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Journal Articles: 37 results
A-DNA and B-DNA: Comparing Their Historical X-ray Fiber Diffraction Images  Amand A. Lucas
This paper provides a comparative explanation of the structural content of the diffraction diagrams of A-DNA and B-DNA that facilitated the discovery of the double-helical structure of DNA by Watson and Crick in 1953. This analysis is supported a method that simulates both A-DNA and B-DNA X-ray images optically.
Lucas, Amand A. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 737.
Biophysical Chemistry |
Conformational Analysis |
Crystals / Crystallography |
X-ray Crystallography |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Observation of DNA Molecules Using Fluorescence Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy  Takashi Ito
Describes procedures for an instrumental analysis laboratory to observe individual double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) molecules using fluorescence and atomic force microscopy; immobilization of dsDNA molecules on a planar substrate in their stretched form permits students to measure the size of the dsDNA molecules using these microscopic techniques.
Ito, Takashi. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 680.
Biophysical Chemistry |
Biotechnology |
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Probing Changes in the Conformation of tRNAPhe: An Integrated Biochemistry Laboratory Course  Sarah R. Kirk, Todd P. Silverstein, Karen L. McFarlane Holman, and Buck L. H. Taylor
This guided-inquiry, laboratory course focuses on the biomolecule tRNAPhe and combines biochemistry with elements of bioorganic and bioinorganic chemistry. Throughout the semester students work collaboratively to study tRNAPhe structure and the influence of ligand binding under a variety of conditions using several analytical techniques.
Kirk, Sarah R.; Silverstein, Todd P.; Holman, Karen L. McFarlane; Taylor, Buck L. H. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 666.
Bioinorganic Chemistry |
Bioorganic Chemistry |
Biophysical Chemistry |
Electrophoresis |
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Student-Centered Learning |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Using Physical Models of Biomolecular Structures To Teach Concepts of Biochemical Structure and Structure Depiction in the Introductory Chemistry Laboratory  Gordon A. Bain, John Yi, Mithra Beikmohamadi, Timothy M. Herman, and Michael A. Patrick
Custom-made physical models of alpha-helices and beta-sheets, the zinc finger moiety, beta-globin, and green fluorescent protein are used to introduce students in first-year chemistry to the primary, secondary, and tertiary structure of proteins.
Bain, Gordon A.; Yi, John; Beikmohamadi, Mithra; Herman, Timothy M.; Patrick, Michael A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1322.
Amino Acids |
Proteins / Peptides |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
A Unique Demonstration Model of DNA  Jonathan P. L. Cox
Describes a physical demonstration model of DNA for the classroom. The model comprises two types of building blocks that can be put together rapidly to produce an abstract structure that portrays several of the gross architectural features of idealized B-DNA.
Cox, Jonathan P. L. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1319.
Molecular Biology |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Student-Centered Learning |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Label-Free Detection of DNA Hybridization by Cyclic Voltammetry. An Advanced Undergraduate Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment  Temitope Aiyejorun, Janusz Kowalik, Jiri Janata, and Mira Josowicz
Describes a set of experiments designed to explore several concepts relevant to electropolymerization of intrinsically conducting polymers, their use as an electrically controlled ion-exchanger of chloride ions, and their ability to bind oligonucleotides through a noncovalent interaction with magnesium ions used as a linker between the polymer and the DNA strand.
Aiyejorun, Temitope; Kowalik, Janusz; Janata, Jiri; Josowicz, Mira. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1208.
Biophysical Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Kinetics |
Undergraduate Research |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
DNA Profiling of the D1S80 Locus: A Forensic Analysis for the Undergraduate Biochemistry Laboratory  D. Dewaine Jackson, Chad S. Abbey, and Dylan Nugent
Describes a laboratory exercise in DNA profiling that can be used to demonstrate four fundamental procedures: isolation of genomic DNA from human cells, use of the polymerase chain reaction to amplify DNA, separation of amplified DNAs on agarose and polyacrylamide gels, and quantitative analysis of data (while comparing two different gel separation techniques).
Jackson, D. Dewaine; Abbey, Chad S.; Nugent, Dylan. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 774.
