| Journal Articles: 237 results |
|
|
Forecasting Periodic Trends: A Semester-Long Team Exercise for Nonscience Majors John Tierney
Teams of students in a course for nonscience majors identify trends among the properties of elements in the periodic table, use Excel to plot and produce best-fit equations to describe relationships among those properties, and apply the resulting formulas to predict and justify the properties of missing elements.
Tierney, John. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1215.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Computational Chemistry |
Main-Group Elements |
Nonmetals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Metals |
Student-Centered Learning
|
Sampling the Soils Around a Residence Containing Lead-Based Paints: An X-ray Fluorescence Experiment Steven J. Bachofer
A soil sampling experiment using field portable instruments was conducted at a pre-1950 construction known to have lead-based paint. Students collected data following regulatory protocols at multiple locations within and outside of the house's dripline, reported their results, and provided the owner advice on methods to minimize contact with contaminated soil.
Bachofer, Steven J. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 980.
Applications of Chemistry |
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Instrumental Methods |
Nonmajor Courses |
Spectroscopy |
Toxicology |
Metals
|
A Simple Penny Analysis Nicholas C. Thomas and Stephen Faulk
Describes a simple procedure for determining the zinc composition of U.S. pennies in which the penny zinc core is dissolved in acid and the evolved hydrogen gas is collected by water displacement.
Thomas, Nicholas C.; Faulk, Stephen. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 817.
Acids / Bases |
Gases |
Gravimetric Analysis |
Metals |
Stoichiometry
|
Potassium Metal Is Explosive—Do Not Use It! Andreas Grubelnik, Veronika R. Meyer, Peter Bützer, and Urban W. Schönenberger
The reaction of sodium with water is a spectacular and essential classroom demonstration. Many teachers want to show also the more violent reaction of potassium. We propose not to do so because explosions can happen even before the metal is in contact with water.
Grubelnik, Andreas; Meyer, Veronika R.; Bützer, Peter; Schönenberger, Urban W. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 634.
Metals
|
Metal Electrodeposition on an Integrated, Screen-Printed Electrode Assembly Yieu Chyan and Oliver Chyan
Screen-printed, carbon strip electrodes illustrate the essential concepts of electrochemistry and electrodeposition; their light weight facilitates sensitive measurements of electrodeposited metal, allowing for the exploration of Faraday's law and electrodeposition efficiency.
Chyan, Yieu; Chyan, Oliver. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 565.
Electrochemistry |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Flames Tests with Flair Nicholas C. Thomas
When conducted in a suitable fume hood, spraying hydrogen-filled balloons with aqueous solutions of metal salts provides a simple and safe method for demonstrating flame tests.
Thomas, Nicholas C. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 521.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Gases |
Metals
|
Using Hydrogen Balloons To Display Metal Ion Spectra James H. Maynard
Describes a procedure for igniting hydrogen-filled balloons containing metal salts to obtain the brightest possible flash while minimizing the quantity of airborne combustion products.
Maynard, James H. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 519.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Gases |
Metals |
Solutions / Solvents
|
Use of the Primitive Unit Cell in Understanding Subtle Features of the Cubic Close-Packed Structure John A. Hawkins, Linda M. Soper, Jeffrey L. Rittenhouse, and Robert C. Rittenhouse
Examines the pedagogical advantages in presenting the primitive rhombohedral unit cell as a means of helping students to gain greater insight into the nature of the cubic close-packed structure.
Hawkins, John A.; Soper, Linda M.; Rittenhouse, Jeffrey L.; Rittenhouse, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 90.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Metals |
Solids
|
Stuffed Derivatives of Close-Packed Structures Bodie E. Douglas
Examines a variety of stuffed silica crystal structures in terms of the close-packing of one set of atoms or ions (P sites) with other atoms or ions in tetrahedral (T) or octahedral (O) sites and filled or partially filled layers in the regular pattern, PTOT.
Douglas, Bodie E. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1846.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Group Theory / Symmetry |
Materials Science |
Metals |
Solid State Chemistry |
Solids
|
Circuit Board Analysis for Lead by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy in a Course for Nonscience Majors Jeffrey D. Weidenhamer
The analysis for lead through atomic absorption spectroscopy applied to the qualitative screening of circuit boards and the quantitative analysis of environmental samples demonstrates the potential hazards of improper disposal of used electronic equipment.
Weidenhamer, Jeffrey D. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1165.
Applications of Chemistry |
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Metals |
Nonmajor Courses |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Primo Levi and The Periodic Table: Teaching Chemistry Using a Literary Text Viktoria Klara Lakatos Osorio, Peter Wilhelm Tiedemann, and Paulo Alves Porto
Describes the use of a problem-solving activity with first-year undergraduate students based on an excerpt from Primo Levi's book The Periodic Table.
Osorio, Viktoria Klara Lakatos; Tiedemann, Peter Wilhelm; Porto, Paulo Alves. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 775.
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Reactions |
Student-Centered Learning
|
Turning Plastic Into Gold: An Analogy To Demonstrate the Rutherford Gold Foil Experiment Robert B. Gregory
Describes an in-class demonstration designed to be an analogy to the RutherfordGeigerMarsden gold foil experiment that requires only a laser pointer, two picture frames, and a sheet of plastic.
Gregory, Robert B. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 626.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Lasers |
Metals
|
Magnesium Jay A. Young
The hazards of magnesium are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 411.
Laboratory Management |
Metals
|
Lead Jay A. Young
The hazards of lead are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 225.
Laboratory Management |
Metals
|
Density Visualization Richard L. Keiter, Whitney L. Puzey, and Erin A. Blitz
Metal rods of high purity for several elements can be used to construct a display in which their relative densities may be assessed visually.
Keiter, Richard L.; Puzey, Whitney L.; Blitz, Erin A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1629.
Metals |
Physical Properties |
X-ray Crystallography
|
Predicting Inorganic Reaction Products: A Critical Thinking Exercise in General Chemistry David G. DeWit
Describes a course module designed to afford practice in applying the principles encountered throughout the general chemistry sequence to understanding and predicting chemical reactivity and the products of simple inorganic reactions.
DeWit, David G. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1625.
Acids / Bases |
Descriptive Chemistry |
Learning Theories |
Metals |
Nonmetals |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Reactions
|
Dulong and Petit's Law: We Should Not Ignore Its Importance Mary Laing and Michael Laing
This article describes two student exercises: the determination of the specific heat of a metal and hence its atomic weight and a graphical study of specific heat versus atomic weight for different groups of metals and the confirmation of Dulong and Petit's law.
Laing, Mary; Laing, Michael. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1499.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Heat Capacity |
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table
|
Copper Jay A. Young
The hazards of copper are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1460.
Laboratory Management |
Metals
|
The Synthesis of Copper(II) Carboxylates Revisited Kevin Kushner, Robert E. Spangler, Ralph A. Salazar, Jr., and J. J. Lagowski
Describes an electrochemical synthesis of copper(II) carboxylates for use in the general chemistry laboratory course for chemistry majors.
Kushner, Kevin; Spangler, Robert E.; Salazar, Ralph A., Jr.; Lagowski, J. J. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1042.
Carboxylic Acids |
Coordination Compounds |
Electrochemistry |
Metals |
Solutions / Solvents |
Transition Elements |
Undergraduate Research |
Synthesis
|
Teaching Chemistry Laboratory Skills in Industrial Contexts Julianne M. Braun and Carol White
A recently completed project has produced a compilation of 40 laboratory experiments presented within the contexts of five major industries. This article provides a summary of these experiments, along with a discussion of ancillary materials.
Braun, Julianne M.; White, Carol. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 353.
Applications of Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Metals |
Polymerization |
Water / Water Chemistry
|
Filling in the Hexagonal Close-Packed Unit Cell Robert C. Rittenhouse, Linda M. Soper, and Jeffrey L. Rittenhouse
The illustrations of the hcp unit cell that are used in textbooks at all levels and also in crystallography and solid-state reference works are incomplete, in that they fail to include fractions of middle layer atomic spheres with centers lying outside of the unit cell.
Rittenhouse, Robert C.; Soper, Linda M.; Rittenhouse, Jeffrey L. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 175.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Metals |
Solids
|
Sedimentation Time Measurements of Soil Particles by Light Scattering and Determination of Chromium, Lead, and Iron in Soil Samples via ICP Patricia Metthe Todebush and Franz M. Geiger
In this two-part general chemistry laboratory activity, students study soil samples from home and from campus. In part one, the samples are placed in water and the suspended colloid fraction is separated using filtration, followed by a determination of colloid sedimentation rates via light scattering. In part two, the solid phase of the soil samples is dissolved in acid and analyzed for chromium, lead, and iron using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer. The experiment can be expanded to include arsenic. Through these experiments students can draw conclusions about the physical and chemical behavior of solid components in soil, paying particular attention to their propensity for transporting and chemically transforming pollutants in the environment.
Todebush, Patricia Metthe; Geiger, Franz M. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1542.
Colloids |
Geochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solids |
Surface Science |
Metals
|
Zinc (dust and bulk) Jay A. Young
The hazards of zinc (dust and bulk) are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1143.
Laboratory Management |
Metals |
Physical Properties
|
Revisiting the Electric Pickle Demonstration Michelle M. Rizzo, Tracy A. Halmi, Alan J. Jircitano, Martin G. Kociolek, and Jerry A. Magraw
The electric pickle demonstration has long been used to explore the atomic emission of sodium ions, which emit a brilliant yelloworange glow. The emission from other metal ions including lithium, potassium, strontium, and barium can also be demonstrated by pickling cucumbers with the corresponding chloride salt.
