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Prussian Blue: Artists' Pigment and Chemists' Sponge Mike Ware
The variable composition of Prussian blue tantalized chemists until investigations by X-ray crystallography in the late 20th century explained its many properties and uses.
Ware, Mike. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 612.
Applications of Chemistry |
Coordination Compounds |
Dyes / Pigments |
Electrochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photochemistry |
Toxicology
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Reply to A. F.Photooxidation of Bilirubin to Biliverdin and Bilirubin Structure William F. Coleman
The JCE Featured Molecules Editor replies to criticisms of a previous Featured Molecule.
Coleman, William F. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 202.
Dyes / Pigments |
Photochemistry |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Molecular Modeling
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Reply to A. F.Photooxidation of Bilirubin to Biliverdin and Bilirubin Structure A. E. Pillay and F. M. Salih
The authors reply to criticism of their earlier article.
Pillay, A. E.; Salih, F. M. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 201.
Dyes / Pigments |
Photochemistry
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Photooxidation of Bilirubin to Biliverdin and Bilirubin Structure A. F. McDonagh and D. A. Lightner
Two recent articles in this Journal dealt with bilirubin (BR), the yellow pigment of neonatal jaundice. While BR is a fascinating biomedically-relevant tool for teaching photochemistry and stereochemistry, both articles are minefields of misinformation whose main pedagogical use might be as examples of error.
McDonagh, A. F.; Lightner, D. A. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 199.
Dyes / Pigments |
Photochemistry
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Optical Properties of Fluorescent Mixtures: Comparing Quantum Dots to Organic Dyes Benjamin M. Hutchins, Thomas T. Morgan, Miné G. Ucak-Astarlioglu, and Mary Elizabeth Williams
Visually observed fluorescent colors of quantum dots in conjunction with spectroscopic data show students the additive emission of such mixtures; while some appear to emit white light, their fluorescence peaks remain spectroscopically resolved.
Hutchins, Benjamin M.; Morgan, Thomas T.; Ucak-Astarlioglu, Miné G.; Williams, Mary Elizabeth. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1301.
Dyes / Pigments |
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Photochemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
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The Chemistry of Swimming Pool Maintenance Carl Salter and David L. Langhus
This paper examines the key ideas behind swimming pool chemistry -- the central importance of pH and its effect on chlorine sanitation and calcium carbonate solubility. The paper also reviews the analytical procedures and common practices used to monitor and control pool chemistry or correct problems.
Salter, Carl; Langhus, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1124.
Acids / Bases |
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
pH |
Photochemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Water / Water Chemistry
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Photochemical Oxidation of Bilirubin to Biliverdin William F. Coleman
The Featured Molecules for this month are related to the photochemical oxidation of bilirubin to biliverdin. Biliverdin is a breakdown product of hemoglobin which is reduced by biliverdin reductase to bilirubin, the molecule that is responsible for neonatal jaundice.
Coleman, William F. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1329.
Photochemistry |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Solar Irradiation of Bilirubin: An Experiment in Photochemical Oxidation A. E. Pillay and F. M. Salih
Describes an experiment on photochemical oxidation employing solar irradiation of bilirubin followed by spectrophotometric absorption. The bilirubin undergoes depletion, and the declining concentration can be expressed exponentially as a function of time. The instantaneous reaction rates, half-life, and rate constant can be derived directly from the exponential plot.
Pillay, A. E.; Salih, F. M. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1327.
Applications of Chemistry |
Bioanalytical Chemistry |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Photochemistry
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Turning on the Light Patricia B. O'Hara, Carol Engelson, and Wayne St. Peter
This activity explores some of the fundamental properties of light spontaneously emitted from glow-in-the-dark stickers, wintergreen-flavored hard candies, and a chlorophyll solution made from spinach leaves. Students are led to explore the different properties of fluorescence, phosphorescence, and triboluminescence.
O'Hara, Patricia B.; Engelson, Carol; St. Peter, Wayne. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 48A.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Photochemistry
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Chemiluminescent Oscillating Demonstrations: The Chemical Buoy, the Lighting Wave, and the Ghostly Cylinder Hernán E. Prypsztejn
In this article, a chemiluminescent oscillating reaction is presented in which a chemiluminescent substance (luminol) interacts with a chemical oscillator producing an oscillating chemiluminescence. This demonstration has been successfully performed in basic chemistry courses to arouse interest and curiosity in students. This demonstration fascinates audiences and in courses for science majors it is an excellent way to introduce complex concepts such as far-from-equilibrium conditions, nonlinear dynamics and bifurcation, and chaos theories.
Prypsztejn, Hernán E. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 53.