Biological Cells |
Biotechnology |
Electrophoresis |
Forensic Chemistry |
Molecular Biology |
Quantitative Analysis |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Glycosyltransferases A and B: Four Critical Amino Acids Determine Blood Type  Natisha L. Rose, Monica M. Palcic, and Stephen V. Evans
Human A, B, and O blood type is determined by the presence or absence of distinct carbohydrate structures on red blood cells. In this review the chemistry of the blood group ABO system and the role of glycosyltransferase A, glycosyltransferase B, and the four amino acids critical to determining blood group status are discussed.
Rose, Natisha L.; Palcic, Monica M.; Evans, Stephen V. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1846.
Carbohydrates |
Enzymes |
Kinetics |
Bioorganic Chemistry |
Crystals / Crystallography |
Molecular Biology |
X-ray Crystallography |
Amino Acids
Testing for Genetically Modified Foods Using PCR  Ann Taylor and Samin Sajan
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful technique used to detect and amplify a specific DNA sequence. In this experiment, DNA is isolated from commercially available corn meal and corn-muffin mixes, then a sequence unique to transgenic plants is amplified by PCR. The amplified sequence is identified by its size (192 base pairs) by agarose gel electrophoresis. This experiment could be used in either a biochemistry course or in an analytical chemistry course in a curriculum that integrates biochemistry throughout the course work.
Taylor, Ann; Sajan, Samin. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 597.
Agricultural Chemistry |
Constitutional Isomers |
Biotechnology |
Plant Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
A 3D Model of Double-Helical DNA Showing Variable Chemical Details  Susan G. Cady
A 3D double-helical DNA model, made by placing beads on a wire and stringing beads through holes in plastic canvas, is described. Suggestions are given to enhance the basic helical frame to show the shapes and sizes of the nitrogenous base rings, 3' and 5' chain termini, and base pair hydrogen bonding. Students can incorporate random or real gene sequence data into their models.
Cady, Susan G. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 79.
Biotechnology |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Molecular Modeling |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Does Active Learning through an Antisense Jigsaw Make Sense?  Mahadevan Seetharaman and Karin Musier-Forsyth
Three journal articles on nucleic acid antisense modification strategies were assigned to 12 students as part of an active learning "jigsaw" exercise for a graduate-level chemistry course on nucleic acids. The effectiveness of this active learning strategy and its applicability to other topics are discussed in this article.
Seetharaman, Mahadevan; Musier-Forsyth, Karin. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1404.
Learning Theories |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Analysis of DAPI and SYBR Green I as Alternatives to Ethidium Bromide for Nucleic Acid Staining in Agarose Gel Electrophoresis  Kevin M. Bourzac, Lori J. LaVine, and Margaret S. Rice
DAPI and SYBR Green I are good staining alternatives to ethidium bromide in that they have similar sensitivity and are both easy to use. SYBR Green I is more expensive than EB or DAPI; however, the limited safety data suggest that SYBR Green I is the safest stain.
Bourzac, Kevin M.; LaVine, Lori J.; Rice, Margaret S. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1292.
Dyes / Pigments |
Electrophoresis |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Allele-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Genotyping of a Normal Variation in Human Color Vision  Beth Wilson, Ira M. Lubin, and Kathryn B. Grant
Students utilize microcentrifugation and silica-gel column chromatography to extract DNA from their own buccal (cheek) epithelial cells. The polymerase chain reaction and agarose gel electrophoresis are then employed to identify a single nucleotide polymorphism that is responsible for a commonly encountered variation in human red color vision.
Wilson, Beth; Lubin, Ira M.; Grant, Kathryn B. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1289.
Biotechnology |
Electrophoresis |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Identification of Forensic Samples via Mitochondrial DNA in the Undergraduate Biochemistry Laboratory  Julie T. Millard and André M. Pilon
Identification of forensic samples via mitochondrial DNA in a hypothetical kidnapping case.
Millard, Julie T.; Pilon, André M. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 444.
Quantitative Analysis |
Electrophoresis |
Separation Science |
Biotechnology |
Forensic Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Genetic Code Wordsearch  Terry L. Helser
Wordsearch puzzle containing 30 words that describe the nucleotide sequences used to produce proteins.
Helser, Terry L. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 417.
Biotechnology |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Visualizing Atoms, Molecules, and Surfaces by Scanning Probe Microscopy  Kimberly Aumann, Karen J. C. Muyskens, and Kumar Sinniah
Examples of applications of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) in an undergraduate curriculum; includes investigating DNA, analysis of microchip memory arrays and circuitry, and visualizing filamentous actin.
