| Journal Articles: 48 results |
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Exploring Solid-State Structure and Physical Properties: A Molecular and Crystal Model Exercise Thomas H. Bindel
This laboratory allows students to examine relationships among the microscopicmacroscopicsymbolic levels using crystalline mineral samples and corresponding crystal models. The exercise also reinforces Lewis dot structures, VSEPR theory, and the identification of molecular and coordination geometries.
Bindel, Thomas H. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 822.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Molecular Modeling |
Solids |
VSEPR Theory |
Lewis Structures |
Physical Properties
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Netorials Rebecca Ottosen, John Todd, Rachel Bain, Mike Miller, Liana Lamont, Mithra Biekmohamadi, and David B. Shaw
Netorials is a collection of about 30 online tutorials on general chemistry topics designed as a supplement for high school or college introductory courses. Each Netorial contains several pages of interactive instruction that includes animated mouse-overs, questions for students to answer, and manipulable molecular structures.
Ottosen, Rebecca; Todd, John; Bain, Rachel; Miller, Mike; Lamont. Liana; Biekmohamadi, Mithra; Shaw, David B. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 463.
Acids / Bases |
Electrochemistry |
Reactions |
VSEPR Theory |
Stoichiometry
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Puzzling through General Chemistry: A Light-Hearted Approach to Engaging Students with Chemistry Content Susan L. Boyd
Presents ten puzzles to make chemistry more interesting while reinforcing important concepts.
Boyd, Susan L. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 619.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Gases |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Stoichiometry |
VSEPR Theory |
Atomic Properties / Structure
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Let Us Give Lewis Acid–Base Theory the Priority It Deserves Alan A. Shaffer
The Lewis concept is simple yet powerful in its scope, and can be used to help beginning students understand reaction mechanisms more fully. However, traditional approaches to acid-base reactions at the introductory level ignores Lewis acid-base theory completely, focusing instead on proton transfer described by the Br?nsted-Lowry concept.
Shaffer, Alan A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1746.
Acids / Bases |
Lewis Acids / Bases |
Lewis Structures |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory |
Covalent Bonding |
Brønsted-Lowry Acids / Bases
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Balloon—Toy of Many Colors Kathryn R. Williams
Balloon-related articles previously published in JCE describe gas law experiments and demonstrations, large-scale molecular models, demonstrations of reaction rates and stoichiometry, hydrogen-filled balloon explosions, and miscellaneous laboratory uses.
Williams, Kathryn R. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1448.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
VSEPR Theory
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Teaching Molecular Geometry with the VSEPR Model Ronald J. Gillespie
The difficulties associated with the usual treatment of the VB and MO theories in connection with molecular geometry in beginning courses are discussed. It is recommended that the VB and MO theories should be presented only after the VSEPR model either in the general chemistry course or in a following course, particularly in the case of the MO theory, which is not really necessary for the first-year course.
Gillespie, Ronald J. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 298.
Covalent Bonding |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Main-Group Elements |
Theoretical Chemistry |
VSEPR Theory |
MO Theory
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The Molecular Model Game Stephanie A. Myers
Student teams must draw Lewis structures and build models of various molecules and polyatomic ions; different team members have different responsibilities.
Myers, Stephanie A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 423.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Covalent Bonding |
Lewis Structures |
VSEPR Theory |
Enrichment / Review Materials
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Understanding and Interpreting Molecular Electron Density Distributions C. F. Matta and R. J. Gillespie
A simple introduction to the electron densities of molecules and how they can be analyzed to obtain information on bonding and geometry.
Matta, C. F.; Gillespie, R. J. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1141.
Covalent Bonding |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Quantum Chemistry |
Theoretical Chemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Molecular Modeling |
VSEPR Theory
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How We Teach Molecular Structure to Freshmen Michael O. Hurst
Examination of how textbooks discuss various aspects of molecular structure; conclusion that much of general chemistry is taught the way it is for historical and not pedagogical reasons.
Hurst, Michael O. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 763.
Covalent Bonding |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Lewis Structures |
VSEPR Theory |
Valence Bond Theory |
MO Theory
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Molecular Modeling in the Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum Martin B. Jones
Project to expose all chemistry students at all levels to computer-based molecular modeling.
Jones, Martin B. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 867.
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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A Comment on Molecular Geometry Frank J. Gomba
A method of determining the correct molecular geometry of simple molecules and ions with one central atom is proposed. While the usual method of determining the molecular geometry involves first drawing the Lewis structure, this method can be used without doing so. In fact, the Lewis structure need not be drawn at all. The Lewis structure may be drawn as the final step, with the geometry of the simple molecule or ion already established.
Gomba, Frank J. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1732.
Covalent Bonding |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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The Use of Molecular Modeling and VSEPR Theory in the Undergraduate Curriculum to Predict the Three-Dimensional Structure of Molecules Brian W. Pfennig and Richard L. Frock
Despite the simplicity and elegance of the VSEPR model, however, students often have difficulty visualizing the three-dimensional shapes of molecules and learning the more subtle features of the model, such as the bond length and bond angle deviations from ideal geometry that accompany the presence of lone pair or multiple bond domains or that result from differences in the electronegativity of the bonded atoms, partial charges and molecular dipole moments, and site preferences in the trigonal bipyramidal electron geometry.
