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Thermodynamics : ATPFromGlucose (8 Variations)
When glucose is oxidized in the human body it releases a lot of Gibbs free energy. Rather than waste this free energy, the body stores much of it in the form of ATP. The following reaction shows this process of storing some of the energy from glucose in ATP. This is an example of coupled reactions in a biological system.
The label on a can of Coke says that it contains 39 g of sugar. Assume that all of the sugar is glucose (even though it isn't), and calculate how many moles of ATP can be produced theoretically by the oxidation of 39.0 g of glucose.
Thermodynamics |
Reactions |
Chemometrics
Thermodynamics : CompareEntropyQual (16 Variations) Indicate which substance in each of the following pairs of substances you expect to have higher entropy. Assume that you have a mole of each substance and all substances are at the same temperature.
Mass-Elastic Band Thermodynamics: A Visual Teaching Aid at the Introductory LevelWilliam C. Galley Demonstrations of five spontaneous isothermal processes involving the coupling of a mass and elastic band and arising from combinations of enthalpy and entropy changes are presented and then dissected. Analogies are drawn between these processes and common spontaneous molecular events such as chemical reactions and phase transitions. Galley, William C. J. Chem. Educ.2007, 84, 1147.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Thermodynamics
Microscopic Description of Le Châtelier's PrincipleIgor Novak The analysis based on microscopic descriptors (energy levels and their populations) is given that provides visualization of free energies and conceptual rationalization of Le Châtelier's principle. The misconception "nature favors equilibrium" is highlighted. Novak, Igor. J. Chem. Educ.2005, 82, 1190.
Equilibrium |
Thermodynamics
Let's Drive "Driving Force" Out of ChemistryNorman C. Craig "Driving force" is identified as a misleading concept in analyzing spontaneous change. Driving force wrongly suggests that Newtonian mechanics and determinism control and explain spontaneous processes. The usefulness of the competition of ?H versus ?S in discussing chemical change is also questioned. Entropy analyseswhich consider the contributions to the total change in entropyare advocated. Craig, Norman C. J. Chem. Educ.2005, 82, 827.
Energy and the Formation of IonsEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Reactions |
Thermodynamics
Standard Enthalpies of FormationEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Thermodynamics
Disorder (GCMP)David M. Whisnant Disorder: this is a resource in the collection "General Chemistry Multimedia Problems". A spontaneous change is one that has a natural tendency to occur without needing to be driven by an external influence. This problem will explore the influence of entropy, a measure of disorder, on the spontaneity of a few processes. General Chemistry Multimedia Problems ask students questions about experiments they see presented using videos and images. The questions asked apply concepts from different parts of an introductory course, encouraging students to decompartmentalize the material.