Photochemistry
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Turning on the Light: Lessons from Luminescence Patricia B. OHara, Carol Engelson, and Wayne St. Peter
The goal of this article is to provide secondary school science teachers with a background in an array of luminescent phenomena including fluorescence, phosphorescence, and chemiluminescence that will enable them to teach their students fundamental properties of light and matter. Instructions for building and operating a simple spectrofluorometer and five detailed lesson plans are provided in the Supplemental Material for experiments that utilize these processes.
O'Hara, Patricia B.; Engelson, Carol; St. Peter, Wayne. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 49.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Forensic Chemistry |
Photochemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure
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Using Organic Light-Emitting Electrochemical Thin-Film Devices To Teach Materials Science Hannah Sevian, Sean Müller, Hartmut Rudmann, and Michael F. Rubner
Light-emitting thin films provide an excellent opportunity to learn about principles of electrochemistry, spectroscopy, microscopic structure of the solid state, basic circuits, and engineering design. There is currently strong interest in academic and industrial engineering research centering on developing organic light-emitting devices for applications in flat panel displays. In this educational module, designed for high school or introductory undergraduate courses, students learn how to make a ruthenium-based thin-film device. In the process, they learn about the solid-state electrochemistry at work in the film, as well as the electroluminescence that results when current passes through the device.
Sevian, Hannah; Müller, Sean; Rudmann, Hartmut; Rubner, Michael F. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1620.
Electrochemistry |
Photochemistry |
Materials Science |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Solid State Chemistry
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Triboluminescent Crystals from the Microwave Oven. What Is the Proper Regulation of Controlled Substances at Educational Institutions? Bruce Baldwin
Concerns the use of controlled substances in the laboratory.
Baldwin, Bruce. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1121.
Photochemistry |
Laboratory Management
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Triboluminescent Crystals from the Microwave Oven. In California, N-Acetylanthranilic Acid and Anthranilic Acid Are Controlled Substances—Have You Been Using Them Illegally? Arnold L. Rheingold
Concerns the use of controlled substances in the laboratory.
Rheingold, Arnold L. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1121.
Photochemistry |
Laboratory Management
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The Chemistry of Photographic Color Dye Formation Bruce E. Kahn
A laboratory activity is described where black and white photographs are converted to color images in a variety of ways.
Kahn, Bruce E. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 694.
Photochemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Acids / Bases |
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction
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Photogalvanic Cells for Classroom Investigations: A Contribution for Ongoing Curriculum Modernization Claudia Bohrmann-Linde and Michael W. Tausch
Laboratory experiments examining the fundamental processes in the conversion of light into electrical energy using photogalvanic cells have been developed. These simple cells are suitable for classroom investigations examining the operating principles of photogalvanic cells and the influence of different parameters on their efficiency.
Bohrmann-Linde, Claudia; Tausch, Michael W. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1471.
Electrochemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Photochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials
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A Photolithography Laboratory Experiment for General Chemistry Students Adora M. Christenson, Gregory W. Corder, Thomas C. DeVore, and Brian H. Augustine
A photolithography laboratory experiment for general chemistry that introduces materials science and the production of microfabricated devices.
Christenson, Adora M.; Corder, Gregory W.; DeVore, Thomas C.; Augustine, Brian H. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 183.
Kinetics |
Materials Science |
Photochemistry |
Spectroscopy
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Use of Chloroisocyanuarates for Disinfection of Water: Application of Miscellaneous General Chemistry Topics Gabriel Pinto and Brian Rohrig
Using the chlorination of water (using sodium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acid) to develop general chemistry concepts; includes question for students and answers.
Pinto, Gabriel; Rohrig, Brian. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 41.
Stoichiometry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Photochemistry
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Triboluminescent Crystals from the Microwave Oven Bruce W. Baldwin and David M. Wilhite
Procedure for producing triboluminescent crystals in a microwave oven.
Baldwin, Bruce W.; Wilhite, David M. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1344.
Aromatic Compounds |
Crystals / Crystallography |
Synthesis |
Photochemistry
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Putting UV-Sensitive Beads to the Test Terre Trupp
Explores the temperature behavior of UV-sensitive beads and investigates the effectiveness of sunscreens.
Trupp, Terre. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 648A.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Kinetics |
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Photochemistry
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Visualizing the Photochemical Steady State with UV-Sensitive Beads (re J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 77, 648A-648B) Jerry A. Bell
Analysis of the temperature dependence of the color intensity of UV-sensitive beads.
Bell, Jerry A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1594.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Kinetics |
Photochemistry |
Chemometrics
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Icarus and Sun, Not Only in Mythology but Also in the Laboratory! Mrinalini G. Walawalkar and Herbert W. Roesky
Igniting a paper airplane treated with potassium nitrate using light focussed by a magnifying glass.
Walawalkar, Mrinalini G.; Roesky, Herbert W. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 912.
Photochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction
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Combustion of White Phosphorus Richard L. Keiter and Chaminda P. Gamage
The combustion of white phosphorus.
