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Entropy These processes are shown in reverse. The situations shown are so highly improbable that we would not expect to observe them in nature.
Thermodynamics
Endothermic Reaction Solid barium hydroxide octahydrate (Ba(OH)2*8H2O) and ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) are mixed in a beaker, which is then placed on a few drops of water on a small board. The reaction that occurs is highly endothermic.
Thermodynamics : CompareEntropyQual (16 Variations) Indicate which substance in each of the following pairs of substances you expect to have higher entropy. Assume that you have a mole of each substance and all substances are at the same temperature.
Mass-Elastic Band Thermodynamics: A Visual Teaching Aid at the Introductory LevelWilliam C. Galley Demonstrations of five spontaneous isothermal processes involving the coupling of a mass and elastic band and arising from combinations of enthalpy and entropy changes are presented and then dissected. Analogies are drawn between these processes and common spontaneous molecular events such as chemical reactions and phase transitions. Galley, William C. J. Chem. Educ.2007, 84, 1147.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Thermodynamics
Discovering the Thermodynamics of Simultaneous Equilibria. An Entropy Analysis Activity Involving Consecutive EquilibriaThomas H. Bindel This activity explores the thermodynamics of simultaneous, consecutive equilibria and is appropriate for second-year high school or AP chemistry. Students discover that a reactant-favored (entropy-diminishing) reaction can be caused to happen if it is coupled with a product-favored reaction of sufficient entropy production. Bindel, Thomas H. J. Chem. Educ.2007, 84, 449.
Acids / Bases |
Equilibrium |
Thermodynamics
Microscopic Description of Le Châtelier's PrincipleIgor Novak The analysis based on microscopic descriptors (energy levels and their populations) is given that provides visualization of free energies and conceptual rationalization of Le Châtelier's principle. The misconception "nature favors equilibrium" is highlighted. Novak, Igor. J. Chem. Educ.2005, 82, 1190.
Disorder (GCMP)David M. Whisnant Disorder: this is a resource in the collection "General Chemistry Multimedia Problems". A spontaneous change is one that has a natural tendency to occur without needing to be driven by an external influence. This problem will explore the influence of entropy, a measure of disorder, on the spontaneity of a few processes. General Chemistry Multimedia Problems ask students questions about experiments they see presented using videos and images. The questions asked apply concepts from different parts of an introductory course, encouraging students to decompartmentalize the material.
Thermodynamics
Standard Enthalpies of FormationEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Thermodynamics
Two Solids (GCMP)David M. Whisnant Two Solids: this is a resource in the collection "General Chemistry Multimedia Problems". When two solids barium hydroxide octahydrate, Ba(OH)2. 8H2O and ammonium thiocyanate, NH4SCN are mixed, they react. We will explore the thermodynamics of the reaction. General Chemistry Multimedia Problems ask students questions about experiments they see presented using videos and images. The questions asked apply concepts from different parts of an introductory course, encouraging students to decompartmentalize the material.
