| Journal Articles: 36 results |
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The Synthesis of N-Benzyl-2-azanorbornene via Aqueous Hetero Diels–Alder Reaction Xavier Sauvage and Lionel Delaude
Characterization of the product of this organic synthesis through IR and NMR data analysis provides valuable material to familiarize students with different types of protonproton coupling patterns and their typical ranges, serves to illustrate the concepts of green chemistry and atom efficiency, and can be used to exemplify structural analysis and computational studies.
Sauvage, Xavier; Delaude, Lionel. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1538.
Alkenes |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Conformational Analysis |
Green Chemistry |
IR Spectroscopy |
Molecular Modeling |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Stereochemistry |
Synthesis
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The Comparative Nucleophilicity of Naphthoxide Derivatives in Reactions with a Fast-Red TR Dye Cheryl M. Mascarenhas
In this experiment, organic chemistry students perform reactions between three naphthyl acetate derivatives and the diazonium salt Fast-Red TR. Students discover under what conditions the hydrolysis and electrophilic aromatic substitution is fastest and slowest, allowing them to conclude that latter, rather than the former, is rate-limiting.
Mascarenhas, Cheryl M. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1271.
Alcohols |
Aromatic Compounds |
Dyes / Pigments |
Esters |
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Synthesis |
Thin Layer Chromatography |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
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Synthesis and Characterization of 9-Hydroxyphenalenone Using 2D NMR Techniques Benjamin Caes and Dell Jensen Jr.
The synthesis of 9-Hydroxyphenalenone produces a planar multicyclic beta-ketoenol, the tautomerization of which results in C2v symmetry on the NMR time scale, thus simplifying the spectra and providing a unique structure for teaching 2D NMR spectroscopy.
Caes, Benjamin; Jensen, Dell, Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 413.
Alcohols |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Aromatic Compounds |
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Synthesis
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Astrochemistry Examples in the Classroom Reggie L. Hudson
In this article some recent developments in astrochemistry are suggested as examples for the teaching of acid-base chemistry, molecular structure, and chemical reactivity. Suggestions for additional reading are provided, with an emphasis on readily-accessible materials.
Hudson, Reggie L. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1611.
Acids / Bases |
Astrochemistry |
IR Spectroscopy |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Brønsted-Lowry Acids / Bases
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Synthesis of Methyl Diantilis, a Commercially Important Fragrance William H. Miles and Katelyn B. Connell
Describes the synthesis of a family of fragrances, including the commercially important Methyl Diantilis, and provides an excellent introduction to intellectual property laws.
Miles, William H.; Connell, Katelyn B. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 285.
Alcohols |
Food Science |
Catalysis |
Ethers |
Industrial Chemistry |
IR Spectroscopy |
Lewis Acids / Bases |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Synthesis
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Presumptive and Confirmatory Drug Tests Craig Anderson
Tests for illegal drugs were performed on unknowns obtained from over-the-counter cold medicines. Substances that tested positive for the qualitative Marquis color test were found to be false positives for illegal substances, while scopolamine hydrochloride shows a false positive for cocaine hydrochloride with the cobalt thiocyanate reagent.
Anderson, Craig. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1809.
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Qualitative Analysis |
Acids / Bases |
Gas Chromatography |
IR Spectroscopy |
Mass Spectrometry
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The Virtual ChemLab Project: A Realistic and Sophisticated Simulation of Organic Synthesis and Organic Qualitative Analysis Brian F. Woodfield, Merritt B. Andrus, Gregory L. Waddoups, Melissa S. Moore, Richard Swan, Rob Allen, Greg Bodily, Tricia Andersen, Jordan Miller, Bryon Simmons, and Richard Stanger
Describes a set of sophisticated and realistic laboratory simulations for use in freshman- and sophomore-level chemistry classes and laboratories called Virtual ChemLab. The purpose of these simulations is to reinforce concepts taught in the classroom, provide an environment for creative learning, and emphasize the thinking behind instructional laboratory experiments.