Keiter, Richard L.; Gamage, Chaminda P. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 908.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Photochemistry |
Main-Group Elements |
Oxidation / Reduction
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Chemiluminescence of Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II): A Glowing Experience Ed Bolton and Mark M. Richter
When Mg powder or turnings are added to a CH3CN-H2O (50:50 v/v) solution mixture containing 1 mM Ru(bpy)32+ and 40 mM S2O82- (CH3CN = acetonitrile, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, S2O82 = peroxydisulfate) at pH 1.2, a bright orange emission results that is easily visible in a darkened room.
Bolton, Ed; Richter, Mark M. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 47.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Photochemistry
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A Simple Protein Purification and Folding Experiment for General Chemistry Laboratory Robert Bowen, Richard Hartung, and Yvonne M. Gindt
A simple procedure for the crude purification of a chromoprotein suitable for a general chemistry laboratory. The protein, phycocyanin, is easy to purify and very stable. It contains a chromophore that can serve to report the integrity of the protein structure: the chromoprotein is dark blue when the protein is folded in its native conformation, and it turns a very pale blue when the protein is unfolded or denatured.
Bowen, Robert ; Hartung, Richard; Gindt, Yvonne M. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1456.
Noncovalent Interactions |
Photochemistry |
Proteins / Peptides |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
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Photochemistry and Pinhole Photography: An Interdisciplinary Experiment Angeliki A. Rigos and Kevin Salemme
This interdisciplinary activity combines chemistry and art through the construction and use of a pinhole camera. We focused on the chemistry of the black and white photographic process as the science component of this activity. The reactions involved are good examples of photochemistry and multiphase chemical reactions, since the light sensitive materials (silver halides) are in the form of a gelatin emulsion of microscopic crystals.
Rigos, Angeliki A.; Salemme, Kevin. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 736A.
Metals |
Photochemistry |
Oxidation State |
Nonmajor Courses |
Applications of Chemistry
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Remediation of Water Contaminated with an Azo Dye: An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment Utilizing an Inexpensive Photocatalytic Reactor John A. Bumpus, Jennifer Tricker, Ken Andrzejewski, Heather Rhoads, and Matthew Tatarko
The construction and use of an inexpensive photocatalytic reactor that utilizes titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst for wastewater treatment is described. In these experiments and in supplementary material, students are made aware that a variety of techniques have been developed to treat wastewaters, including those generated by the chemical industry. Water contaminated with the azo dye Congo Red was selected as an example of how one might treat contaminated water from a textile manufacturing facility.
Bumpus, John A.; Tricker, Jennifer; Andrzejewski, Ken; Rhoads, Heather; Tatarko, Matthew. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1680.
Photochemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Applications of Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
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Lightstick Kinetics Charles E. Roser and Catherine L. McCluskey
This experiment determines the energy of activation of the luminescent reaction in a lightstick by measuring the light intensity relative to temperature using Vernier light and temperature sensors, a Texas Instruments CBL interface, and a TI-82/83 graphing calculator.
Roser, Charles E.; McCluskey, Catherine L. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1514.
Kinetics |
Photochemistry
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UV Catalysis, Cyanotype Photography, and Sunscreens Glen D. Lawrence and Stuart Fishelson
This laboratory experiment is intended for a chemistry course for non-science majors. The experiment utilizes one of the earliest photographic processes, the cyanotype process, to demonstrate UV catalysis of chemical reactions.
Lawrence, Glen D.; Fishelson, Stuart. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1199.
Nonmajor Courses |
Photochemistry |
Catalysis
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Correction to "How Mathematics Figures in Chemistry: Some Examples" (J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 258-267) John Andraos
With respect to the widths of parabolas discussed in Problem 3, shallow wells should be characterized as having the a parameter between 0 and 1 (0 < a < 1). The words "deep" and "shallow" appearing in the paragraph following eq 17 are incorrectly transposed.
Andraos, John. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 897.
Mass Spectrometry |
Photochemistry
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Pushing the Rainbow: Frontiers in Color Chemistry; Light and Color in Chemistry; Report on Two American Chemical Society Presidential Events Nancy S. Gettys
On Sunday March 21, 1999, the 217th ACS National Meeting in Anaheim, California sponsored two Presidential Events, "Pushing the Rainbow: Frontiers in Color Chemistry" and "Light and Color in Chemistry". The events included 10 exceptional and very different speakers who explored various aspects of the importance of light and color in chemistry and chemistry teaching, in other sciences, and in art and human culture.
Gettys, Nancy S. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 737.
Conferences |
Photochemistry |
Materials Science |
Applications of Chemistry
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Chromatographic Separation Techniques for Undergraduates Darwin B. Dahl, John T. Riley, and Thomas K. Green
Over the past several years the Chemistry Department at Western Kentucky University (WKU) has sought to strengthen its undergraduate program departmental through acquisition of FT-NMR, fluorescence, electrochemical, thermal analysis, laser Raman, microscale organic, and polymer laboratory instrumentation; this has enabled the department to build a successful undergraduate program.
