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Journal Articles: 813 results
The Fuge Tube Diode Array Spectrophotometer  B. T. Arneson, S. R. Long, K. K. Stewart, and J. J. Lagowski
Presents details for adapting a diode array UVvis spectrophotometer to incorporate the use of polypropylene microcentrifuge tubesfuge tubesas cuvettes. The fuge tubes also can serve as reaction vessels, which permits the ready study of chemical systems involving heterogeneous phases by eliminating the need for tedious separations.
Arneson, B. T.; Long, S. R.; Stewart, K. K.; Lagowski, J. J. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1663.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solutions / Solvents |
Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Sustainability Education and the ACS Committee on Environmental Improvement  Laura E. Pence
The Education subcommittee of the Committee on Environmental Improvement is working on several complementary sustainability projects including informing chemistry departments about energy efficient fume hood management and working with textbook authors to incorporate sustainability throughout their educational materials.
Pence, Laura E. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1608.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Revising the ACS Guidelines for Chemistry Programs in Two-Year Colleges: Exploring Changes and Opportunities  John V. Clevenger, Margaret S. Richards, and Jodi L. Wesemann
A draft of the next edition of the ACS Guidelines for Chemistry Programs in Two-Year Colleges contains guidelines designed to maximize the potential of students, faculty, and programs in two-year colleges; reflect changes in pedagogy, technology, and accountability; facilitate student transfer; and provide a more useful resource for strengthening programs.
Clevenger, John V.; Richards, Margaret S.; Wesemann, Jodi L. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1602.
Administrative Issues |
Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Nonmajor Courses |
Professional Development |
Spectroscopy |
Undergraduate Research
Elemental Chem Lab  Antonio Joaquín Franco Mariscal
Three puzzles use the symbols of 45 elements to spell the names of 32 types of laboratory equipment usually found in chemical labs.
Franco Mariscal, Antonio Joaquín. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1370.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Periodicity / Periodic Table
A Soap-Making Suggestion  Ben Ruekberg
The reaction mixture of soap-making procedures tends to clog the filter paper in a Bchner funnel. A plastic scrubbing sheet such as Scotch-Brite is coarse enough to allow rapid filtration but fine enough to hold curdy soap.
Ruekberg, Ben. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1345.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
News from Online: The Chemistry of Sports  Janice Hall Tomasik
Presents a collection of chemistry-related, sports online resources on a variety of topics, including recent advances in nanotechnology that improve sports equipment and the athlete's nutrition and metabolism.
Tomasik, Janice Hall. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1334.
Applications of Chemistry |
Bioenergetics |
Nanotechnology
A Non-Mercury Thermometer Alternative for Use in Older Melting Point Apparatuses  Lois K. Ongley, Clayton S. Kern, and Barry W. Woods
This work demonstrates that lab-calibrated thermocouples are a statistically accurate and economically reasonable substitute for mercury thermometers to measure the melting point temperature for organic compounds in older Mel-Temp devices.
Ongley, Lois K.; Kern, Clayton S.; Woods, Barry W. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1263.
Calibration |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
An Inexpensive Solution Calorimeter  Emma Kavanagh, Sam Mindel, Giles Robertson, and D. E. Peter Hughes
Describes the construction of a simple solution calorimeter, using a miniature bead thermistor as a temperature-sensing element, that has a response time of a few seconds and made it possible to carry out a thermometric reaction in under a minute.
Kavanagh, Emma; Mindel, Sam; Robertson, Giles; Hughes, D. E. Peter. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1129.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Thermal Analysis |
Thermodynamics
Revising the ACS Guidelines for Chemistry Programs in Two-Year Colleges: Shaping the Next Edition  John V. Clevenger and Jodi L. Wesemann
Much has changed since the second edition of the ACS Guidelines for Chemistry Programs in Two-Year Colleges was prepared in 1997. The roles that two-year college programs can and do play in providing access to and success in higher education are receiving more attention.
Clevenger, John V.; Wesemann, Jodi L. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 770.
Administrative Issues |
Applications of Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Nonmajor Courses |
Professional Development |
Student / Career Counseling |
Undergraduate Research |
Student-Centered Learning
A Lab Experience To Illustrate the Physicochemical Principles of Detergency  J. A. Poce-Fatou, M. Bethencourt-Núñez, C. Moreno, F. J. Moreno-Dorado, and J. J. Pinto-Ganfornina
This article presents a lab to study the role of a surfactant and builder in laundry detergent efficiency as determined through measurements of the diffuse reflectances of polyester samples impregnated with linseed oil.
Poce-Fatou, J. A.; Bethencourt-Núñez, M.; Moreno, C.; Moreno-Dorado, F. J.; Pinto-Ganfornina, J. J. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 266.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Micelles |
Surface Science |
Thermodynamics
Scientific–Chemical Viewpoints Regarding Smoking: A Science Laboratory for All  Ron Blonder
This article describes a lab that examines the acidity of cigarette smoke as well as solid particles and vapor phase substances found therein, and simulates the effects of smoking on the lungs. The aim of this activity is to expose adolescents to the scientific aspects of smoking and the relevance of chemistry in everyday life.
Blonder, Ron. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 248.
Acids / Bases |
Consumer Chemistry |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH |
Applications of Chemistry |
Student-Centered Learning
Tin(II) Chloride Dihydrate  Jay A. Young
Proper handling and safety tips for tin(II) chloride dihydrate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 194.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Tin(II) Oxide  Jay A. Young
Proper handling and safety tips for tin(II) oxide are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 193.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
New Analytical Method for the Determination of Detergent Concentration in Water by Fabric Dyeing  Set Seng, Masakazu Kita, and Reiko Sugihara
This article describes a high school classroom activity in which an acrylic fabric is used as the extraction medium in the analysis of detergent concentration rather than more harmful organic solvents. An handmade reflection photometer, assembled with inexpensive materials such as LED, PVC tube, and CdS sensor, is used to determine the detergent concentration.
Seng, Set; Kita, Masakazu; Sugihara, Reiko. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1803.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis |
Solutions / Solvents |
Water / Water Chemistry
Benchtop Nanoscale Patterning Using Soft Lithography  Viswanathan Meenakshi, Yelizaveta Babayan, and Teri W. Odom
This paper outlines several nanoscale patterning experiments designed to use readily available and inexpensive materials such as compact discs, glass microscope slides, and curable polymers, and supplemented by an online video lab manual. These labs allow students to generate polymeric and metallic structures with feature sizes as small as 110 nm.
Meenakshi, Viswanathan; Babayan, Yelizaveta; Odom, Teri W. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1795.
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology
How Many Atomic Layers of Zinc Are in a Galvanized Iron Coating?   Shui-Ping Yang
This article describes a guided inquiry and problem solving experiment in which students use a novel gasometric assembly to determine the thickness and number of atomic layers of zinc coating on galvanized iron wires and nails.
Yang, Shui-Ping. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1792.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis |
Rate Law
Creating Customized, Relevant, and Engaging Laboratory Safety Videos  Michael L. Matson, Jeffrey P. Fitzgerald, and Shirley Lin
A customized safety video has been created for the laboratory component of a general chemistry course incorporating information specific to laboratory experiments and equipment, as well as policies unique to the institution. Clips from popular film and television series were used to capture and sustain the attention of the audience while reinforcing relevant safety directives.
Matson, Michael L.; Fitzgerald, Jeffrey P.; Lin, Shirley. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1727.
Administrative Issues |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nonmajor Courses |
Laboratory Management
Using Technology and Other Assistive Strategies To Aid Students with Disabilities in Performing Chemistry Lab Tasks  Mary Bethé Neely
This paper describes a project undertaken as an interdisciplinary effort among four science departments, two disabilities services offices, and special education personnel to investigate the use and success of assistive technology devices and other equipment modifications to transform science labs into environments where students with disabilities can function independently.
Neely, Mary Bethé. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1697.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nonmajor Courses |
Minorities in Chemistry
A Qualitative Experiment To Analyze Microbial Activity in Topsoil Using Paper and a Handmade Reflection Photometer   Julius Kofi Agbeko and Masakazu Kita
This article describes a novel method to qualitatively determine the extent of microbial activity in topsoil using blank paper containing high amounts of starch and a simple, handmade, cadmium sulfidelight emitting diode (CdSLED) reflection photometer.
