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Entropy These processes are shown in reverse. The situations shown are so highly improbable that we would not expect to observe them in nature.
Thermodynamics
Endothermic Reaction Solid barium hydroxide octahydrate (Ba(OH)2*8H2O) and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) are mixed in a beaker, which is then placed on a few drops of water on a small board. The reaction that occurs is highly endothermic.
Thermodynamics : CompareEntropyQual (16 Variations) Indicate which substance in each of the following pairs of substances you expect to have higher entropy. Assume that you have a mole of each substance and all substances are at the same temperature.
Appreciating OxygenHilton M. Weiss Photosynthetic flora and microfauna utilize light from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and oxygen. While these carbohydrates and their derivative hydrocarbons are generally considered to be fuels, it is the thermodynamically energetic oxygen molecule that traps, stores, and provides almost all of the energy that powers life on earth. Weiss, Hilton M. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1218.
Bioenergetics |
Metabolism |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photosynthesis |
Thermodynamics
EnergyJohn W. Moore Scientific Challenges in Sustainable Energy Technology, by Nathan S. Lewis of the California Institute of Technology, summarizes data on energy resources and analyses the implications for human society. Slides, text, and streaming audio/video are available at his Web site. There is much in this presentation that could (and should) be incorporated into chemistry pedagogy. Moore, John W. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 891.
Thermodynamics
Job's Analysis of the Range of the "Dalton Syringe Rocket"Natalie Barto, Brandon Henrie, and Ed Vitz An apparatus for safely igniting fuel gas/oxygen mixtures in a syringe and measuring the distance that the syringe is propelled is presented. The distance (range) is analyzed by the method of continuous variation (Job's Method) to determine the stoichiometry of the reaction. Barto, Natalie; Henrie, Brandon; Vitz, Ed. J. Chem. Educ.2006, 83, 1505.
Fossil Fuels and the Energy CrisisEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Standard Enthalpies of FormationEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
