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Vapor Pressure: Drinking Bird A novelty store "Drinking Bird" repeatedly dips is beak into a beaker of water and then bobs back to an upright position. Visible movement of a liquid in the bird's body accompanies the bobbing; the movement is caused by changing vapor pressure of the liquid due to different temperatures at the bird's head and the bird's body.
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Boiling by Cooling A flask contains water and water vapor at 100C. Each time ice water is poured over the outside of the flask, the water inside the flask boils. Although the temperature of the water in the flask has decreased, in each instance boiling is observed.
Gases |
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Vapor Pressure: Molecular Size The measurement of pressure exerted by a vapor is demonstrated using barometers. Vapor pressure varies with the strength of the intermolecular forces in the liquid.
Fog Machines, Vapors, and Phase DiagramsEd Vitz This series of demonstrations elucidate the operation of commercial fog machines using common laboratory materials and can be adapted for elementary through tertiary levels. The formation of fogs is discussed in terms of the phase diagram for water and other chemical principles. Vitz, Ed. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1385.
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
Employing Popular Children's Literature To Teach Elementary School Chemistry: An Engaging Outreach ProgramLaura M. Wally, Nancy E. Levinger, and David W. Grainger The program described here uses current children's literature in a versatile chemical education activity that generates excitement in elementary school students because of the integration of the popular Harry Potter literature series with hands-on experiments. Wally, Laura M.; Levinger, Nancy E.; Grainger, David W. J. Chem. Educ.2005, 82, 1489.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Gases |
Learning Theories |
Liquids |
Solids
Visual Experiments Supporting Four Basic Concepts in ChemistryFrançois Saint-Antonin Demonstrations illustrating four principles of chemistry (dissolution, transport, reaction, and energy changes). Saint-Antonin, François. J. Chem. Educ.2003, 80, 288.
States of Matter A collection of activities that explore basic concepts dealing with states of matter. They are written for the 4-6th grade level.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Solids |
Liquids |
Gases
Cool It and Pool It In this activity, students compare a cup of water at room temperature to a cup of ice. The cup of ice becomes wet on the outside as water in the air condenses on its surface.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Frosty the Snowcan In this activity, the water vapor in the air condenses on the outside of the cold can. This makes the water vapor change state from a gas to a liquid. But, if the can is very cold, some of the water changes state from a liquid to a solid (ice). ,
