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Vapor Pressure Pressure exerted by vapor of several organic substances is demonstrated using barometers. Molecular models of the substances are shown.
Gases |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
Liquefaction of Carbon Dioxide Dry ice is placed into an acrylic plastic cylinder. A valve is closed and pressure in the cylinder increases. When the pressure reaches 350 kPa (50 psi) it stops increasing and liquid CO2 appears.
Equilibrium |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
Vapor Pressure: Molecular Size The measurement of pressure exerted by a vapor is demonstrated using barometers. Vapor pressure varies with the strength of the intermolecular forces in the liquid.
Melting Point and Molecular SymmetryR. J. C. Brown and R. F. C. Brown In 1882 Thomas Carnelley observed that high molecular symmetry is associated with high melting point. The application of the rule to a number of different molecular crystals is discussed. The rule applies to different categories of crystal for different reasons, which can be explained by thermodynamic analysis. Brown, R. J. C.; Brown, R. F. C. J. Chem. Educ.2000, 77, 724.
Liquids |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Solids |
Thermodynamics |
Physical Properties |
Aromatic Compounds |
Crystals / Crystallography
Reply to Inflection at the Triple PointMyers, R. Thomas Response to challenges in graphing the triple point of water and correction to original article. Myers, R. Thomas J. Chem. Educ.2000, 77, 160.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
Inflection at the Triple PointMyers, R. Thomas Challenges in graphing the triple point of water. Myers, R. Thomas J. Chem. Educ.2000, 77, 160.
Boiling PointEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Critical Temperature and PressureEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
States of MatterAmerican Chemical Society ACS Science for Kids activities explore phase changes of matter and their properties.