Agbeko, Julius Kofi; Kita, Masakazu. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1689.
Bioanalytical Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis |
Spectroscopy
Carbon Dioxide Fountain  Seong-Joo Kang and Eun-Hee Ryu
This article presents the development of a carbon dioxide fountain that, unlike the traditional ammonia fountain, is odorless and uses consumer chemicals. This experiment also allows students to see evidence of a gaseous reagent being consumed when a pressure sensor is available.
Kang, Seong-Joo; Ryu, Eun-Hee. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1671.
Acids / Bases |
Consumer Chemistry |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Reactions
Lactic Acid  Jay A. Young
The hazards of lactic acid are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1420.
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Fluorescence Spectroscopy in a Shoebox  M. Farooq Wahab
Concepts related to fluorescence spectroscopy are demonstrated with a simple fluorometer that examines highlighter ink using a flashlight or the sun as a light source, a bowl of water with a mirror as the dispersing element, colored cellophane as filters, and the human eye as a detector. In addition, a spectrofluorometer is constructed using gratings made from a DVD or CD.
Wahab, M. Farooq. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1308.
Dyes / Pigments |
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Qualitative Analysis |
Spectroscopy
Optical Properties of Fluorescent Mixtures: Comparing Quantum Dots to Organic Dyes  Benjamin M. Hutchins, Thomas T. Morgan, Miné G. Ucak-Astarlioglu, and Mary Elizabeth Williams
Visually observed fluorescent colors of quantum dots in conjunction with spectroscopic data show students the additive emission of such mixtures; while some appear to emit white light, their fluorescence peaks remain spectroscopically resolved.
Hutchins, Benjamin M.; Morgan, Thomas T.; Ucak-Astarlioglu, Miné G.; Williams, Mary Elizabeth. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1301.
Dyes / Pigments |
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Photochemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Building a Low-Cost, Six-Electrode Instrument To Measure Electrical Properties of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Gold Nanoparticles  Ralph W. Gerber and Maria Oliver-Hoyo
The multimeter testing apparatus described is an inexpensive and easy to construct analogdigital meter that can be used for quantitative measurements of self-assembled gold monolayers.
Gerber, Ralph W.; Oliver-Hoyo, Maria. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1177.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science |
Electrochemistry
From the Research Bench to the Teaching Laboratory: Gold Nanoparticle Layering  Maria Oliver-Hoyo and Ralph W. Gerber
The procedures presented here involve the synthesis of gold colloidal suspensions, attachment of a functional group to glass with subsequent creation of self-assembled monolayers through deposition of gold nanoparticles, and measurements of wavelengths, absorbance, and conductivity.
Oliver-Hoyo, Maria; Gerber, Ralph W. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1174.
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science |
Synthesis |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Digitally Enhanced Thin-Layer Chromatography: An Inexpensive, New Technique for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis  Amber Victoria Irish Hess
Thin-layer chromatography enhanced by digital photography is ideal for high school and college labs and can perform qualitative and quantitative analysis comparable to more expensive, high-performance TLC equipment. Using common photo-editing software, one can quickly produce multi-spectral scans, densitograms, and calibration curves, output previously limited to HPTLC.
Hess, Amber Victoria Irish. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 842.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Instrumental Methods |
Chromatography
Enthalpy of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures: An Inexpensive Apparatus  Rubin Battino, David A. Dolson, Michael R. Hall, and Trevor M. Letcher
Describes an inexpensive apparatus for the determination of the vapor pressure of a liquid as a function of temperature for the purpose of calculating enthalpy changes of vaporization. Also described are a simple air thermostat and an inexpensive temperature controller based on an integrated temperature sensor.
Battino, Rubin; Dolson, David A.; Hall, Michael R.; Letcher, Trevor M. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 822.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Lipids |
Phenols |
Physical Properties |
Thermodynamics |
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Preparation of CdS Nanoparticles by First-Year Undergraduates  Kurt Winkelmann, Thomas Noviello, and Steven Brooks
First-year undergraduate students prepare bulk and nanometer-sized cadmium sulfide clusters within water-in-oil micelles and calculate particle size using the effective mass model.
Winkelmann, Kurt; Noviello, Thomas; Brooks, Steven. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 709.
Colloids |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Micelles |
Semiconductors |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Exploring Faraday's Law of Electrolysis Using Zinc–Air Batteries with Current Regulative Diodes  Masahiro Kamata and Miei Paku
Describes a new educational experiment using low-cost zincair batteries and current regulative diode arrays to quickly confirm Faraday's law of electrolysis.
Kamata, Masahiro; Paku, Miei. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 674.
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Oxidation / Reduction
Small-Scale and Low-Cost Electrodes for "Standard" Reduction Potential Measurements  Per-Odd Eggen, Lise Kvittingen, and Truls Grønneberg
This article describes how to construct three simple and inexpensive, microchemistry electrodes: hydrogen, chlorine, and copper.
Eggen, Per-Odd; Grønneberg, Truls; Kvittingen, Lise. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 671.
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Student-Centered Learning
A Simple and Inexpensive Salt Bridge for Demonstrations Involving a Galvanic Cell  Charles A. Liberko
A saturated sponge is a quick, economical, and reliable way to allow ions to transfer between the two half cells in a galvanic cell.
Liberko, Charles A. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 597.
Conductivity |
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Hydrophilic Inorganic Macro-Ions in Solution: Unprecedented Self-Assembly Emerging from Historical "Blue Waters"  Tianbo Liu, Ekkehard Diemann, and Achim Müller
The behavior of supramolecular structures in solution is different from that of simple ions, polymers, surfactant micelles, and colloids. New research involving polyoxometalates, which are fully hydrophilic but tend to self-associate into macro-ionic structures, may change our understanding of inorganic ionic solutions.
Liu, Tianbo; Diemann, Ekkehard; Müller, Achim. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 526.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Colloids |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Solutions / Solvents |
Spectroscopy |
Lasers |
Physical Properties
A Novel W-Tube for Microscale Experiments in Chemistry  H. O. Gupta
A simple W-tube is described to test for the presence or absence of a certain gas quickly and economically at the microscale level.
Gupta, H. O. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 321.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Qualitative Analysis |
Gases
Chemical Nanotechnology: A Liberal Arts Approach to a Basic Course in Emerging Interdisciplinary Science and Technology  Lon A. Porter, Jr.
This course focuses on the basic science behind the major research initiatives in nanotechnology, while revisiting the origins of the field and spotlighting current advances. Students are also challenged to consider the political, economical, environmental, and ethical concerns relating to nanotechnology and its potential impact on modern society.
Porter, Lon A., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 259.
Applications of Chemistry |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Nonmajor Courses |
Surface Science
Introducing New Learning Tools into a Standard Classroom: A Multi-Tool Approach to Integrating Fuel-Cell Concepts into Introductory College Chemistry   Matthew J. DAmato, Kenneth W. Lux, Kenneth A. Walz, Holly Walter Kerby, and Barbara Anderegg
Describes an approach to deliver the science and engineering concepts involved in fuel-cell technology to the introductory college chemistry classroom using traditional lectures, multimedia learning objects, and a lab activity to enhance student learning in a hands-on, interactive manner.
DAmato, Matthew J.; Lux, Kenneth W.; Walz, Kenneth A.; Kerby, Holly Walter; Anderegg, Barbara. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 248.
Electrochemistry |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Membranes
A Dam for Cup Sinks To Keep Chemical Spills from the Drain  Frederick C. Sauls and Janine M. Alexis
A dam of gasket material around the sink can resolve the difficulty of chemical spills in the hood.
Sauls, Frederick C.; Alexis, Janine M. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 232.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Plasmons: Why Should We Care?  D. J. Campbell and Younan Xia
Reviews the techniques of surface plasmon resonance, optical sensing methods, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
Campbell, D. J.; Xia, Younan. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 91.
Nanotechnology |
Raman Spectroscopy |
Surface Science
Introducing the Core Concepts of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology: Two Vignettes  Karl Sohlberg
Presents two theoretical calculations that are relatively simple to implement using standard spreadsheet software, are suitable for discussion at the undergraduate level, and directly demonstrate the core concepts of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Sohlberg, Karl. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1516.
