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Journal Articles: 34 results
Semiempirical and DFT Investigations of the Dissociation of Alkyl Halides  Jack R. Waas
Enthalpy changes corresponding to the gas phase heats of dissociation of 12 organic halides were calculated using two semiempirical methods, the HartreeFock method, and two DFT methods. All five methods agreed generally with the expected empirically known trends in the dissociation of alkyl halides.
Waas, Jack R. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1017.
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Computational Chemistry |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Molecular Modeling |
Reactions |
Reactive Intermediates |
Thermodynamics |
Elimination Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution
The Tragedy of Hamlet, Son of an Organic Chemist of Denmark  Ronald G. Brisbois
Herein, Hamlet (the son of an organic chemist of Denmark) is the surrogate of any and every student as he uses a thoroughly Shakespearean approach to sorting out some of the key distinguishing features of SN2 versus SN1 reactions.
Brisbois, Ronald G. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 502.
Kinetics |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Stereochemistry |
Nucleophilic Substitution
The Substitution–Elimination Mechanistic Disc Method  Paul T. Buonora and Yu Jin Lim
In this manuscript a mnemonic device designed to facilitate presentation of the competing SN1, SN2, E1, and E2 mechanisms is presented.
Buonora, Paul T.; Lim, Yu Jin. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 368.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Elimination Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution
Using Conductivity Devices in Nonaqueous Solutions II: Demonstrating the SN2 Mechanism  Thomas A. Newton and Beth Ann Hill
The use of a conductivity apparatus in nonaqueous solutions to demonstrate structurereactivity correlations and solvent effects in the SN2 reaction is described.
Newton, Thomas A.; Hill, Beth Ann. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 61.
Conductivity |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Using Conductivity Devices in Nonaqueous Solutions I: Demonstrating the SN1 Mechanism  Thomas A. Newton and Beth Ann Hill
The use of a conductivity apparatus in nonaqueous solutions to demonstrate structurereactivity correlations and solvent effects in the SN1 reaction is described.
Newton, Thomas A.; Hill, Beth Ann. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 58.
Conductivity |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Spiral Puzzle for Organic Chemistry Students  Ender Erdik
Puzzle to review organic reactions and their reagents.
Erdik, Ender. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 428.
Synthesis |
Learning Theories |
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Addition Reactions |
Alkylation |
Electrophilic Substitution |
Elimination Reactions |
Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Grignard Reagents
Of Magnets and Mechanisms  Edward G. Neeland
Using magnets to demonstrate the electron flow (mechanism) of nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Neeland, Edward G. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 186.
Magnetic Properties |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Learning Theories |
Nucleophilic Substitution
Intermediates, Transition States, Butterflies, and Frogs  Trevor M. Kitson
The changes that occur in typical simple SN1 and SN2 reactions are compared to the metamorphoses undergone by caterpillars and tadpoles, respectively.
Kitson, Trevor M. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 504.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Reactive Intermediates |
Nucleophilic Substitution
Molecular Orbital Animations for Organic Chemistry  Steven A. Fleming, Greg R. Hart, and Paul B. Savage
Introduces the application of highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs and LUMOs) in animated form.
Fleming, Steven A.; Hart, Greg R.; Savage, Paul B. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 790.
MO Theory |
Molecular Modeling |
Mathematics / Symbolic Mathematics |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Electrophilic Substitution |
Nucleophilic Substitution
Mechanism Templates: Lecture Aids for Effective Presentation of Mechanism in Introductory Organic Chemistry  Brian J. McNelis
To promote active student learning of mechanism in introductory organic chemistry, hand-outs have been developed with incomplete structures for reaction processes depicted, which are called mechanism templates. The key to these lecture aids is to provide only enough detail in the diagram to facilitate notetaking, ensuring that these templates are dynamic learning tools that must be utilized by an engaged and alert student.
Brian J. McNelis. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 479.
Learning Theories |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Reactions |
Addition Reactions |
Acids / Bases |
Electrophilic Substitution |
Nucleophilic Substitution
Nucleophilic Addition vs. Substituion: A Puzzle for the Organic Laboratory  Ernest F. Silversmith
The chemistry of beta-carbonyl compounds is studied. Beta-carbonyl compounds react with hydrazines to give products with a 5-membered ring containing two nitrogens. The experiment makes students determine whether ethyl 2-acetyl-3-oxobutanoate reacts like a beta-diketone or like a beta-keto ester.
Silversmith, Ernest F. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 221.
Learning Theories |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Esters |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Visualizing the SN2 Inversion  Rosan, Alan M.
Slight modification to the construction of the model presented.
Rosan, Alan M. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A228.
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Animation of Imaginary Frequencies at the Transition State  Higgins, Robert H.
176. Computer simulations of reactions mechanisms using HyperChem and ChemPlus software.
Higgins, Robert H. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 703.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Reactive Intermediates |
Computational Chemistry |
Nucleophilic Substitution
Propylene Oxide Addition to Hydrochloric Acid: A Textbook Error  Rebecca E. Phillips and Robert L. Soulen
Procedure illustrating organic synthesis involving propylene oxide, a major industrial chemical, and important features of the SN1 and SN2 mechanisms (there are some differences on how this reaction is described in several organic textbooks).
Phillips, Rebecca E.; Soulen, Robert L. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 624.
Synthesis |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution
A Model To Show the SN2 Inversion  Sands, Richard D.; Dressman, Devin C.; Wyatt, Shawn R.
Paper model illustrating the SN2 inversion.
Sands, Richard D.; Dressman, Devin C.; Wyatt, Shawn R. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 428.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Molecular Modeling
Chart for Deciding Mechanism for Reaction of Alkyl Halide with Nucleophile/Base  McClelland, Bruce W.
