14.8. Distribution of a Single Species between Immiscible Phases: Extraction and Separation Processes
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Chromatography Chromatographic techniques including the gas chromatography, paper chromatography, and thin layer chromatography are demonstrated.
Chromatography |
Separation Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Centrifuging a SampleJohn W. Moore, Jerrold J. Jacobsen, Lois M. Browne, John F. Zimmerman The demonstration on this page shows a technique that should not be used by undergraduate chemistry laboratory. This video shows what happens to sample in a centrifuge while the centrifuge is on, and the result of stopping the centrifuge improperly. A narrative is included in this video: The centrifuging process allows the solvent to completely settle out. The jarring caused by hand braking destroys the distinct separation between supernatant and solid.
Separation Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Centrifuge Centrifuging safety considerations, centrifuging a sample, loading and unloading a centrifuge, removing the supernatant, and washing the precipitate are discussed and demonstrated.
If You Were a Molecule in a Chromatography Column, What Would You See?John Mattice To visualize what takes place in a chromatography column, enlarge the molecules to human size and expand the columns to keep the ratio of size of molecule to size of column the same. Using such a model, this article explains how band broadening occurs as a result of resistance to mass transfer, multiple flow paths, and stagnant mobile phase. Mattice, John. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 925.
The Separation of MixturesEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Separation Science
DistillationEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Physical Properties |
Separation Science
Chromatography, Paper (ChemPages Lab)John W. Moore, Jerrold J. Jacobsen, Joe L. March Chromatography, Paper: this is a resource in the collection "ChemPages Laboratory Resources". Paper chromatography is one method for testing the purity of compounds and identifying substances. Paper chromatography is a useful technique because it is relatively quick and requires small quantities of material. The ChemPages Laboratory Resources are a set of web pages that include text, images, video, and self check questions. The topics included are those that are commonly encountered in the first-year chemistry laboratory. They have been put together for use as both a pre-laboratory preparation tool and an in-laboratory reference source.
