appearing in previous issues of JCE.
Mougan, Manuel A.; Coello, Adela; Jover, Aida; Meijide, Francisco; Vazquez Tato, Jose J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 284.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Physical Properties
|
A Simple Demonstration of the Effect of Impurities on Melting Point Hardinger, Steven A.
Demonstration of melting point depression of a substance because of the presence of impurities.
Hardinger, Steven A. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 250.
Rate Law |
Physical Properties
|
Put the Body to Them! Perkins, Robert R.
Examples of chemistry demonstrations involving student participation, including quantized states and systems, boiling point trends, intermolecular vs. intramolecular changes, polar/nonpolar molecules, enantiomers and diastereomers, and chromatography.
Perkins, Robert R. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 151.
Chromatography |
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Chirality / Optical Activity |
Quantum Chemistry |
Diastereomers |
Enantiomers
|
Analysis of Cryoscopy Data Wloch, Peter; Cherniak, E. A.
Method for analyzing cryoscopic data with applications to freezing point depression; includes data and analysis.
Wloch, Peter; Cherniak, E. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 59.
Physical Properties |
Physical Properties |
Stoichiometry
|
Solving Nonlinear Simultaneous Equations by the Method of Successive Substitution: Applications to Equations of State Eberhart, J. G.
Several student programming exercises based on the use of various equations of state to predict a variety of fluid properties are described.
Eberhart, J. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 1038.
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
|
A Simple "Back of the Envelope" Method for Estimating the Densities and Molecular Volumes of Liquids and Solids Girolami, Gregory S.
The method described for the estimation of densities and molecular volumes are surprisingly accurate and very simple.
Girolami, Gregory S. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 962.
Physical Properties |
Liquids |
Solids
|
Not So Late Night Chemistry with USD Koppang, Miles D.; Webb, Karl M.; Srinivasan, Rekha R.
Through the program, college students enhance their knowledge and expertise on a chemical topic and gain experience in scientific presentations. They also serve as role models to the high school students who can relate to college students more easily than the chemistry faculty members and their high school students.
Koppang, Miles D.; Webb, Karl M.; Srinivasan, Rekha R. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 929.
Forensic Chemistry |
Polymerization |
Electrochemistry |
Isotopes |
Acids / Bases
|
Using Formal Charges in Teaching Descriptive Inorganic Chemistry DeWit, David G.
Using the concept of formal charges to predict bond properties, determine molecular structure, and explain reactivities and the tendency to polymerize.
DeWit, David G. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 750.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Lewis Structures |
Polymerization
|
Chemical Magic: Polymers from a Nonexistent Monomer Seymour, Raymond B.; Kauffman, George B.
Synthesis, properties, and applications of polyvinyl alcohol and related polymers.
Seymour, Raymond B.; Kauffman, George B. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 582.
Polymerization |
Alcohols
|
Rubber Elasticity: A Simple Method for Measurement of Thermodynamic Properties Byrne, John P.
A modified triple-beam balance that uses an optical lever to detect small changes in the length of a stretched rubber band.
Byrne, John P. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 531.
Thermodynamics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
|
A Simple-To-Construct Density Gradient Tube Quigley, Michael N.
A density gradient tube used by forensic scientists for soil characterization.
Quigley, Michael N. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 516.
Physical Properties |
Forensic Chemistry |
Geochemistry
|
The Determination of Number-Average Molecular Weight: A Polymer Experiment for Lower-Division Chemistry Students Williams, Kathryn R.; Bernier, Ulrich R.
Procedure to determine the number-average molecular weight of a polymer.
Williams, Kathryn R.; Bernier, Ulrich R. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 265.
Physical Properties
|
Mechanical Properties of Metals: Experiments with Steel, Copper, Tin, Zinc, and Soap Bubbles Geselbracht, Margaret J.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Penn, Rona L.; Lisensky, George C.; Stone, Donald S.
Annealing, hardening, and tempering of metals; using bubbles to model the crystalline structure of metals.
Geselbracht, Margaret J.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Penn, Rona L.; Lisensky, George C.; Stone, Donald S. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 254.
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Crystals / Crystallography
|
Collecting and Using the Rare Earths Solomon, Sally; Lee, Alan
Prices, sources, handling tips, and specific suggestions about how to use the lanthanide elements in the classroom and the laboratory.
Solomon, Sally; Lee, Alan J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 247.
Metals |
Transition Elements |
Physical Properties
|
Polymer additives: III. Surface property and processing modifiers Stevens, Malcolm P.
The final installment of a three-part paper on the subject of polymer additives. Some of the properties these additives bring to polymers are: anti-blocking agents, anti-fogging agents, antistatic agents, coupling and releasing agents, blowing and crosslinking agents, defoaming agents, emulsifiers, and heat stabilizers.
Stevens, Malcolm P. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 713.
Polymerization |
Materials Science |
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry
|
Polymer spherulites: II. Crystallization kinetics Marentette, J. M.; Brown, G. R.
A commonplace polarized light microscope equipped with a hot stage permits examination of crystallization kinetics in addition to morphology and birefringence.
Marentette, J. M.; Brown, G. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 539.
Kinetics |
Crystals / Crystallography |
Polymerization
|
Polymer additives: II. Chemical and aesthetic property modifiers Stevens, Malcolm P.
Part two of a series that picks up on a discussion of additives that alter chemical and aesthetic properties of polymers.
Stevens, Malcolm P. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 535.
Materials Science |
Polymerization |
Dyes / Pigments |
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry
|
Differential scanning calorimetry study of the cross-linking of styrene and an unsaturated polyester: The chemistry of canoe manufacture. Vebrel, Joel; Grohens, Yves; Kadmiri, Abderazak; Gowling, Eric W.
An activity geared toward a course where experiments are designed to investigate the preparation of materials, the properties essential to understanding their formation, and the optimization of their application.
Vebrel, Joel; Grohens, Yves; Kadmiri, Abderazak; Gowling, Eric W. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 501.
Materials Science |
Polymerization |
Reactions |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
|
Polymer additives: Part I. Mechanical property modifiers Stevens, Malcolm P.
Discussion of both organic and inorganic materials added to polymers to modify their properties.
Stevens, Malcolm P. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 444.
Physical Properties |
Materials Science |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Identifying polymers through combustion and density Blumberg, Avrom A.
Using analytical chemistry class experiences as a way to not only quantitatively and qualitatively analyze substances, but also to gain practical experience with characteristic chemical reactions of those substances.
Blumberg, Avrom A. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 399.
Physical Properties |
Qualitative Analysis |
Polymerization |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Plastic density determination by titration Bruzan, Raymond.; Baker, Douglas
A density lab involving volumetric analysis.
Bruzan, Raymond.; Baker, Douglas J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 397.
Physical Properties |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Preparation of 2-aminobenzaldehyde: A fragrant component of floral odors Foy, Brian D.; Smudde, R. Allen; Wood, William F.
This article summarizes an experimental procedure and lists spectroscopic and physical properties of the products.
Foy, Brian D.; Smudde, R. Allen; Wood, William F. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 322.
Aromatic Compounds |
Spectroscopy |
Physical Properties
|
The importance of understanding structure Galasso, Frank
Solid state chemistry and its link with atomic structure is a topic that is still being neglected in students' education., despite the interesting scientific discoveries and developments that will likely be relevant in students' lives and possible careers.
Galasso, Frank J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 287.
Solid State Chemistry |
Materials Science |
Solids |
Physical Properties
|
The Aqueous Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Furan-Maleic Anhydride Adduct: Increased Catalytic Activity Using a Recyclable Transition Metal Catalyst Viswanathan, Tito; Jethmalani, Jagdish
ROMP offers an opportunity for an experiment that should fit well within the context of a laboratory in organic or polymer chemistry because the experimental yield can be characterized at the molecular level.