Pfennig, Brian W.; Frock, Richard L. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1018.
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Covalent Bonding |
VSEPR Theory
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VSEPR Theory Demo Janice Parker
This article describes a procedure to demonstrate electron pair repulsion (or molecular arrangement) using cow magnets and simple laboratory equipment.
Parker, Janice. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 776.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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From UNIX to PC via X-Windows: Molecular Modeling for the General Chemistry Lab Donald Pavia and Mark Wicholas
A 3-hour experiment that attempts to illustrate the relationship between molecular geometry as predicted by the VSEPR model and valence bond theory. As a pre-laboratory take-home exercise, students are given a list of 23 species and asked to predict bond angles, geometry, and hybridization.
Pavia, Donald; Wicholas, Mark. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 444.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Teaching VSEPR: The Plastic Egg Model James P. Birk and Soraya Abbassian
We describe the construction and use of a set of models based on plastic eggs, which afford advantages over the previously described models.
James P. Birk and Soraya Abbassian. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 636.
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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Bonding and Molecular Geometry without Orbitals- The Electron Domain Model Ronald J. Gillespie, James N. Spencer, and Richard S. Moog
An alternative to the conventional valence bond approach to bonding and geometry-the electron domain model-is presented. This approach avoids some of the problems with the standard approach and presents fewer difficulties for the student, while still providing a physical basis for the VSEPR model and a link to the valence bond model.
Ronald J. Gillespie, James N. Spencer, and Richard S. Moog. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 622.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Covalent Bonding |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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The VSEPR Tree: A Hands-On Activity for Learning Molecular Geometry Lechner, Joseph H.
Physical models of differing molecular geometry were formed and hung on a Christmas tree to celebrate the holiday in an introductory college chemistry class.
Lechner, Joseph H. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 1021.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Modeling
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On Using Incomplete Theories as Cataloging Schemes: Aufbau, Abbau, and VSEPR Tykodi, R. J.
How to restructure as cataloging schemes the aufbau and abbau procedures for obtaining the ground-state electronic structures of atoms and monatomic ions.
Tykodi, R. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 273.
VSEPR Theory |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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VSEPR theory and magnetic molecular models Kauffman, George B.
Letter calling readers' attention to a set of three-dimensional models with magnets that might be of interest.
Kauffman, George B. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 1041.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Modeling
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AnswerSheets Cornelius, Richard
Review of a spreadsheet-based program that has modules on significant figures, VSEPR structures, stoichiometry, and unit conversions.
Cornelius, Richard J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 460.
VSEPR Theory |
Stoichiometry |
Chemometrics
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AnswerSheets Cornelius, Richard
Review of a spreadsheet-like program that includes modules on significant figures, conversions, stoichiometry, and VSEPR structures.
Cornelius, Richard J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 387.
VSEPR Theory |
Stoichiometry |
Chemometrics
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Drawing Lewis structures: A step-by-step approach Ahmad, Wan-Yaacob; Omar, Siraj
A simple step-by-step approach for deriving Lewis structures for students studying introductory chemistry.
Ahmad, Wan-Yaacob; Omar, Siraj J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 791.
Lewis Structures |
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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A simple VSEPR demonstration Kundell, Frederick A.
To assist students in visualizing the Valence Shell Electron-Pari Repulsion (VSEPR) geometries, the author uses a 2-inch ring and six snap hooks from the hardware store.
Kundell, Frederick A. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 277.
VSEPR Theory
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Multiple bonds and the VSEPR model Gillespie, Ronald J.
The purpose of this paper is to review the application of the VSEPR model to molecules containing multiple bonds and to compare the usefulness and applicability of the model to other models for multiple bonds.
Gillespie, Ronald J. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 116.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Modeling
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A magnetic illustration of the VSEPR theory Hervas, Manuel; Silverman, L. Phillip
Using Styrofoam balls, magnetic stir bars, and an overhead projector to demonstrate VSPER theory.
Hervas, Manuel; Silverman, L. Phillip J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 861.
VSEPR Theory
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A magnetic two-dimensional analogue of VSEPR Shaw, C. Frank, III; Shaw, Bryan A.
A demonstration based on the serendipitous discovery that magnets shaped like discs or washers will replicate, in two-dimensions, the repulsion among electron pairs that underlie VSEPR theory.
Shaw, C. Frank, III; Shaw, Bryan A. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 861.
VSEPR Theory
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A model for valence shell electron-pair repulsion theory Prall, Bruce R.
Using magnets as models to demonstrate VSEPR theory.
Prall, Bruce R. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 961.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Molecular models for the do-it-yourselfer Birk, James P.; Foster, John
Instructions for making molecular models from styrofoam balls and wooden dowels.
Birk, James P.; Foster, John J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 1015.