Computational Chemistry |
Nanotechnology |
Theoretical Chemistry
Classroom Scale Demonstrations Using Flash Ignition of Carbon Nanotubes  Dean J. Campbell, Kylee E. Korte, Jesse T. McCann, and Younan Xia
Flash-initiated combustion of carbon nanotubes can be demonstrated in a large setting using a variety of demonstrations. These demonstrations can also be used to illustrate the importance of surface area in chemical reactions.
Campbell, Dean J.; Korte, Kylee E.; McCann, Jesse T.; Xia, Younan. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1511.
Kinetics |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science
A Better Method for Filling Pasteur Pipet Chromatography Columns  Ben Ruekberg
A test tube can be used to improve the quality and ease of preparing and loading a Pasteur pipet chromatography column.
Ruekberg, Ben. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1200.
Chromatography |
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Simple Method for Rapidly Obtaining Absorption Spectra with a Spectronic-20D+ Spectrophotometer  Jonathan E. Thompson
This article describes how simple modifications to the Spectronic 20D+ and interfacing this instrument to a popular data acquisition system allows for a significant decrease in the time necessary for collection of an absorption spectrum from 400 to 650 nm.
Thompson, Jonathan E. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 913.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Incorporation of Microwave Synthesis into the Undergraduate Organic Laboratory  Alan R. Katritzky, Chunming Cai, Meghan D. Collins, Eric F. V. Scriven, Sandeep K. Singh, and E. Keller Barnhardt
Describes a simple way to effectively implement microwave synthesis into the undergraduate organic laboratory curriculum.
Katritzky, Alan R.; Cai, Chunming; Collins, Meghan D.; Scriven, Eric F. V.;Singh, Sandeep K.; Barnhardt, E. Keller. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 634.
Aromatic Compounds |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Reactions |
Synthesis
From Justus von Liebig to Charles W. Eliot: The Establishment of Laboratory Work in U.S. High Schools and Colleges  Keith Sheppard and Gail Horowitz
This article describes the role that Justus von Liebig had in popularizing the laboratory method, how he indirectly influenced educational reformer and Harvard president, Charles W. Eliot, and how Eliot brought about widespread dissemination and adoption of the laboratory method in schools and colleges.
Sheppard, Keith; Horowitz, Gail. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 566.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Distance Learning: A Viable Alternative to the Conventional Lecture–Lab Format in General Chemistry  Ruby S. Casanova, Jennifer L. Civelli, Doris R. Kimbrough, Barbara P. Heath, and James H. Reeves
Student performance in two first-semester general chemistry courses are compared to determine whether a distance learning model can provide a comparable learning opportunity to the conventional lecturelaboratory format.
Casanova, Ruby S.; Civelli, Jennifer L.; Kimbrough, Doris R.; Heath, Barbara P.; Reeves, James H. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 501.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Student-Centered Learning
An Improved Flame Test for Qualitative Analysis Using a Multichannel UV–Visible Spectrophotometer  Jonathan P. Blitz, Daniel J. Sheeran, and Thomas L. Becker
Describes the application of a multichannel array spectrometer equipped with a fiber optic probe for the acquisition of emission spectra as a means of performing flame tests for qualitative analysis in the general chemistry laboratory.
Blitz, Jonathan P.; Sheeran, Daniel J.; Becker, Thomas L. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 277.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Qualitative Analysis |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Atomic Spectroscopy
Barium Nitrate  Jay A. Young
The hazards of barium nitrate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 34.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Nanopatterning with Lithography  Christy L. Haynes, Adam D. McFarland, Richard P. Van Duyne, and Hilary A. Godwin
Using a macroscale analogy, students explore the parallel fabrication technique known as nanosphere lithography to create patterns. The representation of the technique uses small nylon spheres as a nanosphere mask and talcum powder as the material deposited through the mask to form desired particle patterns.
Haynes, Christy L.; McFarland, Adam D.; Van Duyne, Richard P.; Godwin, Hilary A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 768A.
Nanotechnology
Authors: Know the Hazards, Please!  Anne K. Bentley, Mohammed Farhoud, Arthur B. Ellis, George C. Lisensky, Anne-Marie L. Nickel, and Wendy C. Crone
The MSDS for commercial Ni plating solution states that the product is regulated as toxic and contains ingredients that are known to cause cancer.
Bentley, Anne K.; Farhoud, Mohammed; Ellis, Arthur B.; Lisensky, George C.; Nickel, Anne-Marie L.; Crone, Wendy C. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1775.
Solutions / Solvents |
Toxicology |
Nanotechnology |
Magnetic Properties
Authors: Know the Hazards, Please!  Jay A. Young
The article Template Synthesis and Magnetic Manipulation of Nickel Nanowires does not identify all of the important potential hazards involved; nickel compounds are known to be human carcinogens, and nickel and its compounds are mutagenic.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1775.
Solutions / Solvents |
Toxicology |
Nanotechnology |
Magnetic Properties
Authors: Know the Hazards, Please!  Jay A. Young
The article Template Synthesis and Magnetic Manipulation of Nickel Nanowires does not identify all of the important potential hazards involved; nickel compounds are known to be human carcinogens, and nickel and its compounds are mutagenic.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1775.
Solutions / Solvents |
Toxicology |
Nanotechnology |
Magnetic Properties
JCE Chemical Laboratory Information Profiles (CLIPs) on CD-ROM. Abstract of JCE CLIPs 2005  Jon L. Holmes
All 106, one-page Chemical Laboratory Information Profiles, published from April 2001 through July 2005, have been collected as PDF files on a single CD-ROM, JCE CLIPs.
Holmes, Jon L. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1744.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Ammonium Thiocyanate  Jay A. Young
The hazards of ammonium thiocyanate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1619.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Ammonium Chloride  Jay A. Young
The hazards of ammonium chloride are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1618.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Ammonium Dichromate  Jay A. Young
The hazards of ammonium dichromate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1617.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Laboratory Experiments on the Electrochemical Remediation of the Environment. Part 7: Microscale Production of Ozone  Jorge G. Ibanez, Rodrigo Mayen-Mondragon, M. T. Moran-Moran, Alejandro Alatorre-Ordaz, Bruce Mattson, and Scot Eskestrand
Ozone, a powerful oxidizing and disinfecting agent, is produced electrochemically in the undergraduate laboratory with simple equipment and under very mild conditions. Tests are given to characterize it, to observe its action in simulated environmental applications, and to measure its rate of production.
Ibanez, Jorge G.; Mayen-Mondragon, Rodrigo; Moran-Moran, M. T.; Alatorre-Ordaz, Alejandro; Mattson, Bruce; Eskestrand, Scot. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1546.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Descriptive Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Reactions
Balloon—Toy of Many Colors  Kathryn R. Williams
Balloon-related articles previously published in JCE describe gas law experiments and demonstrations, large-scale molecular models, demonstrations of reaction rates and stoichiometry, hydrogen-filled balloon explosions, and miscellaneous laboratory uses.
Williams, Kathryn R. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1448.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
VSEPR Theory
Hands-on Classroom Photolithography Laboratory Module To Explore Nanotechnology  Scott J. Stelick, William H. Alger, Jesse S. Laufer, Anna M. Waldron, and Carl A. Batt
Teaching nanotechnology in the high school and undergraduate environment is a challenge given the typical expense of instruments used to create micro- and nano-sized devices. To meet this challenge, a portable optical reduction stepper was designed, fabricated, and optimized for use in classrooms. This unique system was designed to provide a safe, hands-on experience for students to create microscale circuits using photolithography. Students are able to design, fabricate, and test a circuit with dimensions as small as 100 mm.
Stelick, Scott J.; Alger, William H.; Laufer, Jesse S.; Waldron, Anna M.; Batt, Carl A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1361.
Applications of Chemistry |
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Nanotechnology |
Polymerization |
Undergraduate Research
Colors in Liquid Crystals  George Lisensky and Elizabeth Boatman
This activity is suitable for exploring relationships between color, wavelength, reflection, and transmission and illustrates how temperature changes the liquid crystal's Bragg reflection wavelength.