Dahl, Darwin B.; Riley, John T.; Green, Thomas K. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1209.
Separation Science |
Chromatography |
Fourier Transform Techniques |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Raman Spectroscopy |
Electrochemistry |
Photochemistry |
Thermal Analysis |
Microscale Lab
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Saving Your Students' Skin. Undergraduate Experiments that Probe UV Protection by Sunscreens and Sunglasses James R. Abney and Bethe A. Scalettar
This article describes absorption spectroscopy experiments that illustrate the mechanism of action of sunscreens and sunglasses and that highlight the differences between different products. The experiments are well suited to incorporation into an undergraduate science laboratory and will expose students to absorption phenomena in a familiar context with substantial environmental and medical relevance.
Abney, James R.; Scalettar, Bethe A. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 757.
Photochemistry |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Spectroscopy
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Demonstrating Electron Transfer and Nanotechnology: A Natural Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline Energy Converter Greg P. Smestad and Michael Gratzel
A unique solar cell fabrication procedure has been developed using natural anthocyanin dyes extracted from berries. It can be reproduced with a minimum amount of resources in order to provide an interdisciplinary approach for lower-division undergraduate students learning the basic principles of biological extraction, physical chemistry, and spectroscopy as well as environmental science and electron transfer.
Smestad, Greg P.; Grtzel, Michael. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 752.
Photochemistry |
Plant Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Dyes / Pigments |
Nanotechnology |
Separation Science |
Spectroscopy
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Photocatalytic Degradation of a Gaseous Organic Pollutant Jimmy C. Yu and Linda Y. L. Chan
A simple and effective method to demonstrate the phenomenon of photocatalytic degradation of a gaseous organic pollutant was developed. Titanium dioxide (anatase) was used as the photocatalyst, and sunlight was found to be an effective light source for the activation of TiO2. The organic pollutant degrade in this demonstration was a common indoor air pollutant, dichloromethane.
Yu, Jimmy C.; Chan, Linda Y. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 750.
Catalysis |
Photochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
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The Spectrophotometric Analysis and Modeling of Sunscreens Christina Walters, Allen Keeney, Carl T. Wigal, Cynthia R. Johnston, and Richard D. Cornelius
Sunscreens and their SPF (Sun Protection Factor) values are the focus of this experiment that includes spectrophotometric measurements and molecular modeling. This experiment lets students explore which compounds have the potential to function as sunscreen agents and thereby see the importance of a knowledge of chemistry to the formulation of household items.
Walters, Christina; Keeney, Allen; Wigal, Carl T.; Johnston, Cynthia R.; Cornelius, Richard D. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 99.
Photochemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Molecular Modeling
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Photosynthesis: Why Does It Occur? J. J. MacDonald
Explanation of why photosynthesis occurs; stating that it is merely the reverse of respiration is misleading.
MacDonald, J. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1113.
Plant Chemistry |
Reactions |
Thermodynamics |
Photochemistry |
Electrochemistry
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A Convenient Luminol Demonstration Schechinger, Linda; Waldman, Amy Sue
Simple, inexpensive apparatus for demonstrating the oxidation of luminol.
Schechinger, Linda; Waldman, Amy Sue J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 243.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photochemistry
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Introducing Atmospheric Reactions: A Systematic Approach for Students Baird, N. Colin
Outline of the dominant reactions that occur in air, particularly with regard to atmospheric pollutants.
Baird, N. Colin J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 153.
Photochemistry |
Free Radicals |
Atmospheric Chemistry
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What Color is it? Earles, Thomas T.
Using fluorescein and bromphenol blue to demonstrate fluorescence and absorption.
Earles, Thomas T. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 768.
Photochemistry |
Dyes / Pigments
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Photodegradation of methylene blue: Using solar light and semiconductor (TiO2) Nogueira, Raquel F. P.; Jardim, Wilson F.
An experiment that can be used to introduce or explore concepts such as photochemistry, semiconductors, and kinetics.
Nogueira, Raquel F. P.; Jardim, Wilson F. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 861.
Semiconductors |
Photochemistry |
Kinetics |
Catalysis |
MO Theory
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Keeping chemistry "light" Silverman, L. Phillip; Bunn, Barbara B.
Photochemically oriented demonstrations and the humor behind the symbol for phosphorus.
Silverman, L. Phillip; Bunn, Barbara B. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 405.
Photochemistry
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Sodium D line emission from pickles Appling, Jeffrey R.; Yonke, Fredrick J.; Edgington, Richard A.; Jacobs, Steve
Presentation of an alternate technique to generate visible atomic emission of sodium atoms that should be useful in a classroom demonstration.
Appling, Jeffrey R.; Yonke, Fredrick J.; Edgington, Richard A.; Jacobs, Steve J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 250.