Rizzo, Michelle M.; Halmi, Tracy A.; Jircitano, Alan J.; Kociolek, Martin G.; Magraw, Jerry A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 545.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metals
|
More Elementary Riddles Kevin Cunningham
Four chemical riddles are presented, each highlighting an element (hydrogen, arsenic, selenium, and beryllium) and some of its significant properties. Each riddle is accompanied by a full explanation of its clues and their relationship to characteristics of that element.
Cunningham, Kevin. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 539.
Main-Group Elements |
Metals |
Nonmetals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Physical Properties
|
Cadmium Jay A. Young
The hazards of cadmium are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 521.
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Lithium Jay A. Young
The hazards of lithium are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 520.
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Mercury Jay A. Young
The hazards of mercury are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 203.
Metals |
Laboratory Management
|
Color My Nanoworld Adam D. McFarland, Christy L. Haynes, Chad A. Mirkin, Richard P. Van Duyne, and Hilary A. Godwin
This activity begins with the synthesis of 13 nm-diameter gold nanoparticles by reduction of a gold salt. The students use the resulting nanoparticle solution to explore the size-dependent optical properties of gold nanoparticles.
McFarland, Adam D.; Haynes, Christy L.; Mirkin, Chad A.; Van Duyne, Richard P.; Godwin, Hilary A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 544A.
Colloids |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Metals
|
Copper Metal from Malachite circa 4000 B.C.E. Gordon T. Yee, Jeannine E. Eddleton, and Cris E. Johnson
The experiment starts with a naturally occurring ore, malachite, essentially pure Cu2CO3(OH)2, which is readily available at modest cost in bead form from jewelry stores. Using only a Bunsen burner, a porcelain crucible, and a charcoal briquette, the experiment demonstrates two steps in the ancient processing of copper ore: roasting and reduction. The product is a shiny copper metal bead that can then be hammered, polished, and shown to be electrically conductive.
Yee, Gordon T.; Eddleton, Jeannine E.; Johnson, Cris E. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1777.
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Solids
|
Tin Jay A. Young
The hazards of tin are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1562.
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Demonstrating and Measuring Relative Molar Magnetic Susceptibility Using a Neodymium Magnet Charles J. Malerich and Patrica K. Ruff
A method for demonstrating and measuring the magnetic attraction between a paramagnetic substance and a neodymium magnet is described and evaluated. The experiment measures the maximum angle that the magnet can deflect a paramagnetic compound from the vertical. The apparatus to make this measurement is easy to set up and is low-cost.
Malerich, Charles J.; Ruff, Patrica K. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1155.
Magnetic Properties |
Metals |
Transition Elements |
Computational Chemistry
|
Isolation of Copper from a 5–Cent Coin. An Example of Electrorefining Steven G. Sogo
The United States 5cent coin, commonly known as a "nickel", is made of an alloy containing 75% copper and 25% nickel. The experiment is a visually appealing illustration of the process of electrorefining using selective reduction.
Sogo, Steven G. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 530.
Electrochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals
|
Calcium Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for calcium.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 479.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Silver Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for silver.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 478.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Determination of Avogadro's Number by Improved Electroplating Carlos A. Seiglie
Electroplating procedure to accurately determine Avogadro's number or Faraday's constant.
Seiglie, Carlos A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 668.
Electrochemistry |
Metals |
Quantitative Analysis |
Stoichiometry
|
A Concept-Based Environmental Project for the First-Year Laboratory: Remediation of Barium-Contaminated Soil by In Situ Immobilization Heather D. Harle, Phyllis A. Leber, Kenneth R. Hess, and Claude H. Yoder
Simulating the detection and remediation of lead-contaminated soil using barium.
Harle, Heather D.; Leber, Phyllis A.; Hess, Kenneth R.; Yoder, Claude H. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 561.
Synthesis |
Stoichiometry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Metals |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Gravimetric Analysis |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Chemical Equilibria Involving Reactions of Silver(I) Ions Roberto Zingales
Demonstrating a series of reactions involving silver(I) ions.
Zingales, Roberto. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 534.
Equilibrium |
Reactions |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals |
Precipitation / Solubility
|
Micelle-Mediated Extraction of Heavy Metals from Environmental Samples: An Environmental Green Chemistry Laboratory Experiment Dimosthenis L. Giokas, Evangelos K. Paleologos, and Miltiades I. Karayannis
A laboratory focussing on the determination of metallic elements in drinking water through cloud-point extraction.
Giokas, Dimosthenis L.; Paleologos, Evangelos K.; Karayannis, Miltiades I. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 61.
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Metals |
Micelles |
Separation Science |
Green Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Simple Measurement of Magnetic Susceptibility with a Small Permanent Magnet and a Top-Loading Electronic Balance Yoshinori Itami and Kozo Sone
Measuring magnetic susceptibility of solid transition metal salts using a simple, inexpensive, and easy-to-handle device.
Itami, Yoshinori; Sone, Kozo. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1002.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Magnetic Properties |
Transition Elements |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Metals
|
Determination of the Empirical Formula of a Copper Oxide Salt Using Two Different Methods Michael J. Sanger and Kimberly Geer
Converting copper oxide into copper metal using two different methods: reduction of copper oxide to copper metal using methane gas, and reduction of copper oxide to copper metal using aluminum in aqueous solution; the results are used to determine the empirical formula of copper oxide.
Sanger, Michael J.; Geer, Kimberly. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 994.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Stoichiometry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Metals
|
Iron, Nature's Universal Element: Why People Need Iron and Animals Make Magnets
by Eugenie Vorburger Mielczarek and Sharon Bertsch McGrayne Linda H. Doerrer
History of iron and the role it plays in living systems.
Doerrer, Linda H. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 806.
Metals |
Geochemistry
|
The Chemical Adventures of Sherlock Holmes: The Case of Three Thomas R. Rybolt and Thomas G. Waddell
A chemical mystery emphasizing simple physical properties (density) and chemical characterization of metals, featuring Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson.
Rybolt, Thomas R.; Waddell, Thomas G. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 448.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Forensic Chemistry |
Metals |
Physical Properties
|
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Sodium Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 425.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Metals
|
The Electrolytic Recovery of Copper from Brass. A Laboratory Simulation of an Industrial Application of Electrical Energy Domenico Osella, Mauro Ravera, Cristina Soave, and Sonia Scorza
Procedure demonstrating the electrolytic purification of copper.
Osella, Domenico; Ravera, Mauro; Soave, Cristina; Scorza, Sonia. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 343.
Electrochemistry |
Materials Science |
Metals
|
Semimetallicity? Stephen J. Hawkes
Analysis of whether semimetals are semiconductors and distinctions between metals, semimetals, and nonmetals.
Hawkes, Stephen J. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1686.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Nonmetals |
Physical Properties |
Solid State Chemistry |
Conductivity
|
A Discovery-Based Experiment Illustrating How Iron Metal Is Used to Remediate Contaminated Groundwater Barbara A. Balko and Paul G. Tratnyek
Procedure in which students investigate the chemistry of iron-permeable reactive barriers and their application to the remediation of contaminated groundwater.
Balko, Barbara A.; Tratnyek, Paul G. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1661.
Kinetics |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Metals |
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
|
Humic Acids: Marvelous Products of Soil Chemistry Geoffrey Davies, Elham A. Ghabbour, and Cornelius Steelink
Classification, physical and chemical characteristics, formation, structure and sources of humic substances.
Davies, Geoffrey; Ghabbour, Elham A.; Steelink, Cornelius. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1609.
Agricultural Chemistry |
Metals |
Natural Products |
Plant Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
|
The Joy of Color in Ceramic Glazes with the Help of Redox Chemistry Allen A. Denio
The chemistry of pottery, ceramic glazes, and the firing process.
Denio, Allen A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1298.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Geochemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Metals
|
Melting Point, Density, and Reactivity of Metals Michael Laing
Using melting points and densities to the predict the relative reactivities of metals.
Laing, Michael. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1054.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Physical Properties |
Reactions |
Thermodynamics |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Electrochemistry
|
The Conductivity of Molten Materials Monica E. Thomas, Audrey A. Cleveland, Rubin Battino, David A. Dolson, and Michael R. Hall
Demonstrating the conductivity of molten ionic compounds; includes apparatus for demonstrating conductivity and suggested list of selected test materials and their melting points.
Thomas, Monica E.; Cleveland, Audrey A.; Battino, Rubin; Dolson, David A.; Hall, Michael R. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1052.
Conductivity |
Metals |
Ionic Bonding |
Physical Properties
|
Observations on Lemon Cells Jerry Goodisman
The lemon cell, consisting of pieces of two different metals stuck into a lemon or other fruit, is pictured in many general chemistry textbooks without being discussed; manuscript describes simple experiments, suitable for the general chemistry laboratory, which elucidate how this kind of cell works.
Goodisman, Jerry. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 516.
Electrochemistry |
Metals |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials
|
Application of Light Emitting Diodes to Chemical Analysis: Determination of Copper in Water Juan D. Mozo, Manuel Galán, and Emilio Roldán
In this paper a photometer based on a light emitting diode is described. The light source is a 5-mm LED, which can be replaced in order to select the emission wavelength. A fiber optic is used to conduct light from the LED to the sample, and an inexpensive solid-state light-to-voltage optical sensor is used as a detector. Using a yellow LED (peak emission = 595 nm), copper(II) in the mg/L range can be accurately analyzed.
