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Stuffed Derivatives of Close-Packed StructuresBodie E. Douglas Examines a variety of stuffed silica crystal structures in terms of the close-packing of one set of atoms or ions (P sites) with other atoms or ions in tetrahedral (T) or octahedral (O) sites and filled or partially filled layers in the regular pattern, PTOT. Douglas, Bodie E. J. Chem. Educ.2007, 84, 1846.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Group Theory / Symmetry |
Materials Science |
Metals |
Solid State Chemistry |
Solids
Demonstrating Void Space in Solids: A Simple Demonstration To Challenge a Powerful MisconceptionMary Whitfield The concept of bridging analogies is used in a simple demonstration to illustrate the substantial quantity of empty space that remains when solid spheres are packed together. The same demonstration also shows that the percentage of empty space is independent of particle size. Whitfield, Mary. J. Chem. Educ.2006, 83, 749.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Materials Science |
Solids
Self-Assembled Colloidal Crystals: Visualizing Atomic Crystal Chemistry Using Microscopic Analogues of Inorganic SolidsNeal M. Abrams and Raymond E. Schaak Monodisperse spherical colloids spontaneously crystallize into close-packed crystals, in analogy to the simple crystal structures of many of the elements. Since colloids are orders of magnitude larger than atoms, students can directly observe crystal structure and behavior in a microscope using colloidal crystals. This laboratory exercise provides a modular series of materials science experiments appropriate for undergraduate chemistry and engineering majors. The individual modules include aspects of chemical synthesis (monodisperse SiO2 and polymer spheres), self-assembly (colloidal crystallization), and structural characterization through microscopy (optical and scanning electron microscopies) and optical spectroscopy (optical diffraction and UVvisible spectroscopy). Abrams, Neal M.; Schaak, Raymond E. J. Chem. Educ.2005, 82, 450.
Close Packing of Layers of SpheresWilliam F. Coleman An animation of the close packing of layers of spheres. In this version, clicking on text links adds the second and third layers, with two options for the third layer. After both ways of adding the third layer have been explored the user has an option to go to a second version that has no text but rather allows the user to drag the layers over one another.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Solids |
Enrichment / Review Materials
Radius RatioWilliam F. Coleman This is a set of animations that demonstrates properties of the spherical holes formed when uniform spheres are packed. Cubic, octahedral and tetrahedral packing arrangements may be examined without anything in the holes,and with the repective holes filled. The sizes of the various holes relative to the spheres being packed are shown, which can lead students into an exploration of the radius ratio concept. An example is given of computing the relative size of an octahedral hole.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Ionic Bonding |
Solids |
Enrichment / Review Materials
SolidsEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