Photochemistry
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A Simple Demonstration of the Greenhouse Effect Adelhelm, Manfred; Hohn, Ernst-Gerhard
A simple experiment to demonstrate the principle of the greenhouse effect.
Adelhelm, Manfred; Hohn, Ernst-Gerhard J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 73.
Photochemistry |
Green Chemistry
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A simple and colorful demonstration of light-catalyzed bromination of an alkane Stevens, Malcolm P.
Light-catalyzed bromination of an alkane.
Stevens, Malcolm P. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 1028.
Catalysis |
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Photochemistry |
Reactions
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Gas reactions in plastic bags: Relating laboratory observations to the atomic-molecular model Robinson, Maurice; Barrow, Gordon M.
Carrying out chemical reactions in Ziplock bags to investigate a variety of chemical concepts.
Robinson, Maurice; Barrow, Gordon M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 1026.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Gases |
Reactions |
Acids / Bases |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Physical Properties
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A multicolored luminescence demonstration Smith, Paul E.; Johnston, Kevin; Reason, David M.; Bodner, George M.
Materials and apparatus to produce a range (red-to-white-to-blue) of luminescent colors.
Smith, Paul E.; Johnston, Kevin; Reason, David M.; Bodner, George M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 827.
Photochemistry
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Simple analogies in general chemistry. McCullough, Thomas.
Great Plains Indians and Dalton's Law; bullets, BB's, and the photoelectric effect; and high velocity bullets and high frequency light.
McCullough, Thomas. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 543.
Gases |
Photochemistry
|
Using the colorimeter to illustrate the wave nature of light and the relationship between color and light absorbed Malerich, Charles J.
This note describes a short simple experiment that is useful for teaching the wave nature of light and the relationship between color and the visible spectrum of a substance.
Malerich, Charles J. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 163.
Photochemistry
|
Bright-line spectrum analogy Samsa, Richard A.
An analogy for bright-line emission using common items, such as sand and an eraser.
Samsa, Richard A. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 412.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Photochemistry |
Quantum Chemistry
|
Alternative flame test procedures Barnes, Zexia K.
An alternative to using Nichrome wire where the limited volume of solution delivered makes it difficult to see the color in the flame.
Barnes, Zexia K. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 246.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Quantum Chemistry |
Photochemistry
|
St. Patrick's day special - A boron flame shamrock Earles, Thomas T.
When you prepare this quick, simple demonstration, be sure you prepare a double batch, as students will demand repeats.
Earles, Thomas T. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 57.
Photochemistry
|
Photophysics in a disco: Luminescence quenching of quinine Sacksteder, LouAnn; Ballew, R. M.; Brown, Elizabeth A.; Demas, J. N.; Nesselrodt, D.; DeGraff, B. A.
A simple procedure for semiquantitatively examining luminescence quenching using tonic water (contains quinine), table salt, a shot glass, and a black light.
Sacksteder, LouAnn; Ballew, R. M.; Brown, Elizabeth A.; Demas, J. N.; Nesselrodt, D.; DeGraff, B. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 1065.
Photochemistry
|
A classroom demonstration polarimeter Levine, Samuel G.
A demonstration polarimeter that may be assembled in minutes from common laboratory materials; does not require a projection screen or a darkened room.
Levine, Samuel G. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 1064.
Photochemistry
|
The H2 + Cl2 explosion as a chemical analogue of the photoelectric effect: A true quantum mechanical demonstration Knox, Kerro
The photochemical hydrogen-chlorine reaction affords a good example of the quantum aspect of light and its interaction with matter.
Knox, Kerro J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 897.
Reactions |
Quantum Chemistry |
Photochemistry
|
Device to describe wave polarization Nicolai, Lidia; Baron, Maximo
A device to show that any type of polarized wave (plane, circular, and elliptical) can be obtained from two coherent planar waves having their vibration planes perpendicular to each other.
Nicolai, Lidia; Baron, Maximo J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 647.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Photochemistry
|
Consumer chemistry demonstrations Carberry, Edward; Gonnella, Thomas; Eliason, Robert
Demonstrating the hazards of mixing an acidic cleaner with bleach and the light-absorbing ability of sunscreens.
Carberry, Edward; Gonnella, Thomas; Eliason, Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 1041.
Consumer Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Photochemistry |
Toxicology
|
Change in optical rotation with wavelength Koubek, Edward; Quinn, H.
Illustrates the effect of an optically active material (Karo corn syrup) on plane-polarized light.
Koubek, Edward; Quinn, H. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 853.
Photochemistry |
Chirality / Optical Activity
|
What color are fluorescent solutions? Sturtevant, John L.
The overhead projector is ideally suited to separate the transmission and luminescence spectral properties of solutions.
Sturtevant, John L. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 511.
Photochemistry
|
Remember E = hv is correct only half of the time Leo, Howard, R.
