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Solids-Liquids Reactions and demonstrations exploring the properties of solids and liquids.
Solids |
Liquids
Scattering and Absorption of Light The effects of passing light through a colloidal suspension of milk in water and through a solution of copper sulfate are shown.
Colloids |
Physical Properties |
Liquids
Viscosity of Liquids The viscosities of water, 2-propanol (rubbing alcohol), ethylene glycol (antifreeze) and vegetable oil are compared. The viscosities of water, hexane, octane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and 1-pentanol are measured.
Fog Machines, Vapors, and Phase DiagramsEd Vitz This series of demonstrations elucidate the operation of commercial fog machines using common laboratory materials and can be adapted for elementary through tertiary levels. The formation of fogs is discussed in terms of the phase diagram for water and other chemical principles. Vitz, Ed. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1385.
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
Employing Popular Children's Literature To Teach Elementary School Chemistry: An Engaging Outreach ProgramLaura M. Wally, Nancy E. Levinger, and David W. Grainger The program described here uses current children's literature in a versatile chemical education activity that generates excitement in elementary school students because of the integration of the popular Harry Potter literature series with hands-on experiments. Wally, Laura M.; Levinger, Nancy E.; Grainger, David W. J. Chem. Educ.2005, 82, 1489.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Gases |
Learning Theories |
Liquids |
Solids
Visual Experiments Supporting Four Basic Concepts in ChemistryFrançois Saint-Antonin Demonstrations illustrating four principles of chemistry (dissolution, transport, reaction, and energy changes). Saint-Antonin, François. J. Chem. Educ.2003, 80, 288.
Floating Fluids In 'Floating Fluids' students investigate the density of various liquids. While students are likely familiar with solids floating in liquids, they may have less experience with one liquid floating on another. If two liquids are insoluble in each other, and are of different densities, one will float in a layer atop the other.
Physical Properties |
Liquids
Full of Hot Air An empty bottle has its cap removed. The rim of the mouth is moistened, and the cap is placed upside down on the mouth. The bottle is placed in a container of hot water. The cap jiggles and then falls off. ,Just because the bottle looks empty doesn't mean that it is empty. The bottle actually contains air which is made up of different gases. When the bottle is placed in the hot tap water, the heat energy makes the gases in the air expand. The air expands in all directions and pushes against the inside of the bottle, knocking the lid off.
Gases |
Liquids |
Physical Properties
Heat Up and Cool Down When heat makes the particles of a substance speed up and spread out, the substance takes up more room. If a substance stays the same weight but takes up more room, it is less dense. In this activity students investigate if less dense hot water floats or sinks in more dense cold water.
