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Vapor Pressure: Drinking Bird A novelty store "Drinking Bird" repeatedly dips is beak into a beaker of water and then bobs back to an upright position. Visible movement of a liquid in the bird's body accompanies the bobbing; the movement is caused by changing vapor pressure of the liquid due to different temperatures at the bird's head and the bird's body.
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Boiling by Cooling A flask contains water and water vapor at 100C. Each time ice water is poured over the outside of the flask, the water inside the flask boils. Although the temperature of the water in the flask has decreased, in each instance boiling is observed.
Gases |
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Vapor Pressure: Molecular Size The measurement of pressure exerted by a vapor is demonstrated using barometers. Vapor pressure varies with the strength of the intermolecular forces in the liquid.
Fog Machines, Vapors, and Phase DiagramsEd Vitz This series of demonstrations elucidate the operation of commercial fog machines using common laboratory materials and can be adapted for elementary through tertiary levels. The formation of fogs is discussed in terms of the phase diagram for water and other chemical principles. Vitz, Ed. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1385.
Enthalpy of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures: An Inexpensive ApparatusRubin Battino, David A. Dolson, Michael R. Hall, and Trevor M. Letcher Describes an inexpensive apparatus for the determination of the vapor pressure of a liquid as a function of temperature for the purpose of calculating enthalpy changes of vaporization. Also described are a simple air thermostat and an inexpensive temperature controller based on an integrated temperature sensor. Battino, Rubin; Dolson, David A.; Hall, Michael R.; Letcher, Trevor M. J. Chem. Educ.2007, 84, 822.