Reminder that the title equation (Planck) is not algebraically correct.
Leo, Howard, R. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 11.
Chemometrics |
Photochemistry
|
A multicolored luminol-based chemiluminescence demonstration Chalmers, John H., Jr.; Bradbury, Michael W.; Fabricant, Jill D.
Demonstrating a variety of luminescent colors using luminol and different fluorescent compounds.
Chalmers, John H., Jr.; Bradbury, Michael W.; Fabricant, Jill D. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 969.
Photochemistry
|
Demonstrating the chemistry of air pollution Hollenberg, J. Leland; Stephens, Edgar R.; Pitts, James N., Jr.
Demonstrations regarding the three essential conditions or ingredients for the formation of photochemical smog and involving NO, NO2, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and O3.
Hollenberg, J. Leland; Stephens, Edgar R.; Pitts, James N., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 893.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Photochemistry
|
An apparatus for sample degassing and sealing Nicodem, David E.; Marchiori, Roberto
Device that allows the preparation and sealing of low-cost test tubes by inexperienced students.
Nicodem, David E.; Marchiori, Roberto J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 282.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Photochemistry
|
Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry, Volume I (Shakhashiri, Bassam Z.) Kauffman, George B.
81 tested demonstrations grouped into 4 chapters: thermochemistry, chemiluminescence, polymers, and color and equilibria of metal ion precipitates and complexes.
Kauffman, George B. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, A31.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Photochemistry |
Metals
|
Windowsill kinetics: A spectrophotometric study of the photochromism of mercury dithizonate Petersen, Richard L.; Harris, Gaylon L.
Mercury dithizonate undergoes a color change from orange to an intense royal blue upon irradiation with visible light.
Petersen, Richard L.; Harris, Gaylon L. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 802.
Photochemistry |
Spectroscopy |
Kinetics |
Coordination Compounds |
Raman Spectroscopy
|
Energy interconversions in photosynthesis Bering, Charles L.
Reviews the energetics of the light reactions of photosynthesis.
Bering, Charles L. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 659.
Photosynthesis |
Photochemistry |
Thermodynamics |
Bioenergetics
|
Preparation and analysis of potassium tris(oxalato)ferrate(III)trihydrate: A general chemistry experiment Olmsted, John, III
The analysis of this compound combines gravimetric and titrimeric methods and includes a unique and colorful photoredox reaction.
Olmsted, John, III J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 1098.
Synthesis |
Photochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Gravimetric Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
|
Photon-initiated hydrogen-chloride reaction: Improvements on a lecture demonstration Ramette, R. W.
Improvements to the photon-initiated reaction between hydrogen and chlorine gas - the gas mixture is generated by the electrolysis of 8 M HCl.
Ramette, R. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 722.
Photochemistry |
Reactions
|
Chemiluminescence Gill, Steven K.; Brice, Luther K.
When exposed to moist air, tetrakis(dimethylamino)ethylene gives off a vivid blue-green luminescence.
Gill, Steven K.; Brice, Luther K. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 713.
Photochemistry
|
Chemical storage of solar energy using an old color change demonstration Spears, L. Gene, Jr.; Spears, Larry G.
The results of a student research project that could be used as an experiment to illustrate the potential of hydrates salts for solar energy storage.
Spears, L. Gene, Jr.; Spears, Larry G. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 252.
Photochemistry |
Coordination Compounds |
Solutions / Solvents |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
|
Photoelectrochemical solar cells McDevitt, John T.
An introduction to photoelectrochemical cells and topics pertaining to solar energy conversion.
McDevitt, John T. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 217.
Photochemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Semiconductors |
Applications of Chemistry
|
A fluorescence lecture demonstration Bozzelli, Joseph W.
A fluorescence demonstration can be related to several aspects of molecular theory and quantized energy levels; suggests eight different fluorescent dye solutions.
Bozzelli, Joseph W. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 787.
Photochemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Quantum Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments
|
The kinetics of photographic development: A general chemistry experiment Byrd, J. E.; Perona, M. J.
An experiment that uses black and white photographic equipment to illustrate the determination of reaction rate, kinetic order of reactant, and activation energy.
Byrd, J. E.; Perona, M. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 335.
Kinetics |
Applications of Chemistry |
Photochemistry |
Rate Law
|
The sunset demonstration - A variation May, Jeffrey C.
This demonstration uses no solutions - only a lamp and a stack of about 20 sheets of white paper.
May, Jeffrey C. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 57.
Photochemistry
|
Photochemical reactions of tris(oxalato)iron (III): A first year chemistry experiment Baker, A. D.; Casadevell, A.; Gafney, H. D.; Gellender, M.
An experiment based on the photoreduction of potassium ferrioxalate.
Baker, A. D.; Casadevell, A.; Gafney, H. D.; Gellender, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 314.