The decision chart offered here is based upon the well-known and accepted characteristics of the reaction system mechanisms described in typical introductory organic chemistry textbooks.
McClelland, Bruce W. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 1047.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution
A New Approach To Teaching Organic Chemical Mechanisms  Wentland, Stephen H.
Describing the mechanisms of organic reactions using five simple steps or operations.
Wentland, Stephen H. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 3.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Addition Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Electrophilic Substitution |
Elimination Reactions |
Resonance Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Two working models for the SN2 mechanism  Anderson, Martin M.
Design of an articulated physical model demonstrating the mechanism of the SN2 reaction.
Anderson, Martin M. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 1023.
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Molecular Modeling
The reactivity selectivity principle: Should it ever be used?  Buncel, Erwin; Wilson, Harold
Applications and failures of the reactivity selectivity principle; quantitative aspects of the reactivity selectivity principle; and rationalization of reactivity selectivity principle failures.
Buncel, Erwin; Wilson, Harold J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 475.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Free Radicals |
Carbocations |
Nucleophilic Substitution
A molecular model for SN2 reactions  Newman, Melvin S.
Plan for a homemade mechanical model designed to demonstrate many of the features of SN2 reactions.
Newman, Melvin S. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 462.
Molecular Mechanics / Dynamics |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Reactions
SN1 and SN2 reactions: Paper marionette for demonstration  Sone, Yachiyo; Sone, Kozo
Describes the construction of a paper marionette for demonstrating SN1 and SN2 reactions.
Sone, Yachiyo; Sone, Kozo J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 615.
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Reactions |
Molecular Modeling
Nucleophilic substitution reactions at secondary carbon atoms. A modification of accepted views  Raber, Douglas J.; Harris, J. Milton
Considers reaction mechanisms that are intermediate between SN1 and SN2 and the possible role of ion pairs.
Raber, Douglas J.; Harris, J. Milton J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 60.
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry. Concerted reactions  Caserio, Marjorie C.
Examines displacement and elimination, cyclization, and rearrangement reactions, as well as theoretical considerations and generalized selection rules.
Caserio, Marjorie C. J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 782.
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Elimination Reactions
Donor-acceptor interactions in organic chemistry  Sunderwirth, S. G.
The purpose of this article is to aid teachers in making even more effective use of theoretical considerations in teaching organic chemistry; the primary objective is to emphasize the underlying principles that are common to the following four basic types of reactions: substitution, addition, elimination, and rearrangement.
Sunderwirth, S. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 728.
Reactions |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Addition Reactions |
Elimination Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution
An experiment to illustrate nucleophilic aromatic substitution and tautomerism  Farmer, J. L.; Haws, E. J.
Students hydrolyze 2-chloropyridine and then examine the tautomeric mixture produced using infrared spectroscopy.
Farmer, J. L.; Haws, E. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 41.
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Aromatic Compounds |
Synthesis |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
IR Spectroscopy
Resolution and stereochemistry of asymmetric silicon, germanium, tin, and lead compounds  Belloli, Robert
It is the purpose of this review to summarize the results of stereochemical studies on compounds containing an asymmetric group IVA atom.
Belloli, Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 640.
Stereochemistry |
Organometallics |
Enantiomers |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution
Preparation of p-anisole: An organic chemistry experiment  Smith, Richard F.; Bates, Alvin C.
In this experiment, p-anisaldehyde is converted to p-anisonitrile by a modification of the three-step aldehyde-nitrile synthesis of Smith and Walker.
Smith, Richard F.; Bates, Alvin C. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 174.
Synthesis |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Addition Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Elimination Reactions |
Catalysis
Bimolecular nucleophilic displacement reactions  Edwards, John O.
The bimolecular nucleophilic displacement reaction is important and should be included in any detailed discussion of kinetics and mechanism at an early undergraduate level.
Edwards, John O. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 386.
Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Kinetics |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Substitution reactions in octahedral complexes  Jones, G. R. H.
Examines the possibility of direct substitution, in aqueous solution, of a ligand in an octahedral complex by a nucleophile other than water or OH-.
Jones, G. R. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 657.
Coordination Compounds |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Transition Elements |
Metals
Reaction mechanisms in organic chemistry. I. The experimental approach  Caserio, Marjorie C.
Reviews a variety of method that may be employed to determine the mechanism of organic reactions.
Caserio, Marjorie C. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 570.
Reactions |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Reactive Intermediates |
Kinetics |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Addition Reactions |
Elimination Reactions
A simple model for the SN2 mechanism.  Nyquist, H. LeRoy
Presents a simple, physical model for the SN2 mechanism.
Nyquist, H. LeRoy J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 103.
Molecular Modeling |
Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Nucleophlic substitution at a saturated carbon atom; Elimination reactions (Bunton, C. A.; Banthorpe, D. V.)  Bunnett, Joseph F.

Bunnett, Joseph F. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 406.
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Elimination Reactions |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Nucleophilic reactions at trigonally bonded carbon  Cash, R. Vincent
Examines the mechanisms of nucleophilic displacement reactions, nucleophilic addition reactions, and nucleophilic addition with elimination, all at trigonally bonded carbon.
Cash, R. Vincent J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 108.
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Reactions |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Addition Reactions |
Elimination Reactions
Multicenter and assisted mechanistic pathways in the reactions of organometallic compounds  Dessy, Raymond E.; Paulik, Frank
Examines a variety of nucleophilic and electrophilic, multicenter and assisted mechanistic pathways in the reactions of organometallic compounds.
Dessy, Raymond E.; Paulik, Frank J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 185.
Organometallics |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Electrophilic Substitution