Lisensky, George; Boatman, Elizabeth. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1360A.
Nanotechnology |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Spectroscopy |
Fatty Acids
A Passive Sampler for Determination of Nitrogen Dioxide in Ambient Air  Dan Xiao, Lianzhi Lin, Hongyan Yuan, Martin M. F. Choi, and Winghong Chan
This article describes the use of a passive sampler for detecting and collecting nitrogen dioxide, NO2, in ambient air. This device is based on microporous PTFE membranes that allow air samples to diffuse through and subsequently react with an absorbing reagent solution. The absorbance value of this reagent is proportional to the NO2 concentration in ambient air. It has been successfully applied to determine the NO2 concentrations in various sampling sites.
Xiao, Dan; Lin, Lianzhi; Yuan, Hongyan; Choi, Martin M. F.; Chan, Winghong. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1231.
Calibration |
Membranes |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds |
Coordination Compounds |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nonmajor Courses |
Quantitative Analysis
Some Insights Regarding a Popular Introductory Gas Law Experiment  Ed DePierro and Fred Garafalo
This paper alerts readers to a potential source of error in one approach to the Dumas method as it is often practiced in introductory chemistry laboratories. The room-temperature vapor pressures of volatile compounds that might be considered as unknowns for the experiment lead to determined molar masses that are too low. The greater the vapor pressure of the compound, the lower the determined molar mass will be, when compared to the accepted value.
DePierro, Ed; Garafalo, Fred. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1194.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
Investigating the Photoelectric Effect Using LEDs and a Modular Spectroscope  Lucia Diaz and Charles A. Smith
With a modular spectroscope, students can monitor the effect of adjusting individually the position and orientation of the light source, grating, and slits. Investigating the position of the individual components dramatically illustrates the advantages of using long monochromators in conjunction with narrow slit widths in maximum-resolution spectroscopy. Once students fully understand the operation of the modular spectroscope, they calibrate it using a light source with a known spectrum. A circuit board containing colored light-emitting diodes (i.e., LEDs) is then used to measure a value for Plancks constant through a photoelectric-effect-type equation.
Diaz, Lucia; Smith, Charles A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 906.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis |
Spectroscopy
A LED Microtiter Plate Reader  James Gordon and Sandra Tye
An inexpensive photometric detector system was designed for use with a 96-well microtiter plate. The absorbance of solutions in the wells was measured by using a light-emitting diode as the light source and a Vernier LabPro data-collection interface with a light sensor as the detector. The feasibility of the system was demonstrated with a linear absorbance versus concentration calibration curve constructed from solutions of yellow food coloring.
Gordon, James; Tye, Sandra. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 903.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Biophysical Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments
Teaching pH Measurements with a Student-Assembled Combination Quinhydrone Electrode  Fritz Scholz, Tim Steinhardt, Heike Kahlert, Jens R. Pörksen, and Jürgen Behnert
A combination pH electrode that can be assembled by the student is described. It consists of a glass holder and two sensors in the form of rubber stoppers that contain quinhydrone and graphite. The combination electrode is suitable to teach potentiometric measurements, pH measurements, and the interplay of acidbase and redox equilibria. The electrode meets highest safety standards and overcomes the troubles associated with the use of the conventional quinhydrone electrode.
Scholz, Fritz; Steinhardt, Tim; Kahlert, Heike; Pörksen, Jens R.; Behnert, Jürgen. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 782.
Acids / Bases |
pH |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
Communicating Science to the Public through a University–Museum Partnership  Amy C. Payne, Wendy A. deProphetis, Arthur B. Ellis, Thomas G. Derenne, Greta M. Zenner, and Wendy C. Crone
An innovative National Science Foundation-supported program at the University of WisconsinMadison called Internships in Public Science Education (IPSE) enables graduate and undergraduate interns to communicate science concepts to pre-college and museum audiences through a universitymuseum collaboration. Interns work with researchers from the UW Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC), science museum personnel from Discovery World in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and local K12 educators to expand their knowledge of advanced materials and nanotechnology while developing exciting grade-appropriate activities for classroom and museum settings.
Payne, Amy C.; deProphetis, Wendy A.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Derenne, Thomas G.; Zenner, Greta M.; Crone, Wendy C. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 743.
Nanotechnology
Physical Chemistry at the Nanometer Scale  K. W. Hipps
An overview is provided of the Petroleum Research Fund sponsored summer school, "Physical Chemistry at the Nanometer Scale." Several articles resulting from the school (and printed in this issue) are introduced and placed in perspective from the standpoint of how they might be used in the undergraduate curriculum.
Hipps, K. W. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 693.
Materials Science |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science
Weighing Paper Substitute  Ben Ruekberg
Patty paper sheets are suggested as a low-cost replacement for weighing paper.
Ruekberg, Ben. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 620.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
The Match Game: A Discovery of the Laboratory Equipment Used in General Chemistry  Stacey L. Greengold
A game that is simple to prepare and execute is described in this article. The Match Game allows students to learn the names and uses of common laboratory equipment that they will encounter during their year in high school chemistry. After the activity, a student-based discussion is led by the teacher, which includes the proper and safe usage of all equipment presented.
Greengold, Stacey L. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 547.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Cadmium  Jay A. Young
The hazards of cadmium are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 521.
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Lithium  Jay A. Young
The hazards of lithium are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 520.
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Supramolecular Approach to Medicinal Chemistry: Medicine Beyond the Molecule  David K. Smith
This article emphasizes a conceptual view of medicinal chemistry, which has important implications for the future, as the supramolecular approach to medicinal-chemistry products outlined here is rapidly allowing nanotechnology to converge with medicine. In particular, this article discusses recent developments including the rational design of drugs such as Relenza and Tamiflu, the mode of action of vancomycin, and the mechanism by which bacteria develop resistance, drug delivery using cyclodextrins, and the importance of supramolecular chemistry in understanding protein aggregation diseases such as Alzheimer's and CreutzfieldJacob.
Smith, David K. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 393.
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Medicinal Chemistry |
Nanotechnology |
Proteins / Peptides
Heat and Temperature Conductivity of Baths. Author Reply  Erik Joling
I appreciate the suggestions made by Bruno Lunelli to improve the usefulness of the microscale heater we described. However, for use in secondary schools sand works fine. In spite of the better properties I would not recommend the use of silicone oil with relatively inexperienced 16-year-old pupils since it can be a bit messy. But that is an argument of classroom management, not of chemistry.
Joling, Erik. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 381.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Microscale Lab
Heat and Temperature Conductivity of Baths  Bruno Lunelli
Joling et al. described a convenient microscale heater in their article, A Low-Cost and Timesaving Microscale Heater. Having had the same problem several years ago, initially I adopted substantially the same solution they proposed. But soon it became apparent that the generic sand bath did not provide a satisfactory thermal contact in terms of both heat transfer and temperature uniformity and control.
Lunelli, Bruno. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 380.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Microscale Lab
Copper(II) Nitrate Trihydrate  Jay A. Young
The hazards of copper(II) nitrate trihydrate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 375.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Small-Scale Low-Cost Gas Chromatograph   Natasa Gros and Margareta Vrtacnik
A small-scale low-cost portable gas chromatograph (the total cost of the instrument is approximately $65) was developed that is suitable for hands-on learning and teaching of the basic concepts of chromatography. The portability and miniaturization were ensured by the application of a small propane/butane cylinder to supply the carrier gas and by the use of optic fibers for light transmission to the electronic unit with a photoresistor as a sensor. The instrument proved that the measurements are sufficiently detailed and reliable for the basic chromatographic concepts to be introduced through a hands-on approach.
Gros, Natasa ; Vrtacnik, Margareta. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 291.
Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gas Chromatography
Mercury Thermometer Replacements in Chemistry Laboratories   Barbara L. Foster
Every undergraduate student in a chemistry laboratory must use a thermometer at some point during his or her chemistry laboratory experience. The mercury-in-glass thermometers that are typically used in chemistry laboratories are easily broken. The resulting spilled mercury can easily become trapped under the laboratory benches and in the flooring material in the laboratory, exposing students and laboratory personnel to hazardous levels of mercury.