Aumann, Kimberly; Muyskens, Karen J. C.; Sinniah, Kumar. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 187.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Instrumental Methods |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science |
Undergraduate Research |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Collaboration between Chemistry and Biology to Introduce Spectroscopy, Electrophoresis, and Molecular Biology as Tools for Biochemistry  Vicky L. H. Bevilacqua, Jennifer L. Powers, Connie Tran, Swapan S. Jain, Reem Chabayta, Dale L. Vogelien, Ralph J. Rascati, Michelle Hall, and Kathleen Diehl
Program that integrates a variety of instrumental techniques across the biological and chemistry curricula, including biochemistry, plant physiology, genetics, and forensics.
Bevilacqua, Vicky L. H.; Powers, Jennifer L.; Vogelien, Dale L.; Rascati, Ralph J.; Hall, Michelle; Diehl, Kathleen; Tran, Connie; Jain, Swapan S.; Chabayta, Reem . J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1311.
Biotechnology |
Enzymes |
Forensic Chemistry |
Hormones |
Instrumental Methods |
Kinetics |
Plant Chemistry |
Proteins / Peptides |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Thermodynamics of DNA Duplex Formation: A Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment  Kathleen P. Howard
The goal of this biophysical experiment is to measure thermodynamic properties of a short DNA duplex by melting the ordered native structure (duplex) into the disordered, denatured state (single strands) while monitoring the transition using ultraviolet spectrophotometry.
Howard, Kathleen P. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1469.
Biophysical Chemistry |
Thermodynamics |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Genomics: The Science and Technology Behind the Human Genome Project (by Charles R. Cantor and Cassandra L. Smith)  reviewed by Martin J. Serra
This book is an outgrowth of a series of lectures given by one of the former heads (CRC) of the Human Genome Initiative. The book is designed to reach a wide audience, from biologists with little chemical or physical science background through engineers, computer scientists, and physicists with little current exposure to the chemical or biological principles of genetics.
Serra, Martin J. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 33.
Biotechnology |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Correction  
"Literature Cited" section for the original article.
J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1622.
Forensic Chemistry
Chromatin Isolation and DNA Sequence Analysis in Large Undergraduate Laboratory Sections  Ann E. Hagerman
One exercise is a simple laboratory experiment in which chromatin is isolated from chicken liver and is resolved into histone proteins and DNA by ion-exchange chromatography. The other is a series of computer simulations that introduce DNA sequencing, mapping, and sequence analysis to the students.
Hagerman, Ann E. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1426.
Biotechnology |
Proteins / Peptides |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Revealing the Backbone Structure of B-DNA from Laser Optical Simulations of Its X-ray Diffraction Diagram  A. A. Lucas, Ph. Lambin, R. Mairesse, and M. Mathot
A visible laser and a set of nine specially designed diffraction gratings held on a single slide have been used to build up progressively a classroom optical simulation of the diffraction of X-rays by a B-DNA fiber. The nine optical transforms allow understanding, without recourse to helical diffraction theory, of how the prominent features of the observed diffraction pattern arise from each of the structural parameters of the DNA backbone.
Lucas, A. A.; Lambin, Ph.; Mairesse, R.; Mathot, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 378.
Crystals / Crystallography |
X-ray Crystallography |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nucleic Acids / DNA / RNA
Developing Student Speaking Skills: A Project/Independent Study in Forensic Science  Karen M. Berka and Ladislav H. Berka
A mini-project is described in which students give oral presentations of forensic science papers and case studies taken from the literature and/or the public media.
Berka, Karen M.; Berka, Ladislav H. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 931.
Forensic Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Antitumor active drugs as intercalators of deoxyribonucleic acid: Molecular models of intercalation complexes  Pindur, Ulf; Haber, Manfred; Sattler, Kristin
Structure-dependant models of intercalation with DNA and base-pair oligonucleotides are presented at the molecular level for some cytostatic agents. The application of these procedures is interesting to teacher and student in that they provide rational foundation for the development of new intercalating drugs.
Pindur, Ulf; Haber, Manfred; Sattler, Kristin J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 263.