Viswanathan, Tito; Jethmalani, Jagdish J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 165.
Polymerization |
NMR Spectroscopy
|
A Discussion of the Term "Polymorphism" Reinke, Helmut; Dehne, Heinz; Hans, Martin
Authors propose an extended definition for the term "polymorphism", especially in low molecular weight compounds.
Reinke, Helmut; Dehne, Heinz; Hans, Martin J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 101.
Physical Properties |
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Solids |
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Hydrogen Bonding
|
Interfacial polymerizations: Microscale polymer laboratory experiments for undergraduate students. Lewis, Ronald G.; Choquette, Michael; Darden, Edward H.; Gilbert, Mark P.; Martinez, Douglas; Myhaver, Cindy; Schlichter, Karen; Woudenberg, Richard; Zawistowski, Keith.
Experimental procedure for vinyl polymerizations modified to fit a microscale format.
Lewis, Ronald G.; Choquette, Michael; Darden, Edward H.; Gilbert, Mark P.; Martinez, Douglas; Myhaver, Cindy; Schlichter, Karen; Woudenberg, Richard; Zawistowski, Keith. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, A215.
Polymerization |
Microscale Lab |
Surface Science
|
Intensive and extensive: Underused concepts Canagaratna, Sebastian G.
Methods for teaching intensive and extensive properties.
Canagaratna, Sebastian G. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 957.
Physical Properties |
Thermodynamics
|
Viscosity of polymer solutions Bertrand, Gary L.
This program contains three components: "Density of Liquids", "Viscosity of Liquids", and "Viscosity of Polymer Solutions".
Bertrand, Gary L. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 818.
Solutions / Solvents |
Physical Properties |
Liquids
|
Free-radical polymerization of acrylamide Silversmith, Ernest F.
A rapid and foolproof thermal polymerization.
Silversmith, Ernest F. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 763.
Free Radicals |
Polymerization |
Reactions
|
Illustration of Mn and Mw in chain-growth polymerization using a simplified model: An undergraduate polymer chemistry laboratory exercise Snyder, Donald M.
This exercise helps to attain three pedagogical objectives. Laying out the chains illustrates that a polymer is composed of a mixture of various chain lengths, the random-number assembly of the chain illustrates the statistical aspects of chain growth, the limited number of chains and chain length of the chain allows direct calculation of the number of chains and the weight averages of the chains.
Snyder, Donald M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 422.
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
A simple, inexpensive device for measuring the critical temperature of a high-temperature superconductor Green, David B.; Douphner, Dijon; Hutchinson, Bennett
This note describes a simple, inexpensive method of measuring the temperature at which the Meissner effect exists in a disk of YBa2Cu3O7.
Green, David B.; Douphner, Dijon; Hutchinson, Bennett J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 343.
Superconductivity |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Fugacity-More than a fake pressure Donkersloot, Maarten C. A.
The equivalence of fugacity and chemical potential, in terms of dependence on pressure, should be obvious to any student based on the following equations.
Donkersloot, Maarten C. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 290.
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Thermodynamics
|
Weight-average molecular weights: How to pick a football team Pilar, Frank L.
Author uses a football team analogy to help student understand how the weight-average definition is computed.
Pilar, Frank L. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 280.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
|
A least-squares technique for determining the van der Waals parameters from the critical constants. Eberhart, J. G.
The author reviews three of the six methods for calculating the van der Waals constants for a fluid.
Eberhart, J. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 220.
Noncovalent Interactions |
Physical Properties
|
An alternative view of fugacity. Combs, Leon L.
The author notes two conceptual problems with the normal derivation of fugacity equations and offers a solution.
Combs, Leon L. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 218.
Gases |
Physical Properties
|
Studying odd-even effects and solubility behavior using alpha, omega-dicarboxylic acids Burrows, Hugh D.
Odd-even effect provides a satisfying way of introducing students to a large area of chemistry that encompasses both classical thermodynamics and applied aspects.
Burrows, Hugh D. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 69.
Precipitation / Solubility |
Physical Properties |
Thermodynamics
|
KC? Discoverer with Knowledgeable Counselor Cabrol, Daniel; Moore, John W.; Rittenhouse, Rita C.
KC? Discoverer is a program that permits students and faculty to explore a wide range of properties of the elements and is closely coordinated with the periodic table.
Cabrol, Daniel; Moore, John W.; Rittenhouse, Rita C. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 40.
Physical Properties |
Periodicity / Periodic Table
|
Microscale resolution of racemic 1-phenylethylamine and chiral high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in undergraduate chemistry Krumpolc, Miroslav
A standard experiment has been modified to incorporate microscale techniques and employ chiral high performance liquid chromatography to determine enantiomeric purity.
Krumpolc, Miroslav J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, A176.
Enantiomers |
Amides |
Diastereomers |
Physical Properties |
Microscale Lab
|
Textile fiber identification: An organic-polymer laboratory Flachskam, Robert L., Jr.; Flachskam, Nancy W.
A laboratory that introduces student to an important application of polymers-textile fibers.
Flachskam, Robert L., Jr.; Flachskam, Nancy W. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 1044.
Natural Products |
Plant Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Physical Properties |
Materials Science
|
A laboratory study of 1,3-dipole-dipolarophile addition: An extension of the Diels Alder reaction Gingrich, Henry L.; Pickering, Miles
Some easy organic reactions that can also be used as the basis for puzzles, or as facile heterocyclic syntheses: an area neglected in the student experiment literature.
Gingrich, Henry L.; Pickering, Miles J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 614.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Addition Reactions |
Synthesis |
Heterocycles |
Physical Properties |
NMR Spectroscopy
|
An analytical balance as tensiometer and densimeter Sanchez-Rubio, Manuel; Castellanos-Ortega, Jose R.; Puig, Jorge E.
How to convert an analytical balance into an accurate ring tensiometer or densimeter.
Sanchez-Rubio, Manuel; Castellanos-Ortega, Jose R.; Puig, Jorge E. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 158.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Surface Science |
Physical Properties |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Polarity and selectivity of ionic stationary phases used in gas chromatography: Evaluation of commercial detergents containing anionic surfactants as column packings Furton, Kenneth G.; Mantilla, Adriana
Evaluation of commercial detergents containing anionic surfactants as column packings.
Furton, Kenneth G.; Mantilla, Adriana J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 74.
Consumer Chemistry |
Gas Chromatography |
Physical Properties |
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Quantitative Analysis |
Covalent Bonding |
Solutions / Solvents
|
A computer-aided optical melting point device Masterov, Michael; Pierre-Louis, Bredy; Chuang, Raymond
The device should improve the precision of these determinations by eliminating human judgement from the process.
Masterov, Michael; Pierre-Louis, Bredy; Chuang, Raymond J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, A75.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
|
Synthesis of a phenol-formaldehyde thermosetting polymer Bedard, Y.; Riedl, B.
Procedure that allows for the synthesis of a 50% aqueous solution of a prepolymer that, with the proper application of heat and pressure, can be used to bind together wood or other materials.
Bedard, Y.; Riedl, B. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 977.
Synthesis |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Phenols |
Polymerization
|
Identification of unknowns by melting point and thin-layer chromatography in combination Levine, Samuel G.
Identification from among 12 unknowns by melting point and thin-layer chromatography.
Levine, Samuel G. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 972.
Physical Properties |
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Qualitative Analysis
|
A suggested improvement for the computer-aided optical melting-point device Masterov, Michael; Sylvestre, Jude
This addition will allow the original device to analyze several samples overnight without human intervention.