Photochemistry |
Kinetics |
Reactions
|
Rotation of plane-polarized light: A simple model Hill, Roger R.; Whatley, Barrie G.
A simple model that explains why enantiomers of a chiral compound rotate light in different directions.
Hill, Roger R.; Whatley, Barrie G. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 306.
Photochemistry |
Molecular Modeling |
Chirality / Optical Activity |
Stereochemistry |
Enantiomers |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
Polymer photophysics: A negative photoresist Bramwell, Fitzgerald B.; Zadjura, Richard E.; Stemp, Leo; Fahrenholtz, Susan R.; Flowers, John M.
A negative photoresist is formulated that consists of a solution of a photosensitive film-forming polymer or resin that is used to create the negative image of an object on a glass slide.
Bramwell, Fitzgerald B.; Zadjura, Richard E.; Stemp, Leo; Fahrenholtz, Susan R.; Flowers, John M. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 541.
Photochemistry |
Polymerization
|
Triboluminescence spectroscopy of common candies Zink, Jeffrey I.; Angelos, Rebecca; Hardy, Gordon E.
Experimental methods of measuring spectra and the origins of triboluminescence; includes spectra data for spearmint, peppermint, and wintergreen Lifesavers.
Zink, Jeffrey I.; Angelos, Rebecca; Hardy, Gordon E. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 413.
Photochemistry |
Spectroscopy
|
A chemiluminescence demonstration - Oxalyl chloride oxidation Bramwell, Fitzgerald B.; Goodman, Sidney; Chandross, Edwin A.; Kaplan, Martin
An effective chemiluminescence demonstration requiring minimal preparation based on the oxidation of oxalyl chloride by hydrogen peroxide.
Bramwell, Fitzgerald B.; Goodman, Sidney; Chandross, Edwin A.; Kaplan, Martin J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 111.
Photochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Phosphorescence: A demonstration Bramwell, Fitzgerald B.; Spinner, Mark L.
Making samples for use in phosphorescence demonstrations by including them in a polymer matrix.
Bramwell, Fitzgerald B.; Spinner, Mark L. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 167.
Photochemistry
|
Singlet oxygen in aqueous solution: A lecture demonstration Shakhashiri, Bassam Z.; Williams, Lloyd G.
Lecture demonstrations involving chemiluminescence are useful for the purpose both of displaying chemical phenomena and of illustrating specific principles.
Shakhashiri, Bassam Z.; Williams, Lloyd G. J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 358.
Photochemistry |
Reactions |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Spectroscopy
|
UV spectra and cost analysis of suntan lotions: A simple introduction to the use of recording spectrophotometers Evans, George O., II
Students enjoy this experiment which has a Consumer Reports aspect to it.
Evans, George O., II J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 315.
Photochemistry |
Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Consumer Chemistry
|
The chemistry of color photography Guida, Wayne C.; Raber, Douglas J.
Provides a brief introduction to the chemical reaction involved in color photography and the physical principles that permit those reactions to reproduce colored images.
Guida, Wayne C.; Raber, Douglas J. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 622.
Photochemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Reactions
|
Conversion of black and white prints to color in daylight. A demonstration lecture for general and organic courses Wheeler, Thomas N.
A black and white print is converted to a full color print with the lights on; includes a detailed discussion of the chemical processes involved in the demonstration.
Wheeler, Thomas N. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 607.
Photochemistry |
Reactions |
Consumer Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
180-183. Four biochemistry questions and their answers.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 241.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Photochemistry |
Photosynthesis |
Acids / Bases |
pH
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
175-179. Five ecological chemistry questions and their answers.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 171.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Photochemistry |
Catalysis |
Enzymes
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
Three questions involving an application of chemical principles to interesting topics
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 356.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Photosynthesis |
Photochemistry
|
An experiment sequence involving potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate Brooks, David W.
This procedure explores the synthesis, analysis, and photochemical reactions of potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate.
Brooks, David W. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 218.
Industrial Chemistry |
Synthesis |
Photochemistry
|
The helix coil transition of DNA Steinert, Roger; Hudson, Bruce
The design and use of a photometer to detect the transition of DNA from the double helix to random coil form.
Steinert, Roger; Hudson, Bruce J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 129.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Photochemistry |
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
The Planck radiation law and the efficiency of a light bulb Lehman, Thomas A.
This experiment uses the Planck equation to determine the efficiency of an ordinary light bulb, expressed as the ratio of visible light energy to total emitted energy.
Lehman, Thomas A. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 832.
Quantum Chemistry |
Photochemistry
|
A laboratory experiment in fluorescence using the Spectronic 20 Duncan, Robert L.; Kirkpatrick, James W.; Neas, Robert E.
Directions for modifying a Spec 20 to function as an unsophisticated filter fluorometer and using it to measure the fluorescence of quinine sulfate as a function of its concentration.
Duncan, Robert L.; Kirkpatrick, James W.; Neas, Robert E. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 550.