Foster, Barbara L. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 269.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Hydrogen Sulfide  Jay A. Young
The hazards of hydrogen sulfide are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 202.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Catechol  Jay A. Young
The hazards of catechol are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 31.
Alcohols |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Color My Nanoworld  Adam D. McFarland, Christy L. Haynes, Chad A. Mirkin, Richard P. Van Duyne, and Hilary A. Godwin
This activity begins with the synthesis of 13 nm-diameter gold nanoparticles by reduction of a gold salt. The students use the resulting nanoparticle solution to explore the size-dependent optical properties of gold nanoparticles.
McFarland, Adam D.; Haynes, Christy L.; Mirkin, Chad A.; Van Duyne, Richard P.; Godwin, Hilary A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 544A.
Colloids |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Metals
A Laser-Pointer-Based Spectrometer for Endpoint Detection of EDTA Titrations  Christopher E. Dahm, James W. Hall, and Brian E. Mattioni
A simple laser-pointer-based spectrometer has been developed for endpoint detection of EDTA titrations of magnesium and calcium. This spectrometer was built to decrease the uncertainty in determining the endpoint of titrations performed with a Calmagite indicator. With a photoresistor as the detector, and with the aid of a voltage-divider circuit, the quantity of light being absorbed can be followed with a simple pHvoltmeter. Students determine the endpoint by graphing the data and applying simple mathematics. BeerLambert studies with the spectrometer also show excellent agreement for a given set of solutions.
Dahm, Christopher E.; Hall, James W.; Mattioni, Brian E. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1787.
Dyes / Pigments |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Lasers |
Spectroscopy |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Gravimetric Titrations: In Support of Weight Titration Techniques  Richard W. Ramette
I write in support of the recommendations of Stephen Hawkes on gravimetric titrations. Weight titration techniques are, in my opinion, by far the best way to bring volumetric analysis into the 20th (let alone 21st) century.
Ramette, Richard W. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1715.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Gravimetric Titrations: Save Time, Expense, and Error by Using Weight Burets  Stephen J. Hawkes
Two papers have shown the superiority of a cheap plastic squeeze bottle used as a weight buret over an expensive volumetric buret. These papers were published at a time, now past, when precise weighing was inconvenient.
Hawkes, Stephen J. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1715.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Iron(III) Chloride  Jay A. Young
The hazards of iron(III) chloride are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1710.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Lead(II) Nitrate  Jay A. Young
The hazards of lead(II) nitrate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1709.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Lead(II) Chromate  Jay A. Young
The hazards of lead(II) chromate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1708.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Measuring Viscoelastic Deformation with an Optical Mouse  T. W. Ng
A simple demonstration of viscoelasticity can be carried out by attaching a weight to a polymer film and watching it extend over time. For accurate and quantifiable data on the deformation, an electronic displacement sensor should be incorporated. Most of such sensors are expensive. Here, an optical mouse was demonstrated to provide accurate data at low cost. The experiment was also devised in a manner to allow students to learn about viscoelastic deformation experientially.
Ng, T. W. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1628.
Consumer Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Materials Science
Potassium Aluminum Sulfate 12 Hydrate  Jay A. Young
The hazards of potassium aluminum sulfate 12 hydrate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1563.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Tin  Jay A. Young
The hazards of tin are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1562.
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Low-Cost "Vacuum Desiccator"  Frederick Sweet
Described are individualized, low-cost, and safe desiccators that can be efficiently and rapidly made with an inexpensive kitchen aid sold for shrink-wrapping food. The device can be used for enclosing small vials or bottles and also jars that are too large to be placed in conventional glass or plastic desiccators. This shrink-wrapping device is proposed for producing "vacuum desiccators" in large undergraduate chemistry laboratories or in graduate and research laboratories.
Sweet, Frederick. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1500.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Use of a Tea Infuser To Submerge Low-Density Dry Ice  Carl P. Fictorie
A tea infuser is used as a container to hold low-density dry ice. When used with the classic demonstration where dry ice is used to acidify a solution in a graduated cylinder, the dry ice is suspended in the middle of the cylinder, allowing the solution in the upper half of the cylinder to change color while the lower half remains unchanged. Phase changes, acidbase chemistry, and diffusion phenomena are all illustrated.
Fictorie, Carl P. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1473.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
An Alternative Thermochemical Container   Robert G. Silberman
Dean Campbell suggests a clever, readily available, and simple alternative to the calorimeters described in my article. I tried his suggestion and egg cartons work well with the appropriate scale up of materials. The only advantage I see to the calorimeter I described is somewhat greater durability and need for smaller amounts of chemicals.
Silberman, Robert G. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1421.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
An Alternative Thermochemical Container  Dean J. Campbell
I was intrigued with the JCE Classroom Activity: #59 "Some Like It Hot, Some Like It Cold." I think that a polystyrene foam egg carton (or even multiple nested cartons) would be an adequate container for mixing the solutions and performing thermochemical measurements.
Campbell, Dean J. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1421.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
Carbon Tetrachloride  Jay A. Young
The hazards of carbon tetrachloride are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1416.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Dichloromethane  Jay A. Young
The hazards of dichloromethane are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1415.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Ethyl Alcohol  Jay A. Young
The hazards of ethyl alcohol are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1414.
Laboratory Management |
Alcohols |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Sink Inserts for Flood Prevention  Fraser F. Fleming, Daniel J. Bodnar, and David L. Hardesty
A simple, inexpensive insert is described for preventing flooding in lab sinks. The insert is essentially a tube with slots cut into the side that fits snugly into the drain outlet, preventing water buildup and providing additional drainage sites to avoid constriction by small lab items and paper towels.
Fleming, Fraser F.; Bodnar, Daniel J.; Hardesty, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1344.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Water / Water Chemistry
A Simple, Inexpensive Water-Jacketed Cuvette for the Spectronic 20  Jonathan E. Thompson and Jason Ting
A simple, inexpensive, water-jacketed cuvette for the Spectronic 20 is described. The cuvette and associated flow system can easily be constructed from materials commonly found in an undergraduate chemistry laboratory. As a demonstration of the cuvette's utility, we used the cuvette for the determination of the activation energy for the reaction between crystal violet and hydroxide ion. However, the cuvette may prove useful in a variety of applications in which a sample must be thermostated within a spectrophotometer.
Thompson, Jonathan E.; Ting, Jason. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1341.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Kinetics |
Spectroscopy
Construction of a Small-Scale and Low-Cost Gas Apparatus  Lise Kvittingen and Richard Verley
This article describes how to construct an apparatus for gas production from disposable polyethene pipets and polypropene microcentrifuge tubes. Heat is used to form the plastics into appropriate shapes. A stand from floral wire is also presented. The assembly has an open interface and is possible to modify. This construction suits various grades and curricula and can easily be integrated into different topics.
Kvittingen, Lise; Verley, Richard. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1339.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Gases
A Small-Scale and Low-Cost Apparatus for the Electrolysis of Water  Per-Odd Eggen and Lise Kvittingen
This article describes how to construct two simple, inexpensive, and illustrative apparatuses using disposable polyethene pipets and floral wire for electrolysis of water. These apparatuses suit various grades and curricula.
Eggen, Per-Odd; Kvittingen, Lise. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1337.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Electrochemistry
Mercury(II) Chloride  Jay A. Young
The hazards of mercury(II) chloride are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1260.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Silver Nitrate  Jay A. Young
The hazards of silver nitrate are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1259.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Titanium(IV) Oxide  Jay A. Young
The hazards of titanium(IV) oxide are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1115.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Lead Dioxide  Jay A. Young
The hazards of lead dioxide are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1114.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Yellow Phosphorus  Jay A. Young
The hazards of yellow phosphorus are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 946.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Red Phosphorus  Jay A. Young
The hazards of red phosphorus are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 945.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Simple, No-Cost Rack for Holding Small Tubes in a Constant Temperature Bath  Kathryn R. Williams
A floating support for small tubes is made by boring holes into a thin piece of styrofoam packing material.
Williams, Kathryn R. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 846.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab
Deionized Water Watchdog  Gregory J. Edens
A solution is presented for the problem of filling a storage carboy with deionized water without the need for annoying reminders to close the faucet valve.