Masterov, Michael; Sylvestre, Jude J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 963.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Introducing on-line searching of Chemical Abstracts in the undergraduate curriculum: An alternative approach Dess, Howard M.; Kesselman, M.; Muha, G. M.
Implementation of an undergraduate search exercise involving Chemical Abstracts.
Dess, Howard M.; Kesselman, M.; Muha, G. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 946.
Physical Properties
|
Ice under pressure Chang, Raymond; Skinner, James F.
A piece of steel music wire pulled through a block of ice by weights on either side.
Chang, Raymond; Skinner, James F. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 789.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Physical Properties
|
Classroom demonstrations of polymer principles: IV. Mechanical properties Rodriguez, F.
Demonstrating the tensile strength of polymers.
Rodriguez, F. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 784.
Physical Properties
|
Apparatus for two-probe conductivity measurements on compressed powders Wudl, Fred; Bryce, Martin R.
A simple two-probe apparatus used to measure the room-temperature d.c. conductivity of solids in the form of compressed pellets.
Wudl, Fred; Bryce, Martin R. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 717.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Conductivity |
Physical Properties
|
A reusable apparatus for the convenient determination of the molecular weight of air- or moisture-sensitive compounds Zoellner, Robert W.
Construction and application of an apparatus for the determination of the apparent molecular weight of air- or moisture sensitive compounds employing Singer's method of isothermal distillation.
Zoellner, Robert W. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 714.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
|
Empathy for the exile: Chemistry and the classical literature Tanner, A. C.; Johnson, J. F.
Estimating the temperature experienced by Ovid 2000 years ago based on his description of frozen wine.
Tanner, A. C.; Johnson, J. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 690.
Physical Properties
|
Distillation and the Macintosh: PT Nomograph, an "in-lab" utility Simon, R.; Senecal, T.
115. Bits and pieces, 44. This program duplicates the generic pressure-temperature nomograph, found in a variety of sources, for the detection of the boiling point of a liquid under reduced pressure.
Simon, R.; Senecal, T. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 505.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Liquids
|
Identification of polymers in university class experiments Bowen, Humphry J. M.
With a certain amount of skill and experience, most students can learn how to identify common polymers.
Bowen, Humphry J. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 75.
Physical Properties |
Spectroscopy |
Chromatography
|
The direct relation between altitude and boiling point Earl, Boyd L.
Since the physical parameter whose variation is responsible for the change in boiling point due to altitude is atmospheric pressure, one must make the connection between boiling point and altitude via the pressure, which is directly connected to both.
Earl, Boyd L. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 45.
Thermodynamics |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
|
Identifying polar and nonpolar molecules Tykodi, R. J.
A scheme based on the ideas of molecular symmetry for determining the polar / nonpolar nature of simple molecules.
Tykodi, R. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 1007.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
|
Refractive index - A simple demonstration experiment Mishra, S. K.; Parasher, P.; Sharma, P. D.
Adding benzene and bromobenzene to glass wool makes it disappear.
Mishra, S. K.; Parasher, P.; Sharma, P. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 852.
Physical Properties
|
High-efficiency condenser for low-boiling liquids and gases Ali, Saqib; Mazhar, M.
Constructing a high-efficiency condenser for low-boiling liquids and gases using a 2 L plastic bottle.
Ali, Saqib; Mazhar, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 786.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Liquids |
Physical Properties
|
KC? Discoverer: A computer program for descriptive inorganic chemistry Kotz, John C.
106. Teaching sophomore inorganic chemistry using "KC? Discoverer: Exploring the Periodic Table".
Kotz, John C. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 750.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Physical Properties
|
Determination of the density of crystalline solids in the undergraduate laboratory Craig, Rhoda E. R.
Using the flotation method for determining the density of crystalline solids.
Craig, Rhoda E. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 599.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Solids |
Physical Properties
|
Different Choices (author response) Kemp, H.R.
Ronald Rich discusses the use of descriptive units in the problem of calculating the concentration of a 96% sulfuric acid solution of a known density.
Kemp, H.R. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 271.
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Physical Properties
|
Different Choices Rich, Ronald L.
Kemp wisely advocates that the values of physical quantities be treated as independent of the units used.
Rich, Ronald L. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 271.
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Physical Properties
|
Buoyancy measurements for teaching and research Miller, Bernard
The following examination of the venerable buoyancy principle can serve as a simple but rigorous illustration of a falsification test that not only clears up a possible misconception but also points the way to a number of practical uses of buoyancy measurements that have not generally been recognized.
Miller, Bernard J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 267.
Liquids |
Physical Properties
|
A simple apparatus for maintaining low temperature Ansari, M. Shahid; Saleem, M.
The apparatus has provided fairly constant temperatures in the range of 265 - 140 K.
Ansari, M. Shahid; Saleem, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 180.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Saturation properties at a given temperature from cubic equations of state Aguirre-Ode, Fernando
99. Bits and pieces, 39. The advantage of cubic equations of state (EOS) lies in the fact that they can be solved analytically for the volume of a real gas when both the temperature and pressure are given.
Aguirre-Ode, Fernando J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 54.
Thermodynamics |
Physical Properties
|
The SHOP process: An example of industrial creativity Reuben, Bryan; Wittcoff, Harold
The Shell Higher Olefins Process is probably the most remarkable industrial chemical process to have been developed in the past decade; this article highlights the process.
Reuben, Bryan; Wittcoff, Harold J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 605.
Industrial Chemistry |
Surface Science |
Alcohols |
Polymerization |
Applications of Chemistry |
Fatty Acids
|
A simple demonstration of the activation energy concept Rocha-Filho, Romeu C.
A demonstration based on the high coefficient of thermal expansion of organic liquid substances.
Rocha-Filho, Romeu C. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 157.
Physical Properties
|
Organic lecture demonstrations Silversmith, Ernest F.
Organic chemistry may not be known for its spectacular, attention getting chemical reactions. Nevertheless, this author describes a few organic chemistry reactions that put points across and generate interest. This article provides a convenient sources of demonstrations and urges others to add to the collection. Demonstrations concerning: carbohydrates, spectroscopy, proteins, amines, carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, and much more.
Silversmith, Ernest F. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 70.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Acids / Bases |
Physical Properties |
Alkenes |
Stereochemistry |
Enantiomers |
Chirality / Optical Activity |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Alcohols
|
On the boiling points of the alkyl halides Correla, John
Most textbooks spend some time discussing the relationship between boiling point and molecular structure, however, their reasons behind this relationship differ. This variation among textbooks warrants further investigation and discussion in order to uncover which of the factors are the major contributors to the variation of boiling point.
Correla, John J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 62.
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Physical Properties |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
Musical molecular weights revisited Augustine, Frederick B.
A simple way of comparing the propagation of sound in two different gases.
Augustine, Frederick B. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 1053.
Gases |
Physical Properties
|
Color classification of coordination compounds Poncini, Laurence; Wimmer, Franz L.
Color classification of some yellow coordination compounds and a proposal that colored compounds be classified by reference to a standard color-order system incorporating a color dictionary.
Poncini, Laurence; Wimmer, Franz L. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 1001.
Coordination Compounds |
Physical Properties
|
Classroom demonstrations of polymer principles. Part II. Polymer formation Rodriguez, F.; Mathias, L. J.; Kroschwitz, J.; Carraher, C. E., Jr.
Photopolymerization of acrylamide, bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate, phenolic resins, and household adhesives and sealants.
Rodriguez, F.; Mathias, L. J.; Kroschwitz, J.; Carraher, C. E., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 886.