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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Follow the bouncing balls to an understanding of molecular structure Birk, James P.
Common objects are used to help students understand VSEPR.
Birk, James P. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 1055.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Modeling
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A novel, simple, and inexpensive model for teaching VSEPR theory. Kemp, Kenneth C.
The description of this inexpensive model includes materials, construction, and procedure.
Kemp, Kenneth C. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 222.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Modeling
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Drawing Lewis structures without anticipating octets Carroll, James Allen
This note presents a discussion of several examples of appropriate Lewis structures and the fine structural predictions that are possible.
Carroll, James Allen J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 28.
Lewis Structures |
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Modeling
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Molecular geometry Desseyn, H. O.; Herman, M. A.; Mullens, J.
We should teach our students that many factors influence molecular geometry and that the relative importance of these factors is complicated; considers the VSEPR, Mulliken-Walsh, and electrostatic force theories.
Desseyn, H. O.; Herman, M. A.; Mullens, J. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 220.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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Chemical bonding simulation Pankuch, Brian J.
54. Bits and pieces, 21. A computerized simulation that allows students to build molecules from specific atoms using concepts of VSEPR theory and electronegativity.
Pankuch, Brian J. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 791.
VSEPR Theory |
Covalent Bonding
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Teaching VSEPR theory McKenna, Anna G.; McKenna, Jack F.
Suggestions for teaching VSEPR theory for coordination numbers 2-6.
McKenna, Anna G.; McKenna, Jack F. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 771.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Tetrahedral bonding in CH4. An alternative explanation Rees, Thomas
Using the VSEPR theory to conduct a thought experiment regarding the bonding and structure of methane.
Rees, Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 899.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Covalent Bonding |
VSEPR Theory
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A visual aid to demonstrate the VSEPR theory Meloan, Cliff E.
Using a clear globe and magnets to demonstrate the VSEPR theory.
Meloan, Cliff E. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 668.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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Walnut models of simple molecules Niac, Gavril; Florea, Cornel
Using natural walnut formations to illustrate the geometry of simple molecules.
Niac, Gavril; Florea, Cornel J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 429.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Molecular Modeling |
Natural Products |
VSEPR Theory
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Molecular Geometry Mickey, Charles D.
Methods for determining molecular geometry and the application of VSEPR theory to real molecules.
Mickey, Charles D. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 210.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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A simple inexpensive model for student discovery of VSEPR Halpern, Marc
A simple model made from yarn and four wooden spheres.
Halpern, Marc J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 531.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Molecular geometries and "repulsive ratings" Arlotto, Roy J.
A procedure to help students rationalize VSEPR theory.
Arlotto, Roy J. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 306.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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A defense of the valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) model Gillespie, R. J.
The author argues that qualitative theories which enable people to understand and predict the geometry of molecules are useful and intellectually more satisfying than a set of entirely empirical rules.
Gillespie, R. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1974, 51, 367.
VSEPR Theory
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A magnetic analogy for demonstrating some VSEPR principles Schobert, Harold H.
Bar magnets and iron filings are used to simulate atomic nuclei and illustrate the difference in the degree of localization of electron density of bonding and non-bonding pairs.
Schobert, Harold H. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 651.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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A criticism of the valence shell electron pair repulsion model as a teaching device Drago, Russell S.
The factors that influence the geometry of molecules are much more complicated than the VSEPR model would lead one to believe.
Drago, Russell S. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 244.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Let's get the nonscience majors into the lab! Griffin, Roger W., Jr.
The author shares his experiences with a successful laboratory course for nonmajors. Experiments which have been carried out include: geometry of molecules, measurements and errors, separation and purification, spectroscopy, chromatography, colored natural products, and dyes.
Griffin, Roger W., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 685.
Nonmajor Courses |
Dyes / Pigments |
Natural Products |
Chromatography |
Separation Science |
Quantitative Analysis |
VSEPR Theory |
Spectroscopy
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The electron-pair repulsion model for molecular geometry Gmespie, R. J.
Reviews the electron-pair repulsion model for molecular geometry and examines three-centered bonds, cluster compounds, bonding among the transition elements, and exceptions to VSEPR rules.
Gmespie, R. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 18.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Covalent Bonding |
MO Theory |
VSEPR Theory |
Transition Elements
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Prediction of molecular polarity by V.S.E.P.R. theory Daugherty, N. A.
Suggestion for predicting molecular polarity using VSEPR theory.
Daugherty, N. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 283.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory
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Molecular geometry: Bonded versus nonbonded interactions Bartell, L. S.
Proposes simplified computational models to facilitate a comparison between the relative roles of bonded and nonbonded interactions in directed valence.
Bartell, L. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 754.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Modeling |
Covalent Bonding |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Valence Bond Theory |
MO Theory
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The valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory of directed valency Gillespie, R. J.
Presents the valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory of directed valency and its use to determine molecular shapes, bond angles, and bond lengths.
Gillespie, R. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 295.
VSEPR Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Covalent Bonding
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