19.5. What Are Phosphoric Anhydrides and Phosphoric Esters?, 509
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Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives Conductivity of carboxylic acids, pH of acetic acid derivatives, hydrophobic effect, and soap emulsions of hydrocarbons are demonstrated.
The Comparative Nucleophilicity of Naphthoxide Derivatives in Reactions with a Fast-Red TR DyeCheryl M. Mascarenhas In this experiment, organic chemistry students perform reactions between three naphthyl acetate derivatives and the diazonium salt Fast-Red TR. Students discover under what conditions the hydrolysis and electrophilic aromatic substitution is fastest and slowest, allowing them to conclude that latter, rather than the former, is rate-limiting. Mascarenhas, Cheryl M. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1271.
Alcohols |
Aromatic Compounds |
Dyes / Pigments |
Esters |
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Synthesis |
Thin Layer Chromatography |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
A Guided-Inquiry Approach to the Sodium Borohydride Reduction and Grignard Reaction of Carbonyl CompoundsRobert E. Rosenberg Students teams identify unknowns and their reaction products and use their data to deduce that esters are less electrophilic than the other carbonyl compounds present, that Grignard reagents are more nucleophilic than sodium borohydride, and that carboxylic acid derivatives do not undergo the nucleophilic addition reactions that are characteristic of aldehydes and ketones. Rosenberg, Robert E. J. Chem. Educ.2007, 84, 1474.
Addition Reactions |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Esters |
Grignard Reagents |
IR Spectroscopy |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Reactions |
Student-Centered Learning
Weak Acid pKa Determination Using Capillary Zone ElectrophoresisMike Solow In this experiment, students use capillary zone electrophoresis to determine the effective mobility of benzoic acid at two different hydrogen ion concentrations. A plot of these data yields the pKa of benzoic acid. Solow, Mike. J. Chem. Educ.2006, 83, 1194.