Mozo, Juan D.; Galán, Manuel; Roldán, Emilio. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 355.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Metals |
Quantitative Analysis |
Undergraduate Research
|
A Chemical-Medical Mystery: Gold Jewelry and Black Marks on Skin Barbara B. Kebbekus
Gold jewelry at times makes a black mark or smudge on skin. This may be caused by abrasive powders on the skin (e.g. zinc oxide) but the phenomenon may also be caused by other skin conditions, possibly the presence of chloride ion, acidity, or sulfur-containing amino acids.
Kebbekus, Barbara B. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1298.
Bioorganic Chemistry |
Geochemistry |
Hormones |
Metals |
Solids |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Metallurgy in the Laboratory: Preparation of Pure Antimony Brooke L. O'Klatner and Daniel Rabinovich
The preparation of pure antimony is readily accomplished on a laboratory scale by the high-temperature reduction of antimony trioxide with potassium cyanide. The product is obtained in almost quantitative yield (up to 98%) using a procedure that is simple, inexpensive, and quick.
O'Klatner, Brooke L.; Rabinovich, Daniel. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 251.
Metals |
Metallurgy
|
Photochemistry and Pinhole Photography: An Interdisciplinary Experiment Angeliki A. Rigos and Kevin Salemme
This interdisciplinary activity combines chemistry and art through the construction and use of a pinhole camera. We focused on the chemistry of the black and white photographic process as the science component of this activity. The reactions involved are good examples of photochemistry and multiphase chemical reactions, since the light sensitive materials (silver halides) are in the form of a gelatin emulsion of microscopic crystals.
Rigos, Angeliki A.; Salemme, Kevin. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 736A.
Metals |
Photochemistry |
Oxidation State |
Nonmajor Courses |
Applications of Chemistry
|
A Further Demonstration of Sulfite-Induced Redox Cycling of Metal Ions Initiated by Shaking Horacio D. Moya, Eduardo Almeida Neves, and Nina Coichev
Details of a fascinating laboratory demonstration of the sulfite-induced redox cycling of Ni(II)/Ni(III), which is initiated by shaking the solution in the presence of air, are reported. The balance between the sulfite and oxygen concentration controls the direction of the overall reaction.
Moya, Horacio D.; Neves, Eduardo Almeida; Coichev, Nina. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 930.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals |
Catalysis
|
Chromium Pollution: An Experiment Adapted for Freshman Engineering Students Penny Seymour
Students analyze water samples contaminated with Cr(VI) to determine which of several industries appears to be the source of the contamination. The adaptation involves requiring the students to develop the analytic procedure themselves, rather than working from a prepared set of instructions, and then to report the results as a letter plus appendices, including general recommendations for remedial action, directed to the client who contracted the investigation.
Seymour, Penny. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 927.
Metals |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Why Gold and Copper Are Colored but Silver Is Not Ariel H. Guerrero, Héctor J. Fasoli, and José Luis Costa
Interpretation of the yellow color of gold based on an adequate external electronic configuration (s1d10/s2d9) and s and d sublevels close enough to allow transition between them to proceed significantly.
Guerrero, Ariel H.; Fasoli, Hctor J.; Costa, Jos Luis. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 200.
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Metals |
Descriptive Chemistry
|
Letters
Suggestions for additional chemistry experiments involving pennies.
J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1362.
Metals
|
Designing a Self-Contained Qualitative Analysis Test for Transition Metal Ions Y. S. Serena Tan, B. H. Iain Tan, Hian Kee Lee, Yaw Kai Yan, and T. S. Andy Hor
A challenging self-contained qualitative analysis test for transition metal compounds comprising nine unknowns whereby the unknown solutions can be systematically identified, without relying on external reagents, by inter-mixing the unknown samples. The names of the samples are made known, but their correspondence with the samples is concealed. A representative range of transition metal compounds was selected, together with two complementary main-group compounds. This "9-bottle" test encourages logical deduction and analytical thinking.
Y. S. Serena Tan, B. H. Iain Tan, Hian Kee Lee, Yaw Kai Yan, and T. S. Andy Hor. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 456.
Qualitative Analysis |
Transition Elements |
Metals
|
The ThermobileTM: A Nitinol-Based Scientific Toy George B. Kauffman and Isaac Mayo
The "memory metal" Thermobile toy is highlighted.
Kauffman, George B.; Mayo, Isaac. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 313.
Materials Science |
Metals |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA M. Cecilia Yappert and Donald B. DuPre
The competition of complexing agents for the same metal ion and the formation of colored metal-ion complexes is demonstrated with the use of an overhead projector. This demonstration can be used to emphasize both the relevance of the relative values of formation constants in the complexation of metal cations and the applicability of complexometric titrations in quantitative chemical analysis.
Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPre, Donald B. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1422.
Equilibrium |
Coordination Compounds |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Metals
|
What Is a "Heavy Metal"? Stephen J. Hawkes
Heavy metals are the transition and post-transition metals.
Hawkes, Stephen J. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1374.
Metals |
Transition Elements
|
Solid State Structures (Abstract of Volume 5D, Number 2) Ludwig A. Mayer
Solid State Structures is a collection of image files that allows the user to display, rotate, and examine individually a large collection of 3-D structure models.
Mayer, Ludwig A. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1144.
Solid State Chemistry |
Metals |
Solids |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Molecular Modeling
|
A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids (Abstract of Volume 5D, Number 2) William R. Robinson and Joan F. Tejchma
A Window on the Solid State helps students understand and instructors present the structural features of solids. The package provides a tour of the structures commonly used to introduce features of the solid state.
Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1143.
Solid State Chemistry |
Metals |
Solids |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Molecular Modeling
|
Constructing Chemical Concepts through a Study of Metals and Metal Ions: Guided Inquiry Experiments for General Chemistry Ram S. Lamba, Shiva Sharma, and Baird W. Lloyd
A set of inquiry-based experiments designed to help students develop an understanding of basic chemical concepts within the framework of studying the properties and reactivity of metals and metal ions.
Lamba, Ram S.; Sharma, Shiva; Lloyd, Baird W. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1095.
Electrochemistry |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Stoichiometry
|
Iron as Nutrient and Poison N. M. Senozan and M. P. Christiano
Iron containing compounds of the body and the ingestion and elimination of iron, the function and transport of this metal among different sites and substances of the body, and biochemical defects and nutritional habits that lead to excessive accumulation of iron and some unexpected consequences of this accumulation are described.
Senozan, N. M.; Christiano, M. P. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1060.
Bioinorganic Chemistry |
Bioorganic Chemistry |
Food Science |
Metals |
Vitamins |
Toxicology |
Nutrition |
Applications of Chemistry |
Descriptive Chemistry
|
The Sodium Rainbow Miroslav Proksa
A new approach to the reaction of sodium with water to produce a "rainbow" of colors.
Proksa, Miroslav. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 942.
Acids / Bases |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Electron Affinities of the Alkaline Earth Metals and the Sign Convention for Electron Affinity John C. Wheeler
It has been known since 1987, both theoretically and experimentally, that the ion Ca- is stable. It is now certain that Sr-, Ba-, and Ra- are also stable, and accurate values for the electron affinities of Ca-, Sr-, and Ba- have been determined. Recommended values for these electron affinities, in the units commonly employed in introductory texts and with the sign convention used here, are 2.37, 5.03, and 13.95 kJ/mol for Ca, Sr, and Ba, respectively.
Wheeler, John C. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 123.
Metals |
Atomic Properties / Structure
|
An n-Bottle Lab Exercise With No Hazardous Waste Claire R. Olander
Traditional n-bottle exercises include precipitation reactions of environmentally hazardous substances, thereby creating a waste disposal problem. The lab exercise described here uses substances whose waste can be easily treated and disposed in the trash.
J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 849.
Laboratory Management |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Metals |
Qualitative Analysis
|
On-Line Surfactant Monitoring by Foam Generation Patrick D. Soran, Everett E. Neal, Barbara Smith, and Ken I. Mullen
The device continuously monitors the concentration of surfactants on-line, in real time, and is particularly suited for process monitoring or process control.
Soran, Patrick D.; Neal, Everett E.; Smith, Barbara; Mullen, Ken I. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 819.
Metals |
Surface Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
All Positive Ions Give Acid Solutions in Water Stephen J. Hawkes
The acidity of aqueous solutions of positive ions is never zero although many texts say incorrectly that most metals of Groups I and II and some others are not acidic.
Hawkes, Stephen J. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 516.
Acids / Bases |
Metals |
Solutions / Solvents |
pH
|
Salts are Mostly Not Ionized Stephen J. Hawkes
The popular assumption that all salts are totally ionized in aqueous solution is false. Moreover, it is approximated only by alkali metal salts and by salts of alkaline earth metals with high atomic numbers.
Hawkes, Stephen J. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 421.
Ionic Bonding |
Metals |
Solutions / Solvents
|
Microscale Preparation of Nickel Formate Dihydrate: A Simple Experiment for the Freshman Lab Arnaiz, Francisco J.
Microscale preparation of nickel formate dihydrate.
Arnaiz, Francisco J. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A200.
Metals |
Gravimetric Analysis |
Synthesis
|
Fe(s) + Cu(II)(aq) ----> Fe(II)(aq) + Cu(s): Fifteen Centuries of Search Vladimir Karpenko
Historical development of understanding of the title reaction, particularly erroneous alchemical beliefs.
Karpenko, Vladimir. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1095.