Edens, Gregory J. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 841.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Naphthalene  Jay A. Young
The hazards of naphthalene are discussed.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 795.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Quantitative Assay for Starch by Colorimetry Using a Desktop Scanner  Kurt R. Mathews, James D. Landmark, and Douglas F. Stickle
Here we describe a procedure to produce a standard curve for quantification of starch concentration using colorimetry.
Mathews, Kurt R.; Landmark, James D.; Stickle, Douglas F. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 702.
Separation Science |
Quantitative Analysis |
Carbohydrates |
Food Science |
Natural Products |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Convenient Storage Rack for Graduated Cylinders  Brian Love
The design of a storage rack for graduated cylinders is described. The rack offers the advantage of being able to store large quantities of graduated cylinders in a small space, while at the same time organizing them according to size.
Love, Brian. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 701.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inorganic Fullerenes, Onions, and Tubes  Andrew P. E. York
Proposed applications for the inorganic fullerenes include electronic devices and storage media, probes and electron microscope tips, and nano-ball bearings and high temperature lubricants.
York, Andrew P. E. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 673.
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Solid State Chemistry
N,N-Dimethylformamide  Jay A. Young
The hazards of N,N-dimethylformamide are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 632.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Chloroacetic acid  Jay A. Young
The hazards of chloroacetic acid are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 631.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Methyl Ethyl Ketone  Jay A. Young
The hazards of methyl ethyl ketone are described.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 630.
Laboratory Management |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
"We Actually Saw Atoms with Our Own Eyes". Conceptions and Convictions in Using the Scanning Tunneling Microscope in Junior High School  Hannah Margel, Bat-Sheva Eylon, and Zahava Scherz
The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the feasibility and potential contribution of using the STM as a learning tool in junior high school (JHS) to support instruction about the particulate nature of matter.
Margel, Hannah; Eylon, Bat-Sheva; Scherz, Zahava. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 558.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science |
Learning Theories |
Student-Centered Learning |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Calcium  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for calcium.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 479.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Silver  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for silver.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 478.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Metals |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Modular Laser Apparatus for Polarimetry, Nephelometry, and Fluorimetry in General Chemistry  Scott A. Darveau, Jessica Mueller, April Vaverka, Cheri Barta, Anthony Fitch, Jessica Jurzenski, and Yvonne Gindt
We present an apparatus suitable for multiple uses in the general chemistry laboratory including polarimetry, fluorescence, and nephelometry. The open design of the instrument also decreases the chance that students will contract the "black-box syndrome" that seems to develop when using instruments that only provide the final data in an experiment without showing how the measurements are obtained.
Darveau, Scott A.; Mueller, Jessica; Vaverka, April; Barta, Cheri; Fitch, Anthony; Jurzenski, Jessica; Gindt, Yvonne. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 401.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Kinetics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Lasers |
Spectroscopy |
Proteins / Peptides |
Water / Water Chemistry
Aluminum Chloride  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for aluminum chloride.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 331.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Sodium Iodide  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium iodide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 330.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Aluminum Sulfate 18 Hydrate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for aluminum sulfate 18 hydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 187.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Chlorine  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for chlorine.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 186.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Low-Voltage Conductivity Device. Editor's Note about Using Conductivity Devices in Nonaqueous Solutions  Ed Vitz and Melissa Kistler
A conductivity demonstration device is described which operates on 12V and yet will illuminate a bulb brightly enough for use in a lecture hall, even when used with solutions of low conductivity.
Vitz, Ed; Kistler, Melissa. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 63.
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Stearic Acid  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for stearic acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 25.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Carboxylic Acids |
Acids / Bases |
Physical Properties
Triethanolamine  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for triethanolamine.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 24.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds |
Physical Properties |
Alcohols
Lead Acetate Trihydrate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for lead acetate trihydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1374.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Mercury(II) Nitrate Monohydrate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for mercury(I) nitrate monohydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1373.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Comparing the Titrations of Mixed-Acid Solutions Using Dropwise and Constant-Flow Techniques   Paul Charlesworth, Matthew J. Seguin, and David J. Chesney
Real-time titration techniques are found to result in significantly decreased analysis times while maintaining a low experimental error.
Charlesworth, Paul; Seguin, Matthew J.; Chesney, David J. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1311.
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Quantitative Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Palm-Based Data Acquisition Solutions for the Undergraduate Chemistry Laboratory  Susan Hudgins, Yu Qin, Eric Bakker, and Curtis Shannon
Handheld computers provide a compact and cost-effective means to log data in the undergraduate chemistry laboratory. Handheld computers have the ability to record multiple forms of data, be programmed for specific projects, and later have data transferred to a personal computer for manipulation and analysis.
Hudgins, Susan; Qin, Yu; Bakker, Eric; Shannon, Curtis. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1303.
Acids / Bases |
Electrochemistry |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Sodium Dichromate Dihydrate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium dichromate dihydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1251.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium hydrogen carbonate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1250.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Manual Microscale Column Chromatography Pressurization Apparatus  Bruce W. Baldwin
Pressurization of a Pasteur pipet for microscale chromatography is simplified by connecting a 20- or 30-mL syringe to the pipet using a length of Tygon tubing. This simple system allows the student to easily dry-pack a column using common chromatography packing materials.
Baldwin, Bruce W. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1182.
Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science |
Microscale Lab
Nitrogen, Liquid  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for liquid nitrogen.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1133.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Hydrogen Peroxide, 3%  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for 3% hydrogen peroxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1132.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Potassium Cyanide  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium cyanide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 998.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Sodium Cyanide  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium cyanide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 997.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties
Potassium Dichromate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium dichromate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 874.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Potassium Permanganate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for potassium permanganate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 873.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Acrylonitrile  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for acrylonitrile.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 737.
Descriptive Chemistry |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Diethyl Phthalate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for diethyl phthalate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 736.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Carbon Disulfide  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for carbon disulfide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 735.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Antimony(III) Chloride  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for antimony(III) chloride.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 611.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Cobalt(II) Chloride Hexahydrate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 610.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Isopropyl Ether  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for isopropyl ether.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 609.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Challenges at the Molecular Frontier  John W. Moore
Discussion of report "Beyond the Molecular Frontier: Challenges for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering", regarding new frontiers in chemistry, the importance of helping the public and students to better understand the contributions of chemistry, and attracting the best students to the field.
Moore, John W. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 591.
Biotechnology |
Consumer Chemistry |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Administrative Issues
Canola Oil  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for canola oil.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 481.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Citric Acid  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for citric acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 480.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Incorporating Scanning Probe Microscopy into the Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum  David W. Lehmpuhl
Project at Colorado State University - Pueblo, to incorporate scanning probe microscopy into the undergraduate curriculum through demonstrations, a hands-on instrumental analysis experiment, and undergraduate research projects.
Lehmpuhl, David W. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 478.
Instrumental Methods |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science |
Undergraduate Research
Graphite  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for graphite.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 379.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Calcium Carbide  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for calcium carbide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 378.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Stoichiometry of the Reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid  Venkat Chebolu and Barbara C. Storandt
Using a pressure sensor to measure the production of hydrogen by a reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Chebolu, Venkat; Storandt, Barbara C. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 305.
Stoichiometry |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Reactions
Using Ice-Cooled Condensers in Chemistry Laboratory  Sally Solomon, Bryan Brook, Susan Rutkowsky, and Joseph Bennet
Using ice-cooled condensers in the chemistry laboratory; includes two simple experimental applications.
Solomon, Sally; Brook, Bryan; Rutkowsky, Susan; Bennet, Joseph. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 299.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Management |
Separation Science |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Chromium(VI) Oxide, CrO3  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for chromium(VI) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 259.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Aluminum Oxide, Al2O3  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for aluminum oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 258.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Copper(I) Oxide, Cu2O  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for copper(I) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 257.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Novel Microscale Gas Generator  Jinhua Wang, Zaisheng Lu, and Changcun Zhao
Design of a microscale gas generator.