Polymerization
|
Expanded polystyrene: An experiment for undergraduate students Feigenbaum, Alexandre; Scholler, Denise
Two very simple procedures to produce expanded polystyrene.
Feigenbaum, Alexandre; Scholler, Denise J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 810.
Polymerization
|
Quantitative application of thin-layer chromatography in the analysis of organic compounds: Determining the molecular weights of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones and dicarboxylic acids Giuliano, Vincenzo; Rieck, John Paul
This simple, easy, and inexpensive method provides a good illustration of the importance of polarity on solubility and a unique demonstration of the effectiveness of TLC as a quantitative tool.
Giuliano, Vincenzo; Rieck, John Paul J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 625.
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Physical Properties |
Separation Science |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Classroom demonstrations of polymer principles. Part I. Molecular structure and molecular mass Rodriguez, F.; Mathias, L. J.; Kroschwitz, J.; Carraher, C. E., Jr.
Suggestions for models and techniques to illustrate the structure of polymers, copolymers, molecular mass, osmotic pressure, light scattering, and dilute solution viscosity.
Rodriguez, F.; Mathias, L. J.; Kroschwitz, J.; Carraher, C. E., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 72.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
|
Hazardous Chemicals, Information and Disposal Guide, Second Edition (Armour, Margaret-Ann) McKusick, Blaine C.
Properties, hazards, and handling of 220 common laboratory chemicals.
McKusick, Blaine C. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, A302.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
|
Microscale organic laboratory: III: A simple procedure for carrying out ultra-micro boiling point determinations Mayo, Dana W.; Pike, Ronald M.; Butcher, Samuel S.; Meredith, Marcia L.
Reproducible and reasonably accurate boiling points can be observed on 3-4 microliters of many liquids using a modified Wiegand procedure.
Mayo, Dana W.; Pike, Ronald M.; Butcher, Samuel S.; Meredith, Marcia L. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 1114.
Microscale Lab |
Physical Properties
|
Molecular size and Raoult's Law Kovac, Jeffrey
An additional cause for deviations from Raoult's Law that is rarely, if ever, mentioned in freshman chemistry texts.
Kovac, Jeffrey J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 1090.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents |
Gases
|
Molarity (atomic density) of the elements as pure crystals Pauling, Linus; Herman, Zelek S.
Comparisons of atomic densities as a function of periodicity.
Pauling, Linus; Herman, Zelek S. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 1086.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Physical Properties |
Covalent Bonding
|
A demonstration of the cuprammonium rayon process Kauffman, George B.; Karbassi, Mohammad
Generating rayon by dissolving cellulose in Schweizer's reagent.
Kauffman, George B.; Karbassi, Mohammad J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 878.
Polymerization
|
Synthesis and a simple molecular weight determination of polystyrene Armstrong, Daniel W.; Marx, John N.; Kyle, Don; Alak, Ala
Procedure for synthesizing styrene and determining its molecular weight using thin layer chromatography.
Armstrong, Daniel W.; Marx, John N.; Kyle, Don; Alak, Ala J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 705.
Synthesis |
Polymerization |
Chromatography
|
Chemical arithmetic on a pocket computer Pollet, Patrick L.
60. Bits and pieces, 23. Program produces an empirical formula and molecular weight given a line-type structural formula.
Pollet, Patrick L. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 413.
Physical Properties
|
An ionic model for metallic bonding Rioux, Frank
The tangent spheres approach, combined with several simplifying assumptions, enables one to calculate the lattice energy, the lattice constant and the density of metals.
Rioux, Frank J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 383.
Ionic Bonding |
Metallic Bonding |
Physical Properties
|
A quick method for determining the density of single crystals Roman, Pascual; Gutierrez-Zorrilla, Juan M.
Using the Archimedes method for the determination of the density of a single crystal of ammonium oxalate monohydrate.
Roman, Pascual; Gutierrez-Zorrilla, Juan M. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 167.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Physical Properties
|
Electric birefringence: A simple apparatus for determining physical parameters of macromolecules and colloids Trimm, Harold H.; Parslow, Kevin; Jennings, Barry R.
A simplified electric birefringence apparatus that can be used to measure both the dimensions and dipole moments of many macromolecules.
Trimm, Harold H.; Parslow, Kevin; Jennings, Barry R. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 1114.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Colloids |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
High impedance comparator for monitoring water resistivity Holewinski, Paul K.
Design of a high impedance comparator suitable for monitoring the resistivity of a deionized or distilled water feed line.
Holewinski, Paul K. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 1108.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
The dependence of strength in plastics upon polymer chain length and chain orientation, an experiment emphasizing the statistical handling and evaluation of data Spencer, R. Donald
Experiment to give students a practical understanding of how statistics can be applied to the evaluation of experimental results and greatly enhance the ability to solve scientific problems.
Spencer, R. Donald J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 555.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Chemometrics
|
Analysis of alcohols McCullough, Brother Thomas
Identifying unknown alcohols using boiling point and viscosity measurements.
McCullough, Brother Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 68.
Alcohols |
Physical Properties |
Qualitative Analysis
|
Single-pan balances, buoyancy, and gravity or "a mass of confusion" Battino, Rubin; Williamson, Arthur G.
Most manufacturers of balances either do not understand the idea of buoyancy corrections or believe them to be irrelevant.
Battino, Rubin; Williamson, Arthur G. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 51.
Physical Properties |
Instrumental Methods
|
Molecular association and structure of hydrogen peroxide Gigure, Paul A.
The typical textbook treatment of molecular association and structure of hydrogen peroxide, and the implications of these concepts for the physical properties of hydrogen peroxide tend to be oversimplified and inaccurate.
Gigure, Paul A. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 399.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Hydrogen Bonding
|
An effective demonstration of some properties of real vapors Metsger, D. Scott
The apparatus described in this article has been found by the authors to be the most effective in vividly illustrating the behavior of a nearly ideal gas to first year chemistry students.
Metsger, D. Scott J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 67.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Solids
|
APPLESEARCH - A mass spectral search system Traeger, John C.
32. Bits and pieces, 12.
Traeger, John C. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 779.
Mass Spectrometry |
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
Dispensing low-melting solids: Freezing point depression Hill, John W.
A solution for dispensing low-melting point solids.
Hill, John W. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 699.
Solids |
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
|
A convenient melting/freezing point depression apparatus Singman, Charles; Sophianopoulos, Judy; Johnson, Ronald
Incorporates an easily read digital thermometer.
Singman, Charles; Sophianopoulos, Judy; Johnson, Ronald J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 682.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
|
On the crosslinked structure of rubber: Classroom demonstration or experiment: A quantitative determination by swelling Sperling, L. H.; Michael, T. C.
Uses a rubber band to examine the crosslinked behavior of rubber.
Sperling, L. H.; Michael, T. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 651.
Applications of Chemistry |
Polymerization |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
Boiling points and small volumes: An apparatus and a method Leonard, Jack E.; Behelfer, Gary; Mohrmann, Leonard D.
The authors describe a convenient apparatus that can be used with thousands of students to perform qualitative analysis of organic substances using boiling points.
Leonard, Jack E.; Behelfer, Gary; Mohrmann, Leonard D. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 1029.
Qualitative Analysis |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
|
Preparation of solid derivatives by differential scanning calorimetry Crandall, E. W.; Pennington, Maxine
Derivatives of alcohols, amines, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, and haloalkanes are prepared and their phase transitions observed using a differential scanning calorimeter.
Crandall, E. W.; Pennington, Maxine J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 824.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Alcohols |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds |
Phenols |
Physical Properties |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
|
Dense, denser, densest Conroy, Lawrence E.
Iridium is more dense than osmium.
Conroy, Lawrence E. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 528.