Woodfield, Brian F.; Andrus, Merritt B.; Waddoups, Gregory L.; Moore, Melissa S.; Swan, Richard; Allen, Rob; Bodily, Greg; Andersen, Tricia; Miller, Jordan; Simmons, Bryon; Stanger, Richard. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1728.
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Qualitative Analysis |
Synthesis |
Reactions |
Thin Layer Chromatography
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A GC–MS Analysis of an SN2 Reaction for the Organic Laboratory Malgorzata M. Clennan and Edward L. Clennan
This experiment utilizes an SN2 reaction between an alkyl bromide and potassium acetate to introduce the use of mass spectrometry for structural identification. It also provides students with experience in organic synthesis, the use of IR to identify functional groups, and the use of gas chromatography and response factors to determine product ratios.
Clennan, Malgorzata M.; Clennan, Edward L. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1676.
IR Spectroscopy |
Mass Spectrometry |
Synthesis |
Chromatography |
Esters |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Microscale Lab |
Gas Chromatography
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Generation, Isolation, and Characterization of a Stable Enol from Grignard Addition to a Bis-Ester. A Microscale Experiment for the Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Olivier J.-C. Nicaise, Kyle F. Ostrom, and Brent J. Dalke
A microscale experiment for the undergraduate organic chemistry laboratory that consists of preparing and characterizing an alpha-ketoester and its corresponding, remarkably stable enol form, has been developed. The reaction is that of a Grignard reagent with a bis-ester. A difference in reaction temperature is responsible for the selective generation of the alpha-ketoester and the enol ester. Analysis of spectral data (1H NMR and IR) and a knowledge of organic reactions allows the students to determine the detailed structure of the two reaction products and also to suggest a mechanism for their formation. This experiment introduces students to the concept of stability of the tetrahedral intermediate in acyl-transfer reactions. It also gives them a taste of the unexpected.
Nicaise, Olivier J.-C.; Ostrom, Kyle F.; Dalke, Brent J. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1059.
IR Spectroscopy |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Microscale Lab |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Organometallics |
Reactive Intermediates |
Synthesis
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Fluorescence and Light Scattering Ronald J. Clarke and Anna Oprysa
This experiment allows students to discover the fundamental experimental difference between fluorescence and light scattering; namely, that the wavelength of fluorescence is independent of the excitation wavelength whereas the wavelength of scattered light increases with increasing excitation wavelength.
Clarke, Ronald J.; Oprysa, Anna. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 705.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
Raman Spectroscopy
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WebSpectra: Online NMR and IR Spectra for Students Craig A. Merlic, Barry C. Fam, and Michael M. Miller
WebSpectra is a World Wide Web site at UCLA through which organic chemistry students have convenient access to a library of problems in NMR and IR spectroscopy, ranging in difficulty from introductory to advanced. Students are presented with high-resolution spectra of unknown compounds in addition to the molecular formula.
Merlic, Craig A.; Fam, Barry C.; Miller, Michael M. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 118.
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Educational Applications of Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy: A Comparison of Experiment and Theory Brian L. McClain, Sara M. Clark, Ryan L. Gabriel, and Dor Ben-Amotz
This study compares experimental infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of selected molecules to calculated spectra using semiempirical and ab initio methods. These illustrate the complimentary nature of IR and Raman spectroscopies as well as the limitation and successes of computational methods in predicting molecular vibrational frequencies and intensities.
McClain, Brian L.; Clark, Sara M.; Gabriel, Ryan L.; Ben-Amotz, Dor. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 654.
Computational Chemistry |
IR Spectroscopy |
Quantum Chemistry |
Raman Spectroscopy
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Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy in the Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum M. Cecilia Yappert
The power of NIR spectroscopy is best and most often realized in the study of compounds containing O-H, N-H and C-H bonds. For example, the content of protein, moisture, carbohydrates, and lipids in complex samples can be determined with the use of NIR spectroscopy, without the need for time-consuming extraction steps.
Yappert, M. Cecilia. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 315.