Wang, Jinhua; Lu, Zaisheng; Zhao, Changcun. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 181.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab
Iron(II) Sulfate Heptahydrate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 141.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Zirconium(IV) Oxide  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for zirconium(IV) oxide.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 140.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
CLIP: Glycerol  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for glycerol.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 25.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
CLIP: Ammonia, aqueous  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for ammonia.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 24.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Sodium Nitrate  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for sodium nitrate.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1414.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Nitric Acid (approx. 70%)  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for nitric acid.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1413.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management |
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Chemistry Comes Alive!, Volume 6
Abstract of Special Issue 30, a CD-ROM of Laboratory Techniques  Jerrold J. Jacobsen, John W. Moore, John F. Zimmerman, and Lois M. Browne
Summary of Chemistry Comes Alive! Volume 6 focussing on laboratory techniques; includes manipulating and transferring samples, measuring, separating and purifying, safety, and quantitative techniques in volumetric analysis.
Jacobsen, Jerrold J.; Moore, John W.; Zimmerman, John F.; Browne, Lois M. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1381.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Instrumental Methods |
Quantitative Analysis
A Low-Cost and Timesaving Microscale Heater  Erik Joling, Martin J. Goedhart, Bregje van den Berg, and Trienke M. van der Spek
A low-cost, fast acting, microscale heater using a soldering iron to replace expensive hot plates.
Joling, Erik; Goedhart, Martin J.; van den Berg, Bregje; van der Spek, Trienke M. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1109.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Management
Semiconductor Nanocrystals: A Powerful Visual Aid for Introducing the Particle in a Box  Tadd Kippeny, Laura A. Swafford, and Sandra J. Rosenthal
Using semiconductor nanocrystals as a means for connecting lecture content in quantum mechanics, inorganic, and general chemistry to real-world technological problems.
Kippeny, Tadd; Swafford, Laura A.; Rosenthal, Sandra J. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1094.
Quantum Chemistry |
Nanotechnology |
Solid State Chemistry |
Crystal Field / Ligand Field Theory |
Applications of Chemistry
Another Hazard  Marcio C. S. de Mattos and David E. Nicodem
Minimizing risks to distilling ether.
de Mattos, Marcio C. S.; Nicodem, David E. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1070.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Another Hazard  Jean B. Umland
Risks to distilling ether.
Umland, Jean B. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1070.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Color Changes in Indicator Solutions  Addison Ault
Risks to distilling ether.
Ault, Addison. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1070.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
"Real-Time" Chemistry and Chemical Education  Arthur B. Ellis
Thoughts from the new director of the Chemistry Division of the National Science Foundation; focus of NSF supported projects and encouragement to submit proposals.
Ellis, Arthur B. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1034.
Undergraduate Research |
Nanotechnology
A Film Canister Colorimeter  James Gordon, Alan James, Stephanie Harman, and Kristen Weiss
Constructing a low-cost, low-tech colorimeter that illustrates all of a colorimeter's elementary components and a fundamental application of spectroscopy (determining the unknown concentration of a solution).
Gordon, James; James, Alan; Harman, Stephanie; Weiss, Kristen. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1005.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Simple Measurement of Magnetic Susceptibility with a Small Permanent Magnet and a Top-Loading Electronic Balance  Yoshinori Itami and Kozo Sone
Measuring magnetic susceptibility of solid transition metal salts using a simple, inexpensive, and easy-to-handle device.
Itami, Yoshinori; Sone, Kozo. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1002.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Magnetic Properties |
Transition Elements |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Metals
Application of Datalogger in Observing Photosynthesis  Martin M. F. Choi, Pui Shan Wong, and Tak Pong Yiu
Using a datalogger and dissolved-oxygen sensor to monitor the liberation of dissolved oxygen in the photosynthesis of seaweed.
Choi, Martin M. F.; Wong, Pui Shan; Yiu, Tak Pong. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 980.
Plant Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing
Precision in Microscale Titration  Mono M. Singh, Cynthia B. McGowan, and Zvi Szafran
Comparing the precision of a 2-mL graduated pipet and 50-mL graduated buret in performing a microscale titration.
Singh, Mono M.; McGowan, Cynthia B.; Szafran, Zvi. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 941.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Chemometrics |
Microscale Lab |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Precision in Microscale Titration  Julian L. Roberts Jr.
Comparing the precision of a 2-mL graduated pipet and 50-mL graduated buret in performing a microscale titration.
Roberts, Julian L., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 941.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Chemometrics |
Microscale Lab |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Precision in Microscale Titration  Julian L. Roberts Jr.
Comparing the precision of a 2-mL graduated pipet and 50-mL graduated buret in performing a microscale titration.
Roberts, Julian L., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 941.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Chemometrics |
Microscale Lab |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
A Direct Methanol Fuel Cell  Orfeo Zerbinati
Materials and methods for construction of a direct methanol fuel cell.
Zerbinati, Orfeo. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 829.
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials
Tethering Bottle Caps  Ben Ruekberg
Method to prevent mixing reagent bottle caps.
Ruekberg, Ben. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 499.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Weigh This Way  Judith M. Bonicamp
Weighing samples by using the tare function on an electronic balance.
Bonicamp, Judith M. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 476.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis
Magnetic Stirring with the Stirring Bar Length Exceeding the Vessel Diameter  Kirk W. Payne, James M. Lucas, and Edmund J. Eisenbraun
Suggestions for effectively using magnetic stirring bars in test tubes.
Payne, Kirk W.; Lucas, James M.; Eisenbraun, Edmund J. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 217.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Magnetic Properties |
Solutions / Solvents
Spontaneous Assembly of Soda Straws  D. J. Campbell, E. R. Freidinger, J. M. Hastings, and M. K. Querns
Demonstrating spontaneous assembly using soda straws.
Campbell, D. J.; Freidinger, E. R.; Hastings, J. M.; Querns, M. K. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 201.
Materials Science |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science |
Thermodynamics
Cigarette Smoke Analysis Using an Inexpensive Gas-Phase IR Cell  N. Garizi, A. Macias, T. Furch, R. Fan, P. Wagenknecht, and K. A. Singmaster
A PVC gas cell used to collect and analyze cigarette smoke and car exhaust through IR spectroscopy.
Garizi, N.; Macias, A.; Furch, T.; Fan, R.; Wagenknecht, P.; Singmaster, K. A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1665.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
IR Spectroscopy |
Fourier Transform Techniques |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Qualitative Analysis
LEDs Are Diodes  George C. Lisensky, S. Michael Condren, Cynthia G. Widstrand, Jonathan Breitzer, and Arthur B. Ellis
Comparison of incandescent bulbs with LEDs powered by AC and DC voltages; shows that LEDs are diodes and illustrates the relative energies of different wavelengths of light.
Lisensky, George C.; Condren, S. Michael; Widstrand, Cynthia G.; Breitzer, Jonathan; Ellis, Arthur B. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1664A.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Solid State Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
The Use of an Inexpensive Laser Pointer to Perform Qualitative and Semiquantitative Laser Refractometry  Amarílis de Vicente Finageiv Neder, Edgardo García, and Leonardo N. Viana
A simple, low-cost refractometry experiment designed for inexperienced students or use as a demonstration to estimate the refractive index of various liquids.
Neder, Amarílis de Vicente Finageiv; García, Edgardo; Viana, Leonardo N. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1481.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Lasers |
Spectroscopy |
Liquids |
Qualitative Analysis |
Physical Properties
A Liquid Prism for Refractive Index Studies  Michael D. Edmiston
Easy fabrication of a hollow glass prism and application involving measuring the sugar content of soft drinks.
Edmiston, Michael D. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1479.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Lasers |
Spectroscopy |
Quantitative Analysis
Experiencing and Visualizing the First Law of Thermodynamics: An In-Class Workshop  Pamela Mills, William V. Sweeney, and Waldemar Cieniewicz
A handheld device that illustrates the concepts of heat, work, energy transfer, and thermodynamic path.
Mills, Pamela; Sweeney, William V.; Cieniewicz, Waldemar. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1360.
Gases |
Thermodynamics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing
A Modification of a Lactase Experiment by Use of Commercial Test Strips  Tammy J. Melton
Using urinalysis test strips to detect the presence of glucose.
Melton, Tammy J. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1243.