Metals |
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Reactions |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
An Alternative Methodology for General Chemistry Laboratories: Chemical Equivalent of a Metal Carlos M. Bonatti, José L. Zurita, and Horácio N. Sólimo
Procedure in which students are asked to identify an unknown metal that can react with mineral acids to evolve hydrogen where the students are required to obtain bibliographic information and decide on some aspects of the experimental work.
Bonatti, Carlos M.; Zurita, Jose L.; Sclimo, Horacio N. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 834.
Metals |
Qualitative Analysis
|
A Window on the Solid State William R. Robinson and Christopher P. Saari
Student tutorial and lecture demonstration software illustrating the structures and unit cells of metals.
Robinson, W. R. . J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 814.
Metals |
Crystals / Crystallography |
Solid State Chemistry
|
Making Sparklers: An Introductory Laboratory Experiment Allen Keeney, Christina Walters, and Richard D. Cornelius
Method for producing sparklers to illustrate redox reactions.
Keeney, Allen; Walters, Christina; Cornelius, Richard D. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 652.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Reactions |
Metals
|
Determining Iron Content in Foods by Spectrophotometry Paul E. Adams
Activity to introduce high school students to the concept and techniques of colorimetry by determining the iron content in various foods; sample data and analysis included.
Adams, Paul E. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 649.
Spectroscopy |
Metals |
Food Science |
Consumer Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis
|
A Laboratory Experiment Illustrating the Properties and Bioavailability of Iron Kimbrough, Doris R.; Martinez, Noelia; Stolfus, Stephanie
A qualitative laboratory experiment to illustrate the properties and behavior of iron and its complexes to the absorption and bioavailability of iron in human systems.
Kimbrough, Doris R.; Martinez, Noelia; Stolfus, Stephanie J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 558.
Metals |
Qualitative Analysis
|
Resistance Measurement as a Tool for Corrosion Studies Singh, N. P.; Gupta, S. C.; Sood, B. R.
Procedure for determining the rate of corrosion by measuring changes in the resistance of a thin wire or strip of metal; sample data and analysis included.
Singh, N. P.; Gupta, S. C.; Sood, B. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 465.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals |
Rate Law |
Reactions |
Electrochemistry
|
Studying Activity Series of Metals: Using Deep-Learning Strategies Hoon, Tien-Ghun; Goh, Ngoh-Khang; Chia, Lian-Sai
Uses a unit of the activity series of metals to demonstrate the teaching of the interrelationships between chemical concepts by linking new information to previously known material.
Hoon, Tien-Ghun; Goh, Ngoh-Khang; Chia, Lian-Sai J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 51.
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Transition Elements
|
Determination of Ionic Mobilities by Thin-Layer Electrodeposition Kuhn, Alexander; Argoul, Francoise
The authors describe a new method for the determination of ionic mobilities. An advantage of the measurement described is that it allows its demonstration within the framework of the student's practical training in ionic conductivity.
Kuhn, Alexander; Argoul, Francoise J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, A273.
Electrochemistry |
Ion Selective Electrodes |
Metals
|
Rare Earth Iron Garnets: Their Synthesis and Magnetic Properties Geselbracht, Margaret J.; Cappellari, Ann M.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Rzeznik, Maria A.; Johnson, Brian J.
A general synthesis for compositions in the solid solution series YxGd3-xFe5O12 (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) and a simple demonstration that illustrates the differing magnetic properties of these materials.
Geselbracht, Margaret J.; Cappellari, Ann M.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Rzeznik, Maria A.; Johnson, Brian J. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 696.
Metals |
Transition Elements |
Magnetic Properties |
Synthesis |
Solid State Chemistry
|
Vanadium Ions as Visible Electron Carriers in a Redox System Bare, William D.; Resto, Wilfredo
Demonstration using a column to display the four, differently colored, oxidation states of vanadium simultaneously.
Bare, William D.; Resto, Wilfredo J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 692.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Oxidation State
|
Transition Metals and the Aufbau Principle Vanquickenborne, L. G.; Pierloot, K.; Devoghel, D.
Explanation of why the ground state configuration of the neutral transition metals is in most cases 3dn4s2, and why the ground state configuration of the corresponding ions is obtained by preferentially removing the 4s electrons.
Vanquickenborne, L. G.; Pierloot, K.; Devoghel, D. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 469.
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Atomic Properties / Structure
|
Laboratory Explosion Danger from Mixing Magnesium and Copper Oxide Vella, Alfred J.
Hazard of mixing magnesium and copper(II) oxide while heating; danger of thermite-type reactions in general.
Vella, Alfred J. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 328.
Metals
|
Testing the Waters for Chromium Herrmann, Mary S.
A test for the presence of Cr(IV) in water using a sensitive colorimetric reagent.
Herrmann, Mary S. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 323.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Metals |
Quantitative Analysis
|
A Window on the Solid-State Robinson, William R.
"Part I: Structures of Metals" introduces the four basic structural types found in metals. "Part II: Unit Cells of Metals" discusses how to use a unit cell to describe a two-dimensional structure.
Robinson, William R. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 300.
Solid State Chemistry |
Solids |
Metals
|
A WARNING: Explosion Hazards of Reacting Magnesium and Aluminum with Powdered Silver Nitrate Laing, Michael
Danger of reacting Mg and AgNO3, Al and AgNO3.
Laing, Michael J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 270.
Metals |
Reactions
|
Mechanical Properties of Metals: Experiments with Steel, Copper, Tin, Zinc, and Soap Bubbles Geselbracht, Margaret J.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Penn, Rona L.; Lisensky, George C.; Stone, Donald S.
Annealing, hardening, and tempering of metals; using bubbles to model the crystalline structure of metals.
Geselbracht, Margaret J.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Penn, Rona L.; Lisensky, George C.; Stone, Donald S. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 254.
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Crystals / Crystallography
|
Collecting and Using the Rare Earths Solomon, Sally; Lee, Alan
Prices, sources, handling tips, and specific suggestions about how to use the lanthanide elements in the classroom and the laboratory.
Solomon, Sally; Lee, Alan J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 247.
Metals |
Transition Elements |
Physical Properties
|
Shell thickness of the copper-clad cent Vanselow, Clarence H.; Forrester, Sherri R.
An exercise in determining the thickness of the copper layer of modern pennies presents the opportunities to combine good chemistry, instrumentation, simple curve fitting, and geometry to solve a simply stated problem.
Vanselow, Clarence H.; Forrester, Sherri R. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 1023.
Metals |
Quantitative Analysis |
Chemometrics
|
Determining the metal activity series using a potato porcupine Fortman, John J.; Battino, Rubin
Determining the metal activity series using a potato porcupine.
Fortman, John J.; Battino, Rubin J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 939.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals
|
The changing chemistry of mercury Renuka, A.
Contrary to prior belief, Mercury does exist as a monomer and can exist in other unusual oxidation states.
Renuka, A. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 871.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Oxidation State |
Metals
|
Investigating protective coatings for steel Runyan, Tom; Herrmann, Mary
Learning about corrosion chemistry provides students with authentic inquiry experience as well as an opportunity to learn relevant and applicable content.
Runyan, Tom; Herrmann, Mary J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 843.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Acids / Bases |
Metals |
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Materials Science
|
"Qual": From a different viewpoint Laing, Michael
Author contends that traditional teaching techniques in inorganic chemistry need to be reconsidered.
Laing, Michael J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 666.
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Metals |
Qualitative Analysis |
Coordination Compounds
|
A visual illustration of oxidation numbers and moles: Using balloons to demonstrate moles of electrons Bergquist, Wilbur
Illustrating the connection between moles of electrons and oxidation number.
Bergquist, Wilbur J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 586.
Oxidation State |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals
|
Gallium beating heart Ealy, James L., Jr.
Oscillating gallium in a Petri dish offers an exciting demonstration.
Ealy, James L., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 491.
Electrochemistry |
Metals
|
Chemical checkers on the computer Orlik, Y. G.; Glyakov, P. V.; Varova, R. M.
148. Bits and pieces, 49. A program that is enjoyable and useful because it enables students to organize and sum up their knowledge on topics such as chemical properties of metals and properties of acids, bases, and salts.
Orlik, Y. G.; Glyakov, P. V.; Varova, R. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 297.
Acids / Bases |
Metals
|
Coloring titanium and related metals by electrochemical oxidation Gaul, Emily
Procedure for anodizing metals as a companion experiment to electroplating. The activity is very appealing to students in visual arts.
Gaul, Emily J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 176.
Metals |
Electrochemistry |
Nonmajor Courses
|
Helping students to develop an hypothesis about electrochemistry: A demonstration with a lab report and supplemental worksheet VanderZee, Chester
Author shares a successful electrochemistry demonstration with calculations and assessment.
VanderZee, Chester J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 924.
Electrochemistry |
Metals
|
Replacement reactions using a dissecting microscope Lam-Erwin, Chuk-Yin; Sprague, Joseph
Performing drop-size experiments under dissecting microscopes, including examining the reactivity of metals and double replacement reactions.
Lam-Erwin, Chuk-Yin; Sprague, Joseph J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 855.
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals |
Microscale Lab |
Reactions |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Acids / Bases
|
Rediscovering the wheel: The flame test revisited Ragsdale, Ronald O.; Driscoll, Jerry A.
Exciting metallic salts in burning methanol to produce colors visible throughout a large lecture hall.
Ragsdale, Ronald O.; Driscoll, Jerry A. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 828.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metals
|
Conducting midshipmen - A classroom activity modeling extended bonding in solids Lomax, Joseph F.
Using the electron-hopping model (analogous to people sitting in chairs) to explain electron movement and conductivity in insulators, semiconductors, and metals.
Lomax, Joseph F. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 794.
Solids |
Solid State Chemistry |
Conductivity |
Metals |
Semiconductors
|
Reactions of the alkali metals with water: A novel demonstration Alexander, M. Dale
This demonstration is a novel variation that is much safer to perform than the standard demonstration of simply dropping a small piece of alkali metal into a beaker of water.
Alexander, M. Dale J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 418.
Metals
|
Biomethylation and environmental transport of metals Krishnamurthy, S.
Biological methylation of metals is a mechanism that plays an important role in the mobilization and transport of toxic heavy metals.
Krishnamurthy, S. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 347.
Metals |
Organometallics |
Bioinorganic Chemistry
|
Synthesis, oxidation and UV/IR spectroscopy illustrated: An integrated freshman lab session Zoller, Uri; Lubezky, Aviva; Danot, Miriam
This paper describes a specially designed, and successfully implemented lab-session for the first-year college general chemistry course.
Zoller, Uri; Lubezky, Aviva; Danot, Miriam J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, A274.
IR Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Coordination Compounds |
Metals
|
A flexible automated laboratory system for the qualitative analysis of selected metal cations Blankenship, James F.; Costello, Steven; Sprouse, Matthew; Settle, Frank A., Jr.; Bolen, Rosina H.; Pleva, Michael A.
A flexible automated laboratory system for the qualitative analysis of selected metal cations: history, goals, experimental apparatus, software, and performance.
Blankenship, James F.; Costello, Steven; Sprouse, Matthew; Settle, Frank A., Jr.; Bolen, Rosina H.; Pleva, Michael A. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, A65.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals
|
A short qualitative analysis scheme without hazardous wastes Petty, John T.
A description of laboratory procedures that utilize the important pedagogy of qualitative analysis schemes while being more safe to perform than the traditional procedures.
Petty, John T. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 942.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Metals |
Qualitative Analysis |
Periodicity / Periodic Table
|
Demonstration of ionic dissociation in aqueous solution Diemente, Damon
A simple demonstration that readily convinces students that many ionic solids exist in a different form in solution from that which they exhibit in the solid state.
Diemente, Damon J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 950.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Metals
|
Qualitative analysis of alloys by electrography Gaggero, Fernando Labandera; Rodriguez, Alvaro Mombru
Electrolytes and color reagents used for the identification of 25 metallic ions.
Gaggero, Fernando Labandera; Rodriguez, Alvaro Mombru J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 706.
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals
|
Why the Daniell cell works! Martins, George F.
The strength of bonds between atoms in metals, the relative ease of removing electrons from atoms, and the energy lowering of the attraction of water molecules for positive ions in solution all aid beginning student's understanding of why reactions occur.
Martins, George F. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 482.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metals |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials
|
A formula for calculating atomic radii of metals Ping, Mei; Xiubin, Lei; Yuankai, Wen
In this paper, the authors present a theoretical formula for calculating metallic radii.
Ping, Mei; Xiubin, Lei; Yuankai, Wen J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 218.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metals
|
Questions from a can of Pepsi Mitchell, Tony
A can of Pepsi can be the starting point of countless chemistry questions that students can relate to. The author encourages other instructors to think about helping students understand chemistry as it relates to contemporary society.
Mitchell, Tony J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 1070.
Consumer Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Stoichiometry |
Physical Properties |
Food Science |
Nutrition |
Gases |
Acids / Bases |
Metals
|
Oxidation states of manganese Kolb, Doris
This demonstration illustrates oxidation states of manganese.
Kolb, Doris J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 1004.
Oxidation State |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals |
Transition Elements
|
An interesting student chemistry project: Investigating Liesegang rings Schibeci, Renato A.; Carlsen, Connie
This lab allows students not only exposure to content, but also an appreciation of the way in which scientists build their knowledge.
Schibeci, Renato A.; Carlsen, Connie J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 365.
Solutions / Solvents |
Geochemistry |
Metals
|
Art in chemistry: An interdisciplinary approach to teaching art and chemistry Greenberg, Barbara
A unique high school course recalls the days when chemists were artists and artists were chemists. Topics covered include: color, painting surfaces, clay and glazes, jewelry making, photography, art history, and chemical hazards in art.
Greenberg, Barbara J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 148.
Metals |
Dyes / Pigments
|
Preparation of a simple thermochromic solid Van Oort, Michiel J. M.
An easy, dramatic, and effective laboratory introduction to solid-solid phase transitions, thermochromism, and color changes associated with changes in ligand coordination suitable for undergraduate students in physical and general chemistry.
Van Oort, Michiel J. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 84.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Crystals / Crystallography |
Coordination Compounds |
Metals |
Thermodynamics
|
Preparation of lead compounds: An exercise in applied chemistry Laing, Michael; Williams-Wynn, David; Suhramoney, Saroj
Uses and synthesis of Pb(NO3)2, PbO2, PbCrO4, PbS, PbO, lead carbonate, lead acetate, and lead metal itself.
Laing, Michael; Williams-Wynn, David; Suhramoney, Saroj J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 811.
Synthesis |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Oxidation State |
Reactions |
Descriptive Chemistry
|
Redox demonstrations and descriptive chemistry: Part 1. Metals Ophardt, Charles E.
The oxidation states of iron, tin, and mercury.
Ophardt, Charles E. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 716.
Metals |
Descriptive Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Oxidation State
|
The effect of pH and chloride ion concentration on the mobilities of various cations in soil Brown, Melody; Sutherland, Mary; Leharne, Stephen
Measuring the mobilities of cations (particularly of toxic metals) in soils using soil thin layer chromatography.
Brown, Melody; Sutherland, Mary; Leharne, Stephen J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 448.
pH |
Agricultural Chemistry |
Metals |
Thin Layer Chromatography
|
Hemoglobinometry: A biochemistry experiment that utilizes the principles of transition metal chemistry Giuliano, Vincenzo
Colorimetric measurements are used to determine the concentration of hemoglobin in blood and the effect of the effect that the presence of cyanide ions has on the formation of cyanomethemoglobin.
Giuliano, Vincenzo J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 354.
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Medicinal Chemistry |
Spectroscopy
|
Introduction to overhead projector demonstrations Kolb, Doris
General suggestions for using the overhead projector and 21 demonstrations. [Debut]
Kolb, Doris J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 348.
Rate Law |
Reactions |
Catalysis |
Equilibrium |
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Acids / Bases
|
Teaching an introductory course in qualitative analysis in order to enhance learning general chemistry Shamai, Ruth; Stavy, Ruth
These two authors have found that qualitative analysis is an excellent way for concrete operational thinkers to become formal thinkers.
Shamai, Ruth; Stavy, Ruth J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 707.
Qualitative Analysis |
Learning Theories |
Metals |
Ionic Bonding
|
Density gradient columns for chemical displays Guenther, William B.
An important advantage of these demonstrations of complex chemistry is that students can observe them over a period of time as they grasp concepts of solution equilibria.
Guenther, William B. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 148.
Acids / Bases |
pH |
Coordination Compounds |
Metals
|
Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry, Volume I (Shakhashiri, Bassam Z.) Kauffman, George B.
81 tested demonstrations grouped into 4 chapters: thermochemistry, chemiluminescence, polymers, and color and equilibria of metal ion precipitates and complexes.
Kauffman, George B. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, A31.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Photochemistry |
Metals
|
Puzzles for teaching descriptive chemistry. Metals Evans, Mildred H.
A metals crossword puzzle.
Evans, Mildred H. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 1103.
Metals |
Descriptive Chemistry
|
A model to illustrate the brittleness of ionic and metallic crystals Birk, James P.
Uses magnetic strips to explain the difference in brittleness between ionic and metallic solids.
Birk, James P. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 667.
Ionic Bonding |
Metallic Bonding |
Metals |
Physical Properties |
Crystals / Crystallography
|
The transuranium elements Seaborg, Glenn T.
History of the discovery of the transuranium elements.
Seaborg, Glenn T. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 463.
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table
|
Qualitative analysis of some transition metals Kilner, Cary
Students are asked to determine which test or or sequence of tests unambiguously identifies each of several cations (iron, nickel, cobalt, and copper) and to use their results to identify several unknowns.
Kilner, Cary J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 80.
Qualitative Analysis |
Transition Elements |
Metals
|
The extraction of gold and its simulation with copper Bradley, J. D.; Brand, M.; Louli, J. A. M.
The simulation of the extraction of gold by the use of its analog, copper, makes it possible to capitalize on the glamor of gold without sacrificing any chemical principles.
Bradley, J. D.; Brand, M.; Louli, J. A. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 634.
Separation Science |
Metallurgy |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals
|
Simplest formula for copper iodide Suchow, Lawrence
We should no longer try to "prove" the Law of Definite Proportions with non-molecular inorganic solids, especially those that contain elements which exhibit multiple oxidation states.
Suchow, Lawrence J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 566.
Oxidation State |
Metals |
Stoichiometry
|
Electronic structure prediction for transition metal ions Nance, Lewis E.
A useful mnemonic for the electronic structure for M (II) elements.
Nance, Lewis E. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 339.
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Oxidation State |
Atomic Properties / Structure
|
Metal-ligand complexes-a calculation challenge Ramette, R. W.
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate one of the most important experimental methods for studying complex equilibria and to present synthetic data as a challenge to the many sophisticated calculation procedure that enjoy various degrees of loyalty around the world.
Ramette, R. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 946.
Equilibrium |
Metals |
Electrochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Coordination Compounds
|
Dyeing of anodized aluminum Grotz, Leonard C.
Anodization of Al is widely practiced in industry to improve the corrosion resistance of articles made of aluminum.
Grotz, Leonard C. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 763.
Industrial Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals |
Dyes / Pigments |
Applications of Chemistry
|
A simple and dramatic demonstration of overvoltage Bradford, John L.; Davis, Alvie L.
This demonstration is easily visualized only for small groups, but can be displayed for a large audience by using an overhead projector.
Bradford, John L.; Davis, Alvie L. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 674.
Potentiometry |
Electrochemistry |
Metals
|
Convenient relations for the estimation of bond ionicity in A-B type compounds Barbe, Jacques
Calculating the electronegative differences between atoms does not always give an accurate prediction of bond strength.
Barbe, Jacques J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 640.
Noncovalent Interactions |
Metals |
Electrochemistry
|
A visual analogy for metallic deposition Hartwig, Dcio R.; Filho, Romeu C. Rocha
Metallic deposition stoichiometry problems are difficult for students to visualize. A clever visual tool is explained in this article.
Hartwig, Dcio R.; Filho, Romeu C. Rocha J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 591.
Metals |
Electrochemistry |
Stoichiometry
|
The use of an air-natural gas flame in atomic absorption Melucci, Robert C.
The experiment reported in this paper demonstrates that students can get excellent results using air-natural gas flame in atomic absorption, and a tremendous advantage in safety is gained for a small sacrifice in the limit of detectability.
Melucci, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 238.
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals |
Descriptive Chemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure
|
Analysis of 1982 pennies Miller, James M.
The composition of pennies has recently been altered, providing for some interesting chemical analysis.
Miller, James M. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 142.
Quantitative Analysis |
Metals
|
Reduction potentials and hydrogen overvoltage: An overhead projector demonstration Ramette, Richard W.
Relates the scale of standard reduction potentials to the observed behavior of metals in their reactions with hydrogen ion to produce hydrogen gas.
Ramette, Richard W. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 866.
Electrochemistry |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Group IA elements: Chemical properties (a); Group IA elements: Chemical properties (b) Dombrink, Kathleen J.
Film loop that demonstrates reactions between alkali metals and halogens.
Dombrink, Kathleen J. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 260.
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Reactions |
Metals
|
Detection of carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke using molybdosilicate Feinstein, H. I.
This carbon monoxide detector was first developed during WWII: it is simple, rapid, and extremely sensitive.
Feinstein, H. I. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 633.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Applications of Chemistry |
Metals |
Coordination Compounds
|
Some aspects of coordination chemistry Mickey, Charles D.
The genesis of modern coordination theory; the Wernerian system; experimental support for Werner's coordination theory; amplification of Werner's theory; the nature of complex ions; formation and nomenclature for complexes, complexes in the environment; chelates in medicine; complexing in natural systems; and industrial application of complexes.
Mickey, Charles D. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 257.
Coordination Compounds |
Medicinal Chemistry |
Metals
|
Dense, denser, densest Conroy, Lawrence E.
Iridium is more dense than osmium.
Conroy, Lawrence E. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 528.
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table
|
Artifacts and the Electromotive Series Mickey, Charles D.
The chemistry of metals and its application to archeology.
Mickey, Charles D. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 275.
Electrochemistry |
Metals |
Applications of Chemistry |
Metallurgy |
Reactions
|
Bent thermometer Smith, Douglas D.
Reducing the breakage of thermometers, using CO2 as an insecticide, and improving the demonstration of the reaction between sodium and water.
Smith, Douglas D. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 742.
Laboratory Management |
Applications of Chemistry |
Metals |
Reactions
|
Physical and chemical properties and bonding of metallic elements Myers, R. Thomas
137. Common textbook errors concerning the physical and chemical properties, conductivity and bonding of metals.
Myers, R. Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 712.
Physical Properties |
Metallic Bonding |
Metals |
Covalent Bonding
|
Corrosion: A Waste of energy J. Chem. Educ. Staff
Thermodynamics and electrochemical aspects of corrosion, and inhibition of the corrosion process.
J. Chem. Educ. Staff J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 673.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Applications of Chemistry |
Metals |
Thermodynamics |
Electrochemistry
|
Chemical toxicology. Part II. Metal toxicity Carter, D. E.; Fernando, Quintus
Considers essential trace metals and the toxic affects of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt copper, zinc, selenium, molybdenum, cadmium, lead, and mercury.
Carter, D. E.; Fernando, Quintus J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 490.
Toxicology |
Metals
|
The precipitation of ferrous hydroxide: A lecture demonstration Lau, O. W.
This demonstration can illustrate such topics as the solubility of ionic compounds, electrode potentials of transition elements and their modification by formation of either an insoluble compound of a complex ion, and mixed valence compounds.
Lau, O. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 474.
Precipitation / Solubility |
Solutions / Solvents |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Oxidation State
|
Illustration of d and p block element properties Canty, Allan J.
The experiments described in this article have been devised to cover descriptive chemistry appropriate for introductory chemistry.
Canty, Allan J. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 790.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Metals |
Nonmetals
|
Determination of copper in a copper-nickel alloy: A new experiment for the general chemistry laboratory Gallagher, Kristin; Cantor, Charles R.
A brief description of a laboratory experience for the determination of copper in a copper-nickel alloy: A new experiment for the general chemistry laboratory.
Gallagher, Kristin; Cantor, Charles R. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 660.
Metals |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Concentration model Leung, Wai-Keung Solomon; Buchanan, Edward B., Jr.
The authors provide a model for lessons concerning parts-per-million and parts-per-billion.
Leung, Wai-Keung Solomon; Buchanan, Edward B., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 380.
Toxicology |
Metals
|
Molar volumes: Microscopic insight from macroscopic data Davenport, Derek A.; Fosterling, Robert B.; Srinivasan, Viswanathan
The molar volumes of the alkali metal halides; molar volumes of binary hydrogen compounds; molar volumes of the first transition series; molar volumes of the lanthanoids and actinoids; molar volumes of the carbon family; molar volumes of isotopically related species; aquated ions and ions in aqueous solution.
Davenport, Derek A.; Fosterling, Robert B.; Srinivasan, Viswanathan J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 93.
Inner Transition Elements |
Metals |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Stoichiometry |
Gases |
Transition Elements |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Isotopes
|
Electroplating of polyethylene Gorodetsky, Malka
In the process of reorganizing a first-year chemistry laboratory for engineering students the authors have developed experiments that reproduce the approach in solving industrial chemical problems.
Gorodetsky, Malka J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 66.
Industrial Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals
|
Biochemical roles of some essential metal ions J. Chem. Educ. Staff
Summarizes the important biochemical roles played by ions of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, cobalt, and copper.
J. Chem. Educ. Staff J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 761.
Metals |
Organometallics |
Bioinorganic Chemistry
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
330-333. Four questions and their answers; includes comments made by readers on earlier questions 130, 153, 154, 171, 172, 181.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 678.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Metals |
pH
|
Non-polluting treatment of the waste of chromic acid mixture Shirai, Michiko; Matsumoto, Yoshio
Regenerating the waste of chromic acid mixtures.
Shirai, Michiko; Matsumoto, Yoshio J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 609.
Laboratory Management |
Metals
|
Emphasis on elements J. Chem. Educ. Staff
Lists major metals and minerals, current metal reserves, and elemental composition of the human body and the oceans. [Debut]
J. Chem. Educ. Staff J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 551.
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Geochemistry |
Metals
|
Vanadium for high school students Grant, A. Ward, Jr.
After the instructor performs the reduction of vanadium(V) as a demonstration, students can perform the oxidation of the vanadium(II) back to its original state.
Grant, A. Ward, Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 500.
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Oxidation State |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals |
Transition Elements
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
303-308. Six practical, environmental chemistry application questions and their answers. Q303 submitted by Jerry Ray Dias.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 369.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Metals |
Toxicology |
Coordination Compounds |
Membranes |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure
|
A demonstration in solid state chemistry: The nonstoichiometry of nickel oxide, NiO Perrino, Charles T.; Johnson, Robert
A simple experiment to demonstrate the nonstoichiometric synthesis of nickel oxide.
Perrino, Charles T.; Johnson, Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 367.
Stoichiometry |
Oxidation State |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Solid State Chemistry |
Metals
|
Alkali metal anions. An unusual oxidation state Dye, James L.
There can no longer be any doubt that the 1- oxidation state of the alkali metals exists under a variety of conditions.
Dye, James L. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 332.
Metals |
Oxidation State
|
Lecture demonstration of the various oxidation states of manganese Arora, C. L.
Showing the colors associated with seven different oxidation states of magnesium and methods for preparing each.
Arora, C. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 302.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Oxidation State |
Transition Elements |
Metals
|
Display of sodium as a shiny metal Davidson, Scott
Involves adding a few drops of a high molecular weight secondary alcohol to delay oxidation of the sodium while stored under kerosene.
Davidson, Scott J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 29.
Metals
|
The failings of the law of definite proportions Suchow, Lawrence
Inorganic solids often violate the law of definite proportions.
Suchow, Lawrence J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 367.
Stoichiometry |
Solids |
Transition Elements |
Metals
|
Brass McCormick, P. D.
A spectacular illustration of a diffusion process in solid copper - transforming a copper penny into brass (or "gold") using NaOH and zinc.
McCormick, P. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 102.
Metals |
Solids
|
A study of water pollution. An undergraduate chemistry laboratory experience Sarkis, Vahak D.
In addition to its environmental relevance, a water pollution study of the inorganic constituents in water as outlined in this article, provides the student with certain important principles of chemistry namely, colorimetric and titrimetric procedures.
Sarkis, Vahak D. J. Chem. Educ. 1974, 51, 745.
Applications of Chemistry |
Metals |
Green Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
|
A novel approach for qualitative analysis Ophadt, Charles E.
This qualitative analysis series allows students to spend a semester exploring the behavior of one ion during the course of a semester that might not be readily learned from a textbook.
Ophadt, Charles E. J. Chem. Educ. 1974, 51, 415.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
Six questions that can be answered with the application of basic chemical principles.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 847.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Metals |
Plant Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Some reactions of tungsten: A lecture demonstration Nelson, D. L.; Reeves, R. R.; Richtol, H. H.
Several demonstrations involving reactions of tungsten.
Nelson, D. L.; Reeves, R. R.; Richtol, H. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 810.
Metals |
Reactions |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Charge and mass of the electron. An introductory experiment Thompson, C. C.
Procedure for the electrolytic determination of the charge and mass of the electron requiring only the use of a balance and the careful recording of data.
Thompson, C. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 435.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Electrochemistry |
Metals
|
Commercial gas replaces hydrogen in general chemistry laboratory Ehlert, Thomas C.
Methane can be used in place of hydrogen to reduce metal oxides.
Ehlert, Thomas C. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 162.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Laboratory Management |
Gases |
Metals
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
Seven questions requiring an application of basic principles of chemistry.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 831.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Gases |
Dyes / Pigments |
Metals
|
Water analysis experiment Anderlick, Barbara
Analyzing various water samples for the presence of a variety of ions.
Anderlick, Barbara J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 749.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Metals
|
The effect of ligands on hydrolysis constants of transition metal ions Morrow, Jack I.
This procedure examines the effect that ligands in the inner coordination sphere have upon the chemical behavior of transition metal ions.
Morrow, Jack I. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 748.
Coordination Compounds |
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Crystal Field / Ligand Field Theory |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
|
A simple, effective demonstration of magnetic properties of materials Burke, John A., Jr.
A simple demonstration of diamagnetism that requires only a magnet of a few kilogauss in strength.
Burke, John A., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 568.
Magnetic Properties |
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Transition Elements
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
Six questions requiring the application of basic principles of chemistry.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 538.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Astrochemistry |
Stoichiometry |
Metals
|
The identification of an unknown alloy. A first experiment in elementary chemistry Watson, Naola V.
The experiments which are often used as an introduction to the laboratory in beginning chemistry courses are considered by many students to be sheer buys work. This experiment is devised to provide students with an interesting and meaningful introduction to the laboratory.
Watson, Naola V. J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 324.
Qualitative Analysis |
Metallurgy |
Metals
|
Model to illustrate bonding and symmetry of transition metal complexes Betteridge, D.
Describes a physical model used to demonstrate the combination of atomic orbitals of the transition metal ion with those on surrounding ligands to give molecular orbitals.
Betteridge, D. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 824.
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Coordination Compounds |
Molecular Modeling |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Group Theory / Symmetry
|
Some "real life" applications of solubility: Iron, iron everywhere but not a drop to drink Brasted, Robert C.
Although Hawaiian pineapples grow in red soils whose iron composition may exceed 20%, they starve for iron because it is in an insoluble form; also considers applications of the insolubility of other transition metals.
Brasted, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 634.
Applications of Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Plant Chemistry |
Agricultural Chemistry |
Metals |
Transition Elements |
Oxidation State
|
Some "real life" applications of solubility: Iron, iron everywhere but not a drop to drink Brasted, Robert C.
Although Hawaiian pineapples grow in red soils whose iron composition may exceed 20%, they starve for iron because it is in an insoluble form; also considers applications of the insolubility of other transition metals.
Brasted, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 634.
Applications of Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Plant Chemistry |
Agricultural Chemistry |
Metals |
Transition Elements |
Oxidation State
|
Role of f electrons in chemical binding Johnson, O.
Data presented suggests that f electrons, by their ineffective screening of the nuclear charge, exert an indirect effect on the binding strength of actions.
Johnson, O. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 431.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metals |
Transition Elements
|
The periodic systems of D. I. Mendeleev and problems of nuclear chemistry Gol'danskii, V. I.; translated by Avakian, Peter
Examines the acquisition and identification of new chemical elements and the structure of the eighth period of the periodic table.
Gol'danskii, V. I.; translated by Avakian, Peter J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 406.
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Metals
|
Isomerism in transition metal complexes: An experiment for freshman chemistry laboratory Foust, Richard D., Jr.; Ford, Peter C.
In this experiment students synthesize two isomers, cis- and trans-dichlorobis(ethylenediamine)-cobalt(III) chloride.
Foust, Richard D., Jr.; Ford, Peter C. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 165.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Coordination Compounds |
Diastereomers |
Synthesis
|
Metals of groups IV-VIII. Group VI (Chromium) Alyea, Hubert N.; Cooper, Edwin H.
The preparation of various chromium compounds from chromite ore.
Alyea, Hubert N.; Cooper, Edwin H. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, A452.
Metals
|
Metals of groups IV-VIII. Group V (Vanadium). Alyea, Hubert N.; Bernard Robert
A demonstration of the oxidation states of vanadium.
Alyea, Hubert N.; Bernard Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, A452.
Metals |
Oxidation State
|
Metals of groups IV-VIII. Group IV (Ti, Sn, Pb) Alyea, Hubert N.; Jackman, Kenneth V.; Dunham S. S.; Johnson L. P.; Palermo, Alphonse
Six overhead demonstrations involving titanium, tin, and lead.
Alyea, Hubert N.; Jackman, Kenneth V.; Dunham S. S.; Johnson L. P.; Palermo, Alphonse J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, A451.
Metals
|
An improved equivalent weight apparatus Brown, Oliver L.
Presents an improved apparatus for the reaction of weighed samples of metals with hydrochloric acid and the measurement of the volume of hydrogen evolved.
Brown, Oliver L. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 617.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Metals |
Laboratory Management |
Reactions |
Gases |
Stoichiometry
|
Chemical queries. Especially for introductory chemistry teachers Young, J. A.; Malik, J. G.; Quagliano, James V.; Danehy, James P.
(1) Why different potential for copper/zinc cells when using nitrates vs. sulfates? Why is neither cell potential as large as predicted by Nerst equation? (2) Do elements in the zinc subgroup belong to the transition series? - answer by Quagliano. (3) How can the 2,4,5-trichloro derivative of phenoxyacetic acid be prepared? - answer by Danehy.
Young, J. A.; Malik, J. G.; Quagliano, James V.; Danehy, James P. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 227.
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Metals |
Synthesis |
Aromatic Compounds
|
Reactions of metals and sulfur Walker, Noojin
An iron nail reacts with sulfur to produce iron(II) sulfide.
Walker, Noojin J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, A901.
Metals |
Reactions
|
Studying the chemical properties of metallic aluminum Feifer, Nathan
Studying the chemical properties of aluminum is made much easier by first producing an amalgam by treating aluminum with mercurous nitrate.
Feifer, Nathan J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 648.
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Group 1. The Alkali Metals. The Copper Group Mancuso, Carl J.; Alyea, Hubert N.
Demonstrations include the density and melting point of copper versus sodium, the conductivity of sodium, the reactivity with water of groups IA vs IB, and the stability of CO3--, HCO3-, and hydroxides of groups IA vs IB.
Mancuso, Carl J.; Alyea, Hubert N. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A919.
Metals |
Reactions |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Physical Properties
|
Metallurgy E. Metals and Alloys Rogers, Crosby U.; Owens, Charles
Demonstrates low-melting alloys.
Rogers, Crosby U.; Owens, Charles J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A919.
Metals
|
Metallurgy E. Metals and Alloys Alyea, Hubert N.; Soule, Dean; Rogers, Crosby U.
Demonstrations include the conductivity, expansion through heating, and identification of metals.
Alyea, Hubert N.; Soule, Dean; Rogers, Crosby U. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A717.
Metallurgy |
Metals |
Conductivity |
Qualitative Analysis
|
Metallurgy D. Refining the Metal Alyea, Hubert N.
Copper refined by electroplating.
Alyea, Hubert N. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A717.
Metallurgy |
Metals |
Electrochemistry
|
Metallurgy C. Reducton of Ore Rogers, Crosby U.
Demonstrations include the reduction of Cu2O with charcoal, heating zinc carbonate, and zinc sulfide heated in air.
Rogers, Crosby U. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A717.
Metallurgy |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Group 1. The Alkali Metals C. The Copper Group Alyea, Hubert N.; Mancuso, Carl J.; Bernard, Robert
Demonstrations include electroplating copper, Fehling's test, the silver mirror (Ag+ + tartrate), insoluble silver salts, photo-film + hypo, hypo fixer + silver coin, and a solution of gold in aqua-regia.
Alyea, Hubert N.; Mancuso, Carl J.; Bernard, Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A1005.
Electrochemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Metals
|
Inorganic chemistry. Volume 1, principles and non-metals. Volume 2, metals (Phillips, C. S. G.; Williams, R. J. P.) Zuckerman, J. J.
Zuckerman, J. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A73.
Nonmetals |
Metals
|
Crystal models Olsen, Robert C.
This short note illustrates a model designed to demonstrate the number of particles in a crystal that can be assigned to a unit cell.
Olsen, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 728.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Molecular Modeling |
Solids |
Metals |
Metallic Bonding
|
Anticipating "valences" from electron configurations Eichinger, Jack W., Jr.
Describes a procedure for predicting "valences" from electron configurations that works well for most metals.
Eichinger, Jack W., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 689.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metals |
Transition Elements
|
Detection of iron with salicylimine Poonia, N. S.; Bakre, V. P.; Bal, M. S.
Describes the detection of iron with salicylimine.
Poonia, N. S.; Bakre, V. P.; Bal, M. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 483.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals
|
Reagents for analysis of iron(II)-iron(III) mixtures Lal, Sudarshan; Srivastava, S. N.
Presents some analytical reagents that may be used for the analysis of iron(II)-iron(III) mixtures.
Lal, Sudarshan; Srivastava, S. N. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 482.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals
|
Detection of mercury(I) and mercury(II) in the presence of each other Lal, Sudarshan; Srivastava, S. N.
Presents some analytical reagents that may be used for the analysis of mercury(I) and mercury(II) in the presence of each other.
Lal, Sudarshan; Srivastava, S. N. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 482.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals
|
Some analytical reagents for tin(II)-tin(IV) mixtures Lal, Sudarshan; Srivastava, S. N.
Presents some analytical reagents that may be used for the analysis of tin(II)-tin(IV) mixtures.
Lal, Sudarshan; Srivastava, S. N. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 481.
Qualitative Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Metals
|
Spot tests for silver(I) and manganese(II) Poonia, N. S.; Gupta, H. K. L.
This investigation introduces piperidine as a new reagent for this test and describes an improved technique with increased sensitivity.
Poonia, N. S.; Gupta, H. K. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 480.
Qualitative Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Metals
|
Dodecyl sodium sulfate as a reagent for the detection of potassium Neman, R. L.
The proposed test involves the addition of an aqueous solution of dodecyl sodium sulfate to precipitate dodecyl potassium sulfate.
Neman, R. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 479.
Qualitative Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Metals
|
An analogy for elementary band theory concepts in solids Weller, Paul F.
The author presents analogies to help students understand insulators and metals, semiconductors, and the p-n junction.
Weller, Paul F. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 391.
Semiconductors |
Solid State Chemistry |
Metals
|
The electron repulsion theory of the chemical bond. I. New models of atomic structure Luder, W. F.
Describes the electron repulsion theory of electron configuration and applies it to representative elements.
Luder, W. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 206.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Covalent Bonding |
Metals
|
Energy B. Heat energy Hornbeck, Leroy G.; Noerdin, Isjrin; Alyea, Hubert N.
Demonstrations presented include the absorption of black vs white surfaces, the heat ignition of touching flash-bulbs, the low heat of combustion of guncotton, and the heats of displacement of metals.
Hornbeck, Leroy G.; Noerdin, Isjrin; Alyea, Hubert N. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, A978.
Metals |
Thermodynamics
|
Chemistry of the rare-earth elements (Topp, N. E.) Moeller, Therald
Moeller, Therald J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, A160.
Metals
|
An analogy for the band theory of metals van Reuth, E. C.
Presents a useful analogy for teaching students the band theory of metals.
van Reuth, E. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 484.
Metals |
Solid State Chemistry |
Semiconductors
|
Units of measurement: An early application of Avogadro's number Brasted, Robert C.
A comparison is made between the measured volume of a regular metallic solid and its theoretical volume as calculated using Avogadro's number.
Brasted, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 472.
Stoichiometry |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Metals |
Physical Properties
|
Experiments on metal amine salts Haight, G. P., Jr.
Tetrammine monaquo copper(II) sulfate is prepared and studied qualitatively and quantitatively.
Haight, G. P., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 468.
Metals |
Covalent Bonding |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis
|
Metallic reduction of aqueous hydrogen chloride Walker, Noojin, Jr.
Calcium reacts with HCl to liberate hydrogen gas.
Walker, Noojin, Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, A477.
Reactions |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals |
Electrochemistry
|
The extraction of metals from ores Keubel, A.
Provides suggestions for research based on earlier published articles.
Keubel, A. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, A186.
Undergraduate Research |
Metals |
Separation Science
|
Alkali metal-water reactions Markowitz, Meyer M.
The typical open-air demonstration of sodium reacting with water does not in reality represent the typical reaction of an alkali metal with liquid water; the article goes on to consider other factors that may influence these reactions.
Markowitz, Meyer M. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 633.
Reactions |
Metals |
Water / Water Chemistry
|
An experiment with galvanic cells: For the general chemistry laboratory Dillard, Clyde R.; Kammeyer, Patty Hall
Describes a simple, low-cost galvanic cell and its use to compare various metallic electrodes.
Dillard, Clyde R.; Kammeyer, Patty Hall J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 363.
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Metals
|
Close packing of atoms: A lecture demonstration Mellor, D. P.; Shuk, V.
This lecture demonstration illustrates the close packing of atoms and the effect of melting; it relies on steel balls and a permanent magnet.
Mellor, D. P.; Shuk, V. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 130.
Metals |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
|
Analysis of an aluminum-zinc alloy: A general chemistry laboratory Masterton, W. L.
In this experiment, students determine the percentage composition of an aluminum-zinc alloy by measuring the volume of hydrogen generated when reacted with excess acid.
Masterton, W. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 558.
Metals
|
A paper chromatographic scheme for the identification of metallic ions Ritchie, A. S.
Presents a scheme for the identification of metallic ions through paper chromatography.
Ritchie, A. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 400.
Chromatography |
Metals |
Qualitative Analysis
|
The separation of rare earths: A project for high school chemistry students Powell, J. E.; Spedding, F. H.; James, D. B.
The separation of rare earths on an ion-exchange column is a very interesting and dramatic experiment to perform, since it represents the solution of one of the most formidable chemical separation problems confronting the inorganic chemist.
Powell, J. E.; Spedding, F. H.; James, D. B. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 629.
Metals |
Transition Elements |
Separation Science |
Ion Exchange
|
Solubility of gold in mercury Brown, John B.
Contrary to the statements found in many chemistry textbooks, gold is not appreciably soluble in mercury.
Brown, John B. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 415.
Metals |
Precipitation / Solubility
|
A schematic representation of valence Sanderson, R. T.
This paper describes a new chart representing the valence structure of atoms; by studying this chart, with the help of a few simple rules, students of elementary chemistry can acquire a useful understanding of chemical combination.
Sanderson, R. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 541.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Transition Elements |
Metals |
Nonmetals
|
Textbook errors: Guest column. The solubility product constants of the metallic sulfides Waggoner, William H.
This report reviews direct and indirect methods for investigating the solubility of substances, including conductance, potentiometric, optical, equilibrium, and thermodynamic procedures.
Waggoner, William H. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 339.
Precipitation / Solubility |
Equilibrium |
Metals |
Conductivity
|
Models of metal coordination compounds Myers, R. Thomas
Suggestions for modifying traditional molecular model kits to illustrate common types of coordination compounds.
Myers, R. Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 152.
Metals |
Coordination Compounds |
Molecular Modeling
|
The Role of Chemistry in Modern Metallurgical Engineering Burr, Arthur A.
A review and summary of chemistry in curricula for metallurgical engineering.
Burr, Arthur A. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 100.
Metals |
Metallurgy |
Industrial Chemistry
|
The analysis of a silver-copper alloy Baine, Ogden; Banewicz, John
The copper in silver-brazing alloy is analyzed colorimetrically using a simple photometer constructed for this experiment.
Baine, Ogden; Banewicz, John J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 297.
Metals |
Instrumental Methods |
Quantitative Analysis
|
An electronic distinction between metals and nonmetals Sanderson, R. T.
Presents a simple empirical rule for the fundamental properties that determine whether an element is metallic, metalloid, or nonmetallic.
Sanderson, R. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 229.
Metals |
Nonmetals |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Metalloids / Semimetals
|
Determination of the equivalent weight of metals: A freshman research project Wolthuis, Enno; DeVries, Dale; Poutsma, Marvin
This procedure involves a gravimetric method in which zinc, cadmium, or manganese is reacted in acid and the resulting solution is heated to dryness.
Wolthuis, Enno; DeVries, Dale; Poutsma, Marvin J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 133.
Stoichiometry |
Metals |
Gravimetric Analysis
|
Raw materials for American industry Keirstead, Ralph E.
The author argues for broadening the treatment of raw materials in the introductory chemistry course.
Keirstead, Ralph E. J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 606.
Industrial Chemistry |
Metals
|
An introduction to the electron theory of metals Lefever, Robert A.
This discussion is intended to provide a general background for the understanding of metal physics as well as a basis for more advanced study.
Lefever, Robert A. J. Chem. Educ. 1953, 30, 486.
Metals |
Atomic Properties / Structure
|
Demonstration of the intermediate position of cobalt between iron and nickel Goldstein, Ernst M.
The different oxidizability of ferrous, cobaltous, and nickelous hydroxides, together with increasing color deepness of the oxidation products, can be used to demonstrate that cobalt is intermediate in its properties between iron and nickel.
Goldstein, Ernst M. J. Chem. Educ. 1953, 30, 387.
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Metals |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Qualitative Analysis
|
The overhead projector and chemical demonstrations Slabaugh, W. H.
Chemical demonstrations described for use with an overhead projector include the relative activity of metals, the electrolysis of water, the random motion of gas molecules, the action of metal couples, the relative strength of acids, the qualitative aspects of optical activity, and electrochemistry.
Slabaugh, W. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 579.
Metals |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Acids / Bases |
Electrochemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
|
|