Molecular Biology |
Applications of Chemistry |
Enrichment / Review Materials
An Attack on the AIDS Virus: Inhibition of the HIV-1 Protease. New Drug Development Based on the Structure and Activity of the Protease and its Role in the Replication and Maturation of the Virus  Volker, Eugene J.
Article shows how research into the biochemistry of HIV may lead to a method for controlling its growth and maturation. This research illustrates some basic enzyme chemistry and holds student appeal due to the tie into current affairs.
Volker, Eugene J. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 3.
Bioorganic Chemistry |
Proteins / Peptides |
Medicinal Chemistry |
Molecular Biology
Nucleic acid structure and synthesis (Parish, J.H.)  Parker, Keith K.
A review of a software program designed to introduce current understanding of DNA and RNA structure and the dynamic processes of replication and transcription.
Parker, Keith K. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, A298.
Molecular Biology
Receptor G protein effector: The design of a biochemical switchboard   Ross, Elliott M.
The author describes in detail how biochemical systems function chemically and how they are physically arrayed in the cell membrane.
Ross, Elliott M. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 937.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Hormones |
Metabolism |
Molecular Biology |
Enzymes |
Proteins / Peptides |
Toxicology |
Bioenergetics
Disulfide interchange reactions: An enzymic case study   Kitson, Trevor M.
This article concerns the reaction known as "disulfide interchange" in which a thiol reacts with a disulfide to give a different thiol and disulfide pair as the products.
Kitson, Trevor M. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 829.
Enzymes |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Aromatic Compounds |
Molecular Biology |
Biological Cells |
Alcohols
Recombinant DNA technology: A topics course for undergraduates  Parson, Kathleen A.
This article describes the development of a topics course offered jointly through chemistry and biology departments called 'Recombinant DNA, A Short Course' that uses primary literature and explores economic, political, and ethical issues of genetic engineering.
Parson, Kathleen A. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 325.
Molecular Biology |
Applications of Chemistry
Supercoiled DNA   Scovell, William M.
This article reviews recent advances in our knowledge of Supercoiled DNA such as topology, energetic, and physicochemical characteristics as well as the biological implications of this tertiary structure.
Scovell, William M. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 562.
Molecular Biology
The preparation and reactions of phenyl-substituted pyrylium and pyridinium salts: Nucleophilic substitution of an amino group by pyridine  Awartani, Radi; Sakizadeh, Kumars; Gabrielsen, Bjarne
This article makes a much needed contribution in the area of laboratory experiment for heterocyclic chemistry.
Awartani, Radi; Sakizadeh, Kumars; Gabrielsen, Bjarne J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 172.
Amino Acids |
Nucleophilic Substitution |
Molecular Biology |
Bioorganic Chemistry |
Heterocycles
Instrumentation and analytical methodology in forensic science  Gaensslen, R. E.; Kubic, Thomas A.; Desio, Peter J.; Lee, Henry C.
Types of evidence and analytical / instrumental methods involved in forensic science. From one of two symposia on forensic chemistry, one held at the ACS meeting in Seattle, 1983, and the second held at the 8th BCCE, Storrs CT, 1984.
Gaensslen, R. E.; Kubic, Thomas A.; Desio, Peter J.; Lee, Henry C. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 1058.
Forensic Chemistry |
Instrumental Methods
Chemistry in the crime lab. A forensic science course  Clark, M. J.; Keegel, J. F.
Describes the topics and laboratories considered in the course.
Clark, M. J.; Keegel, J. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 38.
Forensic Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses
A study of hemoglobin and its subunits  Kaplan, Lawrence J.
The procedure published here can generate a "family" of proteins for a study and a number of interesting comparisons that can be made between native hemoglobin, its subunits, and regenerated hemoglobin.
Kaplan, Lawrence J. J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 64.
Proteins / Peptides |
Electrochemistry |
Molecular Biology
Protein structure (Scheraga, Harold A.)  Cornwell, David G.

Cornwell, David G. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 172.
Proteins / Peptides |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Molecular Biology
Introduction to Submolecular Biology (Szent-Gyorgyi, Albert)  Fox, Sidney W.

Fox, Sidney W. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 276.
Molecular Biology
The Molecular Basis of Evolution (Anfinsen, Christian B.)  Edsall, John T.

Edsall, John T. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 107.
Molecular Biology