IR Spectroscopy |
Quantitative Analysis
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Infrared Spectroscopy Determination of Lead Binding to Ethylenediaminotetraacetic Acid Alanah Fitch and Simona Dragan
In an attempt to improve a thematic lab sequence based on lead analysis of community derived samples, we have considered infrared spectroscopy as a method of determining the lead bound to ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA).
Fitch, Alanah; Dragan, Simona. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1018.
IR Spectroscopy |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Coordination Compounds
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Spectrophotometry (by Barbara Sawrey and Gabriele Wienhausen) reviewed by David Pringle
Spectrophotometry is an interactive CD-ROM which introduces the basics of UV-visible spectrophotometry with some mention of infrared and other forms of spectrophotometry. The CD is divided into six sections: Introduction, Background, A Detailed Look, The Spectrophotometer, Practice, and Quantitative Spectrophotometry.
Pringle, David. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 978.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy
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Spectra Interpretation of Organic Compounds (by Erno Pretsch and Jean Thomas Clerc) Phyllis A. Leber
An interactive spectroscopy course via the iterative solution of 15 spectral problems. An ancillary CD-ROM containing the SpecTeach version of the SpecTool software is provided with the text.
Leber, Phyllis A. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 695.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Preparation and characterization of deuterated crystalohydrates: An undergraduate inorganic or spectroscopic experiment Ivanovska, Marina; Stojanoski, Kiro; Zdravkovski, Zoran
Experiments with heavy water cannot usually be performed by students because of the high cost associated. This paper proposes a simple, inexpensive procedure for deuterating crystalohydrates that can be implemented either as an inorganic or spectroscopic experiment.
Ivanovska, Marina; Stojanoski, Kiro; Zdravkovski, Zoran J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 603.
Isotopes |
Water / Water Chemistry |
IR Spectroscopy
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A tandem Michael-aldol reaction sequence: An undergraduate research organic experiment Coutlangus, Marilyin L.; Filla, Sandra A.; Rowland, Alex T.
A short reaction sequence that allows students to determine by spectroscopic methods the constitutions of and stereochemistry in the reaction products.
Coutlangus, Marilyin L.; Filla, Sandra A.; Rowland, Alex T. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 520.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Spectroscopy |
Stereochemistry |
IR Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy
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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Part III. Applications Perkins, W. D.
Applications of FT-IR spectroscopy to aqueous solutions, circular internal reflection, samples with low transmission, diffuse reflectance, photoacoustic spectroscopy, infrared emission, and the infrared microscope.
Perkins, W. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, A296.
Fourier Transform Techniques |
IR Spectroscopy |
Instrumental Methods |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
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Spectroscopic analysis using the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum Crandall, Elbert W.
Review of the use of near-IR to study simple compounds (amines, hydroxyl, and carbonyl compounds) and polymers.
Crandall, Elbert W. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 466.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds |
Alcohols |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Interpreting infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of simple organic compounds for the beginner Ingham, A. M.; Henson, R. C.
Flowcharts to help the beginner become proficient in interpreting infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of simple organic compounds.
Ingham, A. M.; Henson, R. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 704.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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An experiment on isomerism in metal-amino acid complexes: Preparation and characterization of cobalt(III) complexes containing N-bonded monodentate, O-bonded monodentate and N,O-chelated glycine ligands Harrison, R. Graeme; Nolan, Kevin B.
Synthesis of three cobalt(III) complexes that illustrate three possible modes of bonding of glycine to a metal ion, as well as methods for distinguishing among the products.
Harrison, R. Graeme; Nolan, Kevin B. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 1054.
Stereochemistry |
Amino Acids |
Coordination Compounds |
Synthesis |
Diastereomers |
IR Spectroscopy |
Crystal Field / Ligand Field Theory
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Hydrogen bonding and proton transfer Joesten, Melvin D.
A review of the types of hydrogen bonds and discussion of the application of spectroscopic and diffraction methods to studies of moderate and strong hydrogen bonds.
Joesten, Melvin D. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 362.
Hydrogen Bonding |
Acids / Bases |
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Spectroscopy
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A simple demonstration of conformational equilibrium Partridge, D. A.