Carbohydrates |
Catalysis |
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Enzymes |
Nonmajor Courses |
Qualitative Analysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Thin-Layer Electrophoresis  Tom Lyons Fisher, Tara Leslie Fitzsimmons, and I. David Reingold
Thin-layer electrophoresis apparatus.
Fisher, Tom Lyons; Fitzsimmons, Tara Leslie; Reingold, I. David. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1241.
Amino Acids |
Electrophoresis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science
The Influence of Modern Instrumentation on the Analytical and General Chemistry Curriculum at Bates College  Thomas J. Wenzel
Incorporation of modern instrumentation into analytical and general chemistry curricula.
Wenzel, Thomas J. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1164.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The Isothermal Heat Conduction Calorimeter: A Versatile Instrument for Studying Processes in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology  Lars Wadsö, Allan L. Smith, Hamid Shirazi, S. Rose Mulligan, and Thomas Hofelich
A simple but sensitive isothermal heat-conduction calorimeter and five experiments for students to illustrate its use (heat capacity of solids, acid-base titration, enthalpy of vaporization of solvents, cement hydration, and insect metabolism).
Wadsö, Lars; Smith, Allan L.; Shirazi, Hamid; Mulligan, S. Rose; Hofelich, Thomas. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1080.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Thermal Analysis |
Thermodynamics
LEDs: New Lamps for Old and a Paradigm for Ongoing Curriculum Modernization  S. Michael Condren, George C. Lisensky, Arthur B. Ellis, Karen J. Nordell, Thomas F. Kuech, and Steve Stockman
Summary of the key points of a white paper on LEDs as potential replacements for a significant fraction of vehicle, display, home, and workplace lighting, with substantial safety and environmental conserving benefits.
Condren, S. Michael; Lisensky, George C.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Nordell, Karen J.; Kuech, Thomas F.; Stockman, Steve. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1033.
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology |
Semiconductors |
Solid State Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
A Simple Computer-Interfaced Calorimeter: Application to the Determination of the Heat of Formation of Magnesium Oxide  Sze-Shun Wong, Natasha D. Popovich, and Shelley J. Coldiron
Design, construction, and laboratory instructional application of a simple computer-controlled, constant-pressure calorimeter.
Wong, Sze-Shun; Popovich, Natasha D.; Coldiron, Shelley J. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 798.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Instrumental Methods |
Thermodynamics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Small-Scale Filtration Using a Modified Plastic Syringe  Mikael Begtrup
A simple procedure is described for manual, small-scale pressure filtration performed in a modified plastic syringe.
Begtrup, Mikael. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 543.
Synthesis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Separation Science
Application of Light Emitting Diodes to Chemical Analysis: Determination of Copper in Water  Juan D. Mozo, Manuel Galán, and Emilio Roldán
In this paper a photometer based on a light emitting diode is described. The light source is a 5-mm LED, which can be replaced in order to select the emission wavelength. A fiber optic is used to conduct light from the LED to the sample, and an inexpensive solid-state light-to-voltage optical sensor is used as a detector. Using a yellow LED (peak emission = 595 nm), copper(II) in the mg/L range can be accurately analyzed.
Mozo, Juan D.; Galán, Manuel; Roldán, Emilio. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 355.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Metals |
Quantitative Analysis |
Undergraduate Research
An Alternative to Mercury Thermometers  Alexander Nezlin
This brief laboratory safety note describes a simple and inexpensive way to protect a metallic thermometer probe, thus allowing employment of digital thermometers and or digital temperature controllers in aggressive media.
Nezlin, Alexander. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 342.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Ultramicro-Boiling-Point Determination--A Modification  Henry Brouwer
The determination of microscale boiling points in a melting-point tube may be simplified by replacing the micro-bell bubbler with an ultrathin capillary tube bubbler.
Brouwer, Henry. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1480.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
A Ten-Dollar Stirring Device for the Microscale Laboratory  Jeffrey John Willemsen
An easy-to-build, inexpensive stirring device, powered by compressed air and assembled from parts that are readily available, is described.
Willemsen, Jeffrey John. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1476.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
In Praise of Latex Gloves  Francisco J. Arnáiz
Latex gloves, and in general flexible gloves, are inexpensive ubiquitous items whose utility in chemistry labs goes far beyond their primary mission. Here we mention some typical situations in which latex gloves can aid in overcoming difficulties that might arise in common labs.
Arnáiz, Francisco J. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1354.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Teflon Tape--The Leaky Buret Remedy  Brett C. Boshco and John J. Griffin
As a remedy for buret leaks caused by an improper tip-to-stopcock fit, Teflon tape should be wrapped tightly around the glass tip before its insertion into the stopcock. This tape will fill voids as the glass tip is pushed up while twisting into the stopcock, providing the seal needed where silicone grease failed.
Boshco, Brett C.; Griffin, John J. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1342.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Laboratory Design, Construction and Renovation: Participants, Process, and Product
by the Committee on Design, Construction, and Renovation of Laboratory Facilities

  Jeffrey Kovac
Addresses all the major issues in any laboratory construction project, human, process, and technical, and provides a thorough overview of the entire process.
Kovac, Jeffrey D. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1126.
Administrative Issues |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management

Interactive Nano-Visualization of Materials over the Internet  Eddie W. Ong, Anshuman Razdan, Antonio A. Garcia, Vincent Pizziconi, B. L. Ramakrishna, and William S. Glaunsinger
By employing a direct visual approach to learning, the Interactive Nano-Visualization in Science and Engineering Education (IN-VSEE) project endeavors to remove many of the conventional barriers that hinder effective teaching and learning by empowering learners with Internet access to revolutionary scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) that can image materials at resolutions down to the atomic scale.
Ong, Eddie W.; Razdan, Anshuman; Garcia, Antonio A.; Pizziconi, Vincent; Ramakrishna, B. L.; Glaunsinger, William S. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1114.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Materials Science |
Nanotechnology
A Comparative Study of Microscale and Standard Burets  Mono M. Singh, Cynthia B. McGowan, Zvi Szafran, and R. M. Pike
This paper describes a comparative study of the performance of microscale titrations using 2-mL microscale burets with those using Beral pipets and normal 50- and 10-mL burets. The usefulness of a microburet in general and analytical chemistry is demonstrated by presenting results from acid-base, oxidation-reduction, precipitation, complexometric, and pH titrations.
Singh, Mono M.; McGowan, Cynthia B.; Szafran, Zvi; Pike, Ronald M. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 625.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Quantitative Analysis |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
pH |
Precipitation / Solubility
Fire, Water, and Soot--A Cautionary Tale  Stanley H. Pine
A fire in an organic chemistry laboratory caused serious damage to a large part of the Chemistry and Biochemistry area. The fire is believed to have been caused by a buildup of flammable vapors that were ignited by a drying oven. Hot weather, poor air circulation, and ductless fume hoods may have contributed to conditions favorable to initiating the fire.
Pine, Stanley H. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 547.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An Inexpensive Convenient Press for KBr and CsI Pellets in Infrared Studies  Chris Kalberg and Paul J. Ogren
Directions are provided for the fabrication of an inexpensive IR salt pellet press that may be used easily and quickly by beginning chemistry students.
Kalberg, Chris; Ogren, Paul J. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 391.
IR Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Simple Laboratory-Constructed Automatic Titrator  Kurt L. Headrick, Terry K. Davies, and Aaron N. Haegele
The construction of a simple automatic titrator is described. The buret is replaced with a metering pump to provide a constant flow of titrant. The output from the pH meter is sent to a recorder via a laboratory- constructed differentiator, allowing the results to be plotted as potential versus time, first or second derivative
Headrick, Kurt L.; Davies, Terry K.; Haegele, Aaron N. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 389.
Instrumental Methods |
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
An Inexpensive Commercially Available Analog-to-Digital Converter  Gary W. Breton
The use of an inexpensive analog-to-digital converter for interfacing gas chromatographs to computers in a teaching laboratory environment is described. Raw data may be read, processed, and printed from software supplied with the converter to afford chromatograms of acceptable quality.
Breton, Gary W. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 262.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Chromatography
Calculator-Based Instrumentation: The Design of a Digital Interface Based on I2C Technology  A. B. Hickman, W. G. Delinger, and Robin S. Helburn
In this work, