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Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Conductivity of carboxylic acids, pH of acetic acid derivatives, hydrophobic effect, and soap emulsions of hydrocarbons are demonstrated.
Application of ChemDraw NMR Tool: Correlation of Program-Generated 13C Chemical Shifts and pKa Values of para-Substituted Benzoic AcidsHongyi Wang An application of ChemDraw NMR Tool was demonstrated by correlation of program-generated 13C NMR chemical shifts and pKa values of para-substituted benzoic acids. Experimental 13C NMR chemical shifts were analyzed in the same way for comparison. The project can be used as an assignment at the end of the first-year organic chemistry course to review topics or explore new techniques: Hammett equation, acidbase equilibrium theory, electronic nature of functional groups, inductive and resonance effects, structurereactivity relationship, NMR spectroscopy, literature search, database search, and ChemDraw software. Wang, Hongyi. J. Chem. Educ.2005, 82, 1340.
Acids / Bases |
Equilibrium |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Carboxylic Acids
Preparation and Identification of Benzoic Acids and Benzamides: An Organic "Unknown" LabDouglass F. Taber, Jade D. Nelson, and John P. Northrop The reaction of an unknown substituted benzene derivative with oxalyl chloride and aluminum chloride gives the acid chloride. Hydrolysis of the acid chloride gives the acid, and reaction of the acid with concentrated aqueous ammonia gives the benzamide. The equivalent weight of the acid can be determined by titration; given this information and the melting points of the acid and the benzamide, it is possible to deduce the structure of the initial unknown. Taber, Douglass F.; Nelson, Jade D.; Northrop, John P. J. Chem. Educ.1999, 76, 828.
Qualitative Analysis |
Aromatic Compounds |
Carboxylic Acids
Illustrating the inductive effect on acid strength of carboxylic acidsKolb, Kenneth E.; Kolb, Doris The effect of various substituents on acid strength can be easily demonstrated using aqueous solutions of various carboxylic acids containing a suitable indicator. Kolb, Kenneth E.; Kolb, Doris J. Chem. Educ.1989, 66, 1034.