Photochemistry
|
Questions [and] Answers Campbell, J. A.
Five questions requiring the application of basic principles of chemistry.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 414.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Astrochemistry |
Photochemistry
|
Demonstration of photochemistry and the dimerization and trapping of free radicals Silversmith, Ernest F.
This demonstration uses simple equipment and involves a rapid, readily noticeable color change and also illustrates dimerization and the trapping of free radicals.
Silversmith, Ernest F. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 315.
Photochemistry |
Free Radicals |
Reactions
|
Chemical principles exemplified Plumb, Robert C.
Introduction to a new series, containing "exempla" (brief anecdotes about materials and phenomena which exemplify chemical principles). [Debut]
Plumb, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 175.
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Thermodynamics |
Equilibrium |
Photochemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Construction and uses of an inexpensive polarimeter Vennos, Mary S.
Presents a design of an inexpensive polarimeter and its use to determine the specific rotation of sucrose and the concentration of an unknown sucrose solution.
Vennos, Mary S. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 459.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Photochemistry |
Chirality / Optical Activity |
Enantiomers |
Instrumental Methods |
Noncovalent Interactions
|
Energy D. Light Energy Lamb, Clayton B; Averett, Gary; Hornbeck, Leroy G.; Alyea, Hubert N.; Slabaugh, W. H.
Demonstrations include the photochemical oxidation of thionin, the photochemical reduction of Fe(III) by oxalic acid, blueprinting, diazo-printing, polarizing crystals, growing hypo in polarizer, growing benzoic acid in polarizer, and different concentrations of karo syrup polarizer.
Lamb, Clayton B; Averett, Gary; Hornbeck, Leroy G.; Alyea, Hubert N.; Slabaugh, W. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A145.
Photochemistry
|
Energy C. Electrical Energy Soule, Dean; Hornbeck, Leroy G.; Jackson, Kenneth V.; Barnard, Robert; Noerdin, Isjrin
Demonstrations include aluminum flashed in oxygen; photo-bromination of cinnamic acid, hexane, tartaric acid, toluene; photochemical H2+Cl2 explosion and the slow photochemical H2+Cl2 into 2HCl.
Soule, Dean; Hornbeck, Leroy G.; Jackson, Kenneth V.; Barnard, Robert; Noerdin, Isjrin J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A83.
Reactions |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photochemistry
|
Letter to the editor (the author replies) Holloway, John L.
Warns readers about the dangers associated with the preparation of xenon fluoride.
Holloway, John L. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 619.
Photochemistry
|
Letter to the editor Chernick, Cedrick L.
Warns readers about the dangers associated with the preparation of xenon fluoride.
Chernick, Cedrick L. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 619.
Photochemistry
|
Behavior of electrons in atoms: Structure, spectra, and photochemistry of atoms (Hochstrasser, Robin M.) Gregory, N. W.
Gregory, N. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 62.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Photochemistry |
Spectroscopy |
Quantum Chemistry
|
Formation of monothiocyanatoiron(III): A photometric equilibrium study Ramette, Richard W.
Presents a beginning equilibrium experiment using photometry.
Ramette, Richard W. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 71.
Photochemistry |
Equilibrium |
Spectroscopy
|
Photosynthesis Bassham, J. A.
Provides a detailed review of what is known about photosynthesis and recent developments in methods of investigation.
Bassham, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 548.
Photosynthesis |
Plant Chemistry |
Photochemistry
|
Textbook errors: XV. Miscellanea Mysels, Karol J.
Textbooks errors considered include the solubility of acetates, the effect of light on reactions, tetrahedral carbon, the production of aluminum, and fumaric acid.
Mysels, Karol J. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 32.
Photochemistry |
Covalent Bonding
|
An efficient chemiluminescent system and a chemiluminescent clock reaction White, Emil H.
Presents the investigation of two chemiluminescent systems - the first is particularly brilliant and the second acts as a clock reaction.
White, Emil H. J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 275.
Photochemistry |
Reactions
|
Fluorescent lighting as an analytical hazard Bishop, John A.
Fluorescent lighting in an analytical laboratory decomposes AgCl precipitates, obscuring certain titrations.
Bishop, John A. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 372.
Photochemistry |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Laboratory Management
|
Some new demonstrations on fluorescence Feigl, F.; Heisig, G. B.
Presents several demonstrations involving the fluorescent effects of 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine), including the formation of fluorescent metal oxinates and the preparation of a fluorescent sol and aerosol.
Feigl, F.; Heisig, G. B. J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 192.
Photochemistry
|
A demonstration on the chemistry of color Bunce, Stanley C.; Hammer, Henry F.
Describes a series of demonstrations to illustrate and explain the chemistry of color.
Bunce, Stanley C.; Hammer, Henry F. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 546.
Photochemistry |
Dyes / Pigments
|
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