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table
|
Competency-based modular experiments in polymer science and technology Pearce, Eli M.; Wright, Carl E.; Bordoloi, Binoy K.
15 modular experiments in polymer science are listed; one of these is presented in detail.
Pearce, Eli M.; Wright, Carl E.; Bordoloi, Binoy K. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 375.
Polymerization
|
Efficient use of the Kofler Heizbank melting point apparatus Brown, W. H.
Using of the Kofler Hotbench as a micro drying oven.
Brown, W. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 231.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Microscale Lab
|
BASIC program for calculation of diamagnetic susceptibilities using Pascal's constants Weller, Robert R.; Hatfield, William E.
Weller, Robert R.; Hatfield, William E. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 652.
Magnetic Properties |
Physical Properties
|
Polymer preparations in the laboratory Lampman, Gary M.; Ford, Doug W.; Hale, Wayne R.; Pinkers, Arthur; Sewell, Christopher G.
Some convenient procedures for preparing polymers that have been used in a course for industrial arts students.
Lampman, Gary M.; Ford, Doug W.; Hale, Wayne R.; Pinkers, Arthur; Sewell, Christopher G. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 626.
Polymerization |
Nonmajor Courses |
Industrial Chemistry
|
Polymer photophysics: A negative photoresist Bramwell, Fitzgerald B.; Zadjura, Richard E.; Stemp, Leo; Fahrenholtz, Susan R.; Flowers, John M.
A negative photoresist is formulated that consists of a solution of a photosensitive film-forming polymer or resin that is used to create the negative image of an object on a glass slide.
Bramwell, Fitzgerald B.; Zadjura, Richard E.; Stemp, Leo; Fahrenholtz, Susan R.; Flowers, John M. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 541.
Photochemistry |
Polymerization
|
A topical alkene preparation and oxidation Mitchell, Reginald H.; Hawkins, Blaine F.; West, Paul R.
Thermally depolymerizing polystyrene to styrene followed by an investigation of the properties of the flammable monomer produced.
Mitchell, Reginald H.; Hawkins, Blaine F.; West, Paul R. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 526.
Alkenes |
Synthesis |
Polymerization
|
Petroleum chemistry Kolb, Doris; Kolb, Kenneth E.
The history of petroleum chemistry.
Kolb, Doris; Kolb, Kenneth E. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 465.
Natural Products |
Geochemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Catalysis |
Polymerization
|
Improving the Nylon rope trick Bieber, Theodore I.
Suggestions for improving this classic demonstration and why they do so.
Bieber, Theodore I. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 409.
Polymerization
|
Ethylene: The organic chemical industry's most important building block Fernelius, Condrad W.; Wittcoff, Harold; Varnerin, Robert E.
The sources, chemistry, and industrial uses of ethylene.
Fernelius, Condrad W.; Wittcoff, Harold; Varnerin, Robert E. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 385.
Alkenes |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Polymerization
|
Acne lotion - Great for pimples and making polymers! May, Jeffrey
Benzoyl peroxide can easily be separated from acne lotion.
May, Jeffrey J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 239.
Polymerization |
Consumer Chemistry |
Separation Science
|
Chemical origins of color Orna, Mary Virginia
Color is one of the few disciplines that cuts across the boundaries of art, biology, physics, psychology, chemistry, geology, mineralogy, and many other fields. There is hardly an object or a substance in nature that is not colored and virtually every commercially marketed item today is either deliberately colored or de-colored.
Orna, Mary Virginia J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 478.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Physical Properties
|
Synthesis and characterization of vinyl pyridine styrene copolymers Morcellet, M.; Morcellet, J.; Delporte, M.; Estevez, J.
The number of experiments in polymer chemistry are rather limited for undergraduates. This note shares a synthesis and characterization in polymer chemistry.
Morcellet, M.; Morcellet, J.; Delporte, M.; Estevez, J. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 22.
Synthesis |
Polymerization
|
Gasoline vapor: An invisible pollutant Stephens, Edgar R.
An apparatus and procedure to demonstrate the substantial contribution vaporized gasoline makes to hydrocarbon pollution.
Stephens, Edgar R. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 682.
Physical Properties |
Gases |
Atmospheric Chemistry
|
Molecular weight determination of weak acids Wilson, Stephen A.; Weber, James H.
The use of virial equations for the calculation of molecular weights of weak acids from colligative property experiments.
Wilson, Stephen A.; Weber, James H. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 513.
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Acids / Bases |
pH
|
The Preparation of polyurethane foam: A lecture demonstration Dirreen, Glen E.; Shakhashiri, Bassam Z.
A polyurethane foam is produced by forming a polyurethane polymer concurrently with a gas evolution process.
Dirreen, Glen E.; Shakhashiri, Bassam Z. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 431.
Reactions |
Polymerization
|
The buoyant density of DNA and the G + C content Panijpan, Bhinyo
128. Explains the density difference between AT-rich and GC-rich DNA.
Panijpan, Bhinyo J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 172.
Physical Properties
|
A demonstration of polymer crosslinking and gel formation without heating Ross, Joseph H.
Produces an elastic gel at room temperature and provides an effective demonstration of gel properties to use in a discussion of lyophilic colloids.
Ross, Joseph H. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 110.
Polymerization |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Colloids
|
Experiments with butane lighter fluid Davenport, Derek A.
Non-disposable butane lighters make possible useful semi-quantitative experiments.
Davenport, Derek A. J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 306.
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Alkylation
|
Compact compacts Evilia, R. F.
The referenced method requires unrealistically accurate pH measurements to yield acceptable results.
Evilia, R. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 806.
pH |
Acids / Bases |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
|
The latent heat of vaporization of an organic solid: An undergraduate experiment Khouw, B. H.; Pritchard, H. O.
A series of experiments based on a mass spectrometer to help students visualize the latent heat of vaporization for a relatively involatile solid.
Khouw, B. H.; Pritchard, H. O. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 730.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Mass Spectrometry |
Gas Chromatography
|
A timesharing computer program for a general chemistry laboratory Cutler, Gary L.; Drum, Donald A.
Determining the heat of vaporization of a volatile substance from experimental data using timesharing techniques.
Cutler, Gary L.; Drum, Donald A. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 529.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
|
The nitric oxide dimer - Blue, with rectangular molecules? Mason, Joan
122. Confusion regarding the properties of the N2O2 dimer.
Mason, Joan J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 445.
Physical Properties
|
The commonness of the phenomenon of azeotropy Kurtyka, Zdzislaw M.
The opinion that azeotropy is a rarely encountered phenomenon is not justified and should be abandoned.
Kurtyka, Zdzislaw M. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 366.
Physical Properties
|
Phase changes of hexachloroethane Shavitz, Richard
A demonstration of the sublimation of hexachloroethane.
Shavitz, Richard J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 231.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
|
Polymerization as a model chain reaction Morton, Maurice
The building of long chain macromolecules offers the best opportunity for the study of chain reactions and the free radical mechanism.
Morton, Maurice J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 740.
Conferences |
Professional Development |
Polymerization |
Reactions |
Free Radicals |
Kinetics |
Mechanisms of Reactions
|
The measurement of wettability Pirie, Brian J. S.; Gregory, David W.
Provides a simple method for contact angle determinations.
Pirie, Brian J. S.; Gregory, David W. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 682.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Physical Properties
|
Determining the molecular weight of N-fatty acids by thin layer chromatography Singh, Eric J.; Zuspan, Frederick P.
Simple procedure for determining the molecular weight of N-fatty acids by thin layer chromatography.
Singh, Eric J.; Zuspan, Frederick P. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 625.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Chromatography |
Fatty Acids
|
Micro hot stage Klimis, Dorothy J.; Tibbetts, Donald L.
