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Structures and Conformations Molecular models are used to demonstrate the conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes.
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Stereochemistry
Aromatic Compounds A molecular model of benzene, the reactions of bromine with cylohexane, cyclohexene, benzene, phenol, and toluene, the effect of substituents and number of methyl groups on the electron density of aromatic rings, and chlorination reactions of methyl benzenes are demonstrated.
Aromatic Compounds
Phenols and Quinones Ferric chloride test for phenols, nitration of acetaminophen, extraction of dichloroindophenol, oxidation of phenols with sodium periodate, nucleophilic addition to quinones, "purple benzene", oxidation of 2,6-Dit-butlhydoquinone, decolorization of crystal violet, and chameleon emulsion are demonstrated.
Assessing Nitration Products of Benzene Derivatives Using TLC AnalysisRita K. Hessley Thin layer chromatography is applied to an earlier published, guided discovery experiment using GCMS analyses to identify isomers formed by the nitration of mono-substituted benzenes. Hessley, Rita K. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1623.
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Gas Chromatography |
Mass Spectrometry |
Aromatic Compounds
A More Challenging Interpretative Nitration Experiment Employing Substituted Benzoic Acids and AcetanilidesEdward M. Treadwell and Tung-Yin Lin An experiment is described involving the nitration of ortho or meta, monosubstituted benzoic acids and monochlorinated acetanilides with nitric acid to evaluate the regioselectivity of addition through computational methods and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Treadwell, Edward M.; Lin, Tung-Yin. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1541.
Aromatic Compounds |
Computational Chemistry |
Electrophilic Substitution |
Molecular Modeling |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Synthesis
BiphenylJay A. Young Safe handling and laboratory use of biphenyl are discussed. Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1486.