The infrared spectra of solutions of pinacol in tetrachloromethane with different molarities are compared to identify the presence of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding.
Partridge, D. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 508.
Equilibrium |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Conformational Analysis |
Hydrogen Bonding |
IR Spectroscopy
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Friedel-Crafts acylation: An experiment incorporating spectroscopic structure determination Schatz, Paul F.
Students use IR and NMR methods to determine the product of an aromatic substitution.
Schatz, Paul F. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 480.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Aromatic Compounds
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Fourier Transform Spectrometers - Part Two Low, M. J. D.
Surveys available commercial IR and UV spectrometers.
Low, M. J. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, A255.
Instrumental Methods |
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Fourier Transform Techniques |
IR Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
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The isomerization of xylenes. An experiment for the organic or instrumental laboratory Harbison, Kenneth G.
This experiment illustrates both qualitative and quantitative applications of infrared spectroscopy for the analysis of mixtures, as well as providing an interesting study of the mechanism of Friedel-Crafts reactions.
Harbison, Kenneth G. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 837.
Instrumental Methods |
Aromatic Compounds |
IR Spectroscopy |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Reactions |
Constitutional Isomers
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Use of infrared spectrophotometry in the analysis of limestone Kalbus, Gene E.; Kalbus, Lee H.
This paper reports an exploration and extension of the usefulness of infrared as a teaching aid in the field of inorganic analytical chemistry. Includes sample spectra and their analysis.
Kalbus, Gene E.; Kalbus, Lee H. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 314.
IR Spectroscopy |
Geochemistry |
Gravimetric Analysis |
Spectroscopy
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Interferometric spectroscopy in the far infrared Hurley, William J.
Examines interferometric spectroscopy instrumentation, interferograms, interferometry versus conventional spectroscopy, and some chemical applications of interferometric spectroscopy.
Hurley, William J. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 236.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
Instrumental Methods
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Introduction to infrared and raman spectroscopy (Colthup, Norman B.; Daly, Lawrence H.; Wiberley, Stephen E.) Wexler, Arthur S.
Wexler, Arthur S. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, A322.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
Raman Spectroscopy
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Mechanical aids for the interpretation of infrared absorption spectral data Slavin Donald G.
Examines the topics of spectral-structure correlation charts, book indices, the operation of "Spec-Finder," punched card identification systems, edge punched cards, and optical coincidence systems.
Slavin Donald G. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, A827.
Instrumental Methods |
IR Spectroscopy |
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
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The Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene: A first year organic laboratory experiment Dunathan, H. C.
This experiment involves the alkylation of benzene with each of the four butyl chlorides and aluminum chloride; the monobutylbenzenes from each reaction are then analyzed by vapor phase chromatography and IR spectroscopy.
Dunathan, H. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 278.
Aromatic Compounds |
Reactions |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
IR Spectroscopy
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Spectrometric identification of organic compounds Silverstein, Robert M.; Bassler, G. Clayton
Presents a sequence of procedures for identifying an unknown organic liquid using mass, NMR, IR, and UV spectroscopy, along with specific examples of unknowns and their spectra,
Silverstein, Robert M.; Bassler, G. Clayton J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 546.
Spectroscopy |
Qualitative Analysis |
Mass Spectrometry |
IR Spectroscopy |
NMR Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
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Inorganic infrared spectroscopy Ferraro, John R.
Focuses on the use of infrared spectroscopy in solving various problems in inorganic chemistry.
Ferraro, John R. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 201.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
Coordination Compounds |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Organometallics |
Ionic Bonding |
Covalent Bonding
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Infrared spectroscopy: A chemist's tool Pimentel, George C.
This paper serves as an introduction to infrared spectroscopy and seeks to explain why it has assumed such an important role in chemistry.
Pimentel, George C. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 651.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy
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Near infrared spectra: A neglected field of spectral study Wheeler, Owen H.
Examines several issues related to infrared spectroscopy, including challenges in instrumentation, spectral interpretation, and analytical applications.
Wheeler, Owen H. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 234.
Spectroscopy |
IR Spectroscopy |
Covalent Bonding
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