A micro hot stage for determining the melting points of very small quantities.
Klimis, Dorothy J.; Tibbetts, Donald L. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 576.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Microscale Lab
|
The preparation of "Bouncing Putty." An undergraduate experiment in silicone chemistry Armitage, D. A.; Hughes, M. N.; Sinden, A. W.
Describes a method for preparing bouncing putty.
Armitage, D. A.; Hughes, M. N.; Sinden, A. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 434.
Polymerization
|
Coordination compound analysis program Miller, Joel S.; Goedde, Andreas O.
A Fortran IV program has been developed in order to simplify the calculation of the molecular weight, formula, and elemental percentages of organic and especially coordination compounds.
Miller, Joel S.; Goedde, Andreas O. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 431.
Coordination Compounds |
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
Diphenyl ether. A versatile substance for laboratory demonstrations Cases, Jaime C.
The purification, properties, and uses of diphenyl ether in a variety of demonstrations.
Cases, Jaime C. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 420.
Ethers |
Solid State Chemistry |
Physical Properties |
Aromatic Compounds
|
Critical temperature of elements and the periodic system Horvath, A. L.
Presents the critical temperatures of the elements and relates this to their position in the periodic table.
Horvath, A. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 335.
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Nonmetals |
Metals |
Physical Properties
|
Molecular weight determination of aldehydes and ketones. A quantitative organic experiment Steinhaus, Ralph K.
The reaction between semicarbazide and an unknown ketone is used to determine molecular weight.
Steinhaus, Ralph K. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 293.
Physical Properties |
Quantitative Analysis |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Selected properties of selected solvents Nilles, George P.; Schuetz, Robert D.
Selected properties of fifty common solvents.
Nilles, George P.; Schuetz, Robert D. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 267.
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents
|
Lecture demonstration of a phase transition in a solid Kennedy, John H.; Chen, Fred
The solid-solid phase transition between two different allotropes of silver iodide.
Kennedy, John H.; Chen, Fred J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 109.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Solids |
Physical Properties
|
Non-conventional photochemical imaging processes Sahyun, M. R. V.
Considers the history and development of non-conventional photochemical imaging processes as well as the mechanisms of the photochemical formation of dyes, photochromism, and photopolymerization.
Sahyun, M. R. V. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 88.
Photochemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Applications of Chemistry |
Polymerization
|
Rapid calculation of molecular formulas from mass values Lederberg, Joshua
Presents a table of mass fractions for all combinations of H, N, O, for the rapid calculation of molecular formulas from mass values.
Lederberg, Joshua J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 613.
Chemometrics |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Mass Spectrometry
|
A simple, effective demonstration of magnetic properties of materials Burke, John A., Jr.
A simple demonstration of diamagnetism that requires only a magnet of a few kilogauss in strength.
Burke, John A., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 568.
Magnetic Properties |
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Transition Elements
|
A modified Rast method for molecular weights Wawzonek, Stanley
Avoiding problems associated with the Rast method for determining molecular weights.
Wawzonek, Stanley J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 399.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
|
Reactivity ratios from copolymerization kinetics. A quantitative gas-liquid chromatography experiment Mukatis, W. A.; Ohl, Temple
Gas-liquid chromatography is used to follow the rate of disappearance of two monomers as they polymerize.
Mukatis, W. A.; Ohl, Temple J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 367.
Chromatography |
Gas Chromatography |
Polymerization |
Kinetics |
Rate Law
|
Density gradients in chemistry teaching Miller, P. J.
Outlines experiments in which a density gradient may be used to advantage, including the analysis of organic compounds, aqueous solutions, binary mixtures of organic compounds, solids, and solvent extractions.
Miller, P. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 278.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solids |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents
|
The cyclodehydrogenation of azobenzene. A photochemical experiment for an undergraduate organic course Evans, Russell F.
A photochemical experiment for an undergraduate organic course is described here.
Evans, Russell F. J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 768.
Physical Properties
|
Acid hydrolysis of nylon 66 Berkowitz, W. F.
Presents a procedure for the hydrolysis of nylon 66.
Berkowitz, W. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 536.
Polymerization |
Synthesis
|
An introduction to principles of the solid state Weller, Paul F.
One basic analogy is used to consider electrical conductivity; variations in conductivity between metals, semiconductors, and insulators; and conductivity temperature dependencies.
Weller, Paul F. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 501.
Solid State Chemistry |
Metals |
Semiconductors |
Physical Properties
|
Approximate boiling points of submilligram samples McCullough, Thomas; Braun, Werner H.; Reidinger, Philip A.
The lower limit of the capillary tube method for determining the boiling point of a small liquid sample can be extended to even smaller samples by using a U-shaped capillary.
McCullough, Thomas; Braun, Werner H.; Reidinger, Philip A. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 57.
Microscale Lab |
Physical Properties
|
An attachment for semiautomatic melting point determination Vogel, George
This simple yet rugged device notifies the experimenter when a small crystalline sample in a capillary tube first begins to melt.
Vogel, George J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 789.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
|
Purification of low-melting compounds Kaye, Irving Allan
Presents a procedure that addresses difficulties to purification by recrystallization caused by the tendency of some low-melting compounds to precipitate from solution as oils.
Kaye, Irving Allan J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 696.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Separation Science |
Crystals / Crystallography |
Solutions / Solvents |
Laboratory Management |
Precipitation / Solubility
|
Basic organic laboratory techniques and problem solving: The nitration of 4-nitrophenol Pearson, Robert E.
The experiment described requires application of melting point data and the technique of recrystallization to identify the product of a simple chemical reaction.
Pearson, Robert E. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 692.
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Qualitative Analysis |
Phenols
|
Molecular weight distributions of polymers Rudin, A.
Examines different mathematic representations for the molecular weight of polymers.
Rudin, A. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 595.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Chemometrics
|
Taking the peel out of paint Myers, Raymond R.
Prepolymerization and heating has helped to reduce the peeling of paint.
Myers, Raymond R. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 173.
Polymerization |
Consumer Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Kinetics of condensation polymerization: Preparation of a polyester McCaffery, Edward L.
This experiment involves determining the reaction-rate constant for a condensation polymerization.
McCaffery, Edward L. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 59.
Kinetics |
Polymerization |
Synthesis |
Esters |
Rate Law
|
Boron and silicon. B. Silicon Alyea, Hubert N.
Demonstrations include selective wetting and the resistance of silicone rubber to heat and cold.
Alyea, Hubert N. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, A225.
Physical Properties
|
Apparatus for determining vapor density Uglum, K. L.; Carson, L. M.; Riley, R. V.
Presents a simplified vapor-density experiment suitable for use as a freshman demonstration or an undergraduate physical chemistry experiment.
Uglum, K. L.; Carson, L. M.; Riley, R. V. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 203.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
|
A simple vacuum apparatus for lecture experiments Peterson, L. K.; Ruddy, F. H.
Describes a simple vacuum apparatus and examples of its use in lecture situations.
Peterson, L. K.; Ruddy, F. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 742.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Liquids |
Physical Properties |
Transport Properties |
Stoichiometry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
|
Computer simulation of experimental data Shwendeman, R. H.
This note describes some of the techniques in programming used to generate a sufficient variety of experimental data to provide each student with his own set of numbers for analysis in conjunction with the demonstration laboratory.
Shwendeman, R. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 665.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Gas Chromatography
|
A bonding parameter and its application to chemistry Elson, Jesse
In this study, single bond dissociation energies are combined with the associated bond distances to yield additional information about chemical bonding.
Elson, Jesse J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 564.
Covalent Bonding |
Physical Properties
|
An apparatus for large-scale sublimation Walter, Robert I.
Presents an apparatus that is faster than the standard cold-finger type apparatus for vacuum sublimation.
Walter, Robert I. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 538.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
|
A wing top water spreader Montecalvo, Donald F.; Jacques, Donald F.
Short note on a simple device to increase the efficiency of the condensate collecting flask on a Buchler Rotary Evaporator.
Montecalvo, Donald F.; Jacques, Donald F. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 479.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
|
A simple and accurate dilatometer for liquids Wagner, Robert E.; Meyer, Edwin F.
The density of a liquid as a function of temperature may be readily measured using this dilatometer.
Wagner, Robert E.; Meyer, Edwin F. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 349.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Liquids |
Physical Properties
|
Simple construction to determine protein molecular weights by the osmotic pressure method Candlish, John K.
This short note presents a simple device to determine protein molecular weights through osmotic pressure.
Candlish, John K. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 93.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Proteins / Peptides |
Physical Properties
|
Microboiling point determination at atmospheric pressure Chaco, M. C.
This microboiling point determination uses a melting-point capillary
Chaco, M. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 474.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Microscale Lab |
Physical Properties
|
A dimensional analysis of magnetic susceptibility calculations Abeles, Tom P.; Bos, William C.
Develops a practical set of definitions for treating magnetic phenomena.
Abeles, Tom P.; Bos, William C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 438.
Magnetic Properties |
Physical Properties
|
Refractive indices of some carbon compounds as a function of temperature George, Steven W.; Campbell, J. Arthur
A short description and table of refractive indices of some carbon compounds as a function of temperature.
George, Steven W.; Campbell, J. Arthur J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 393.
Physical Properties
|
Preparation of terephthaloyl chloride: Prelude to ersatz Nylon Rose, Norman C.
Describes the preparation of terephthaloyl chloride, from which nylon may be generated.
Rose, Norman C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 283.
Synthesis |
Polymerization
|
Preparation and crosslinking of an unsaturated polyester: An organic chemistry experiment Stevens, M. P.
Unsaturated polyesters are ideally suited for introducing students to polymer chemistry in the laboratory because they are easy to prepare, the use both condensation and addition polymerization, and they serve to demonstrate the techniques involved in preparing the most widely used polymers.
Stevens, M. P. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 160.
Polymerization |
Esters
|
The chemistry of tetrasulfur tetranitride Allen, Christopher W.
The chemistry of sulfur-nitrogen compounds has several features of interest and importance: stability of the sulfur-nitrogen bond, tendency to form six- and eight-membered rings, ring contraction, polymerization, and negative ion formation.
Allen, Christopher W. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 38.
Covalent Bonding |
Polymerization
|
States of matter (Continued). D. Solid state Owens, Charles; Klug, Evangeline B; Wnukowski, Lucian J.; Cooper, Edwin H.; Klug, Evangeline B.; Jackman, Kenneth; Alyea, Hubert N.; Young, James A.
Demonstrations include writing with alum crystals, the rate of crystallization and crystal size, purification by crystallization, growing salol crystals in a polarizer, growing crystal blossoms, the melting point of eutectic (salol + benzophenone) and butectic (p-toluidine + a-naphthol), sublimation of organic substances (methyl oxalate), and the pseudo-sublimation of naphthalene.
Owens, Charles; Klug, Evangeline B; Wnukowski, Lucian J.; Cooper, Edwin H.; Klug, Evangeline B.; Jackman, Kenneth; Alyea, Hubert N.; Young, James A. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, A241.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Solids
|
The indirect determination of the heat capacity, Cp, of a liquid Gill, S. J.; West, Earl M.
The use of a Maxwell relation permits the substitution of an experimentally accessible partial derivative for an experimentally difficult derivative without making any heat measurements.
Gill, S. J.; West, Earl M. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 557.
Physical Properties
|
Manometric apparatus for vapor and solution studies Taha, Ahmed A.; Grigsby, Ronald D.; Johnson, James R.; Christian, Sherril D.; Affsprung, Harold E.
Presents a device that can be sued to obtain vapor density and PVT measurements, vapor pressures of solutions and liquids, dew-point pressures and compositions, solubilities of gases in liquids, solubilities of slightly-miscible liquids, equilibrium constants for association reactions in solutions, interactions of vapors and gases with solids, and gas and vapor viscosities.
Taha, Ahmed A.; Grigsby, Ronald D.; Johnson, James R.; Christian, Sherril D.; Affsprung, Harold E. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 432.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents |
Gases |
Liquids |
Solids
|
The structure and properties of materials. Volume 1, Structure (Moffat, William G.; Pearsall, George W.; Wulff, John) Livingston, Robert L.
Livingston, Robert L. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, A832.
Materials Science |
Physical Properties
|
Melting point depression Di Pippo', Ascanio G.; Joseph, Miriam
The eutectic temperature of the piperonal / resorcinol system is well below room temperature.
Di Pippo', Ascanio G.; Joseph, Miriam J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, A413.
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
|
Melting point apparatus Brown, Richard K.
Describes a simple melting point apparatus that relies on a soldering iron element for heat.
Brown, Richard K. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 433.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
|
The effect of structure on chemical and physical properties of polymers Price, Charles C.
Suggests using polymers to teach the effect of changes in structure on chemical reactivity, the effect of structure on physical properties, the role of catalysts, and the basic principles of a chain reaction mechanism.
Price, Charles C. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 13.
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Polymerization |
Kinetics |
Reactions |
Catalysis |
Mechanisms of Reactions
|
Editor's note: "The nylon rope trick" Morgan, Paul W.
Describes the popularity of the nylon rope trick.
Morgan, Paul W. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 12.
Polymerization
|
Polymer synthesis in the undergraduate organic laboratory Sorenson, Wayne R.
Presents a series of experiments on polymer synthesis for the undergraduate organic laboratory.
Sorenson, Wayne R. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 8.
Synthesis |
Polymerization |
Reactions |
Mechanisms of Reactions
|
Melting point tables of organic compounds (Utermark, Walter; Schicke, Walter) Reinheimer, John D.
Reinheimer, John D. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, A590.
Physical Properties
|
Letters Gates, Henry S.
Brings the reader's attention to work done by Petit and Dulong in revising a large number of atomic weights in order to bring all of their reported atomic heat capacities into agreement with the hypothesis that atomic heat capacity is the same for all elements.
Gates, Henry S. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 575.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
|
A constant-level oil-bath melting point apparatus Powell, H. B.; Mellon, E. K., Jr.; Burow, D. F.
Presents a modification of the Theile-Denis melting point apparatus.
Powell, H. B.; Mellon, E. K., Jr.; Burow, D. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 345.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
|
Density measurements with a magnetically controlled float Cartan, F.
Presents suggestions for investigations to accompany and earlier published article.
Cartan, F. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, A538.
Physical Properties |
Magnetic Properties
|
PolystyreneA multistep synthesis Wilen, S. H.
Suggestions for research to accompany a previously published article.
Wilen, S. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, A463.
Undergraduate Research |
Reactions |
Polymerization |
Synthesis
|
Semimicro modification of the Rast method for determining molecular weights Cowles, E. J.; Pike, M. T.
Describes a semimicro modification of the Rast method for determining molecular weights that eliminates some of the drawbacks of some usual methods.
Cowles, E. J.; Pike, M. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 422.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Microscale Lab
|
The physical and chemical character of graphite Tee, Peter A. H.; Tonge, Brian L.
Examines the physical and chemical character of graphite, its occurrence and manufacture, and uses and future applications.
Tee, Peter A. H.; Tonge, Brian L. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 117.
Physical Properties
|
Boiling point and molecular weight Rich, Ronald
This short note points out that molecular weight, by itself, has negligible influence on boiling point.
Rich, Ronald J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 454.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
|
PolystyreneA multistep synthesis: For the undergraduate organic chemistry laboratory Wilen, Samuel H.; Kremer, Chester B.; Waltcher, Irving
Describes a multistep synthesis in which polystyrene is synthesized from benzene.
Wilen, Samuel H.; Kremer, Chester B.; Waltcher, Irving J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 304.
Polymerization |
Synthesis
|
The law of Dulong and Petit Fitzgerel, Robert K.; Verhoek, Frank H.
In 1819, Dulong and Petit found that when the atomic weight of an element was multiplied by its specific heat, the number obtained was approximately the same for all elements.
Fitzgerel, Robert K.; Verhoek, Frank H. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 545.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Periodicity / Periodic Table
|
Letters to the editor Lambert, Frank L.
The author calls attention to polymer models.
Lambert, Frank L. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 490.
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Polymerization
|
An aid to weighing by swings Stock, John T.; Fill, M. A.
To get maximum balance performance, weighing must be done by the method of swings; presented here is an electromagnetic device to facilitate controlled swings.
Stock, John T.; Fill, M. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 366.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
|
Temperature change demonstration with selsyns Estok, George K.
Describes an apparatus designed to show qualitative temperature changes to a large lecture class.
Estok, George K. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 303.
Physical Properties
|
A separation and identification experiment for elementary organic chemistry laboratory Laughton, Paul M.
The student selects a test tube containing two unknowns and is told only that they have been selected from two of three possible groups: a primary or tertiary amine, an aldehyde or ketone, and an acid or phenol. The components are to be separated, their physical properties determined, their categories assigned, and one specific derivative prepared for each.
Laughton, Paul M. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 133.
Separation Science |
Qualitative Analysis |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Acids / Bases |
Phenols |
Physical Properties |
Synthesis
|
Inexpensive and convenient method for powdering solids for melting point determinations Pinkus, A. G; Waldrop, P. G.
Recently a new mulling technique for preparing samples for infrared spectra was reported which makes use of ground glass plates.
Pinkus, A. G; Waldrop, P. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 618.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solids |
Physical Properties
|
Letters to the editor Morgan, Paul W.; Kwolek, Stephanie L.
Offers modifications to "The Nylon Rope Trick."
Morgan, Paul W.; Kwolek, Stephanie L. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 530.
Polymerization
|
The nylon rope trick: Demonstration of condensation polymerization Morgan, Paul W.; Kwolek, Stephanie L.
Describes the chemistry and variations of the classic polymerization demonstration.
Morgan, Paul W.; Kwolek, Stephanie L. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 182.
Polymerization
|
Laboratory preparation of cellophane Miller, Meredith
Offers a simplified procedure suitable for the preparation of cellophane for small-scale classroom demonstration purposes.
Miller, Meredith J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 517.
Synthesis |
Polymerization
|
Anionic polymerization of vinyl monomers: A demonstration Zilkha, Albert; Albeck, Michael; Frankel, Max
Describes experiments on the polymerization of styrene using butyl lithium as a catalyst by an anionic mechanism.
Zilkha, Albert; Albeck, Michael; Frankel, Max J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 345.
Polymerization |
Catalysis
|
Polymerization of ethylene at atmospheric pressure: A demonstration using a "Ziegler" type catalyst Zilkha, Albert; Calderon, Nissim; Rabani, Joseph; Frankel, Max
A simple experiment on the polymerization of ethylene at atmospheric pressure is described using a "Ziegler" type catalyst prepared from amyl lithium and titanium tetrachloride.
Zilkha, Albert; Calderon, Nissim; Rabani, Joseph; Frankel, Max J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 344.
Polymerization |
Reactions |
Catalysis |
Alkenes
|
The solubility product constant for copper iodate: An experiment Peterson, B. H.
Copper iodate is a salt of moderate solubility, and a titrimetric analysis of an aliquot portion of saturated solution provides the data necessary for the calculation of the solubility product.
Peterson, B. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 612.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Physical Properties |
Qualitative Analysis
|
An apparatus for the microdetermination of melting points Jennings, Walter G.
Presents a microscope-mounted melting point apparatus constructed from a machined aluminum block.
Jennings, Walter G. J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 95.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Microscale Lab
|
A nomograph for correction of boiling points Myers, R. Thomas
Provides a nomograph for the correction of boiling points at elevations above sea level.
Myers, R. Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 58.
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
|
Hydrogen bonding and physical properties of substances Ferguson, Lloyd N.
Physical properties influenced by hydrogen bonding considered in this paper include transition temperatures, vapor pressure, water solubility, the ionization of carboxylic acids, stereoisomerism, adsorption, and infrared spectra.
Ferguson, Lloyd N. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 267.
Hydrogen Bonding |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Physical Properties |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Carboxylic Acids |
Stereochemistry |
IR Spectroscopy
|
Low-temperature polymerization: A laboratory demonstration Jenkins, L. T.
This demonstration illustrates the use of a low-temperature redox system for suspension polymerization of various monomers.
Jenkins, L. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 231.
Polymerization
|
Semimicro cryoscopic molecular-weight determinations Pinkus, A. G.; Barron, B. G.
These suggestions eliminate two sources of difficulty encountered by students in carrying out cryoscopic (Rast) molecular-weight determinations.
Pinkus, A. G.; Barron, B. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 138.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
A simple melting-point apparatus Gero, Alexander
The melting-point apparatus described in this paper is distinguished by extreme simplicity of construction and negligible cost.
Gero, Alexander J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 645.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
|
Linear polymerization and synthetic fibers Moncrieff, Robert W.
Examines early research in polymers, the synthesis of polyesters and polyamides, the polymerization of hydrocarbons, and condensation and addition polymerization.
Moncrieff, Robert W. J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 233.
Polymerization
|
The allotropy of sulfur: A demonstration Butler, S. B.
Demonstrates that the allotropic forms of sulfur have different physical properties.
Butler, S. B. J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 187.
Physical Properties
|
A cheap hot stage Kiplinger, C. C.
Describes an inexpensive air bath and its use in melting point determinations.
Kiplinger, C. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 33.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
|
Lecture demonstrations with silicones Spalding, David P.
Offers a series of demonstrations designed to illustrate some of the basic properties of the silicones that make them unusual substances, including their resistance to high and low temperatures, unusual surface properties, and chemical inertness.
Spalding, David P. J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 288.
Polymerization
|
The mechanisms of the reactions of aliphatic hydrocarbons Schmerling, Louis
Examines the formation of carbonium ions and free radicals, the polymerization of olefins, hydrogen-halogen exchange, the condensation of haloalkanes with alkenes, the alkylation of paraffins, the condensation of paraffins with chloroolefins, the cracking of paraffins and olefins, and the isomerization of paraffins.
Schmerling, Louis J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 562.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Free Radicals |
Polymerization
|
A rapid method for routine checking of melting points Hughes, Virgil E.
Offers a device and procedure for checking the melting points of ten samples simultaneously.
Hughes, Virgil E. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 479.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
An improved melting point apparatus Nickels, J. E.
Describes an improved form of the Hershberg precision melting point apparatus.
Nickels, J. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 303.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
|
A method of estimating the boiling points of organic liquids Pearson, D. E.
Discusses the relationship between the molecular structure of organic liquids and their boiling point.
Pearson, D. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 60.
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
Amorphous antimony. A lecture demonstration in allotropy Fraden, J. H.
Describes the four allotropes of antimony and an apparatus for demonstrating them to a lecture audience.
Fraden, J. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 34.
Physical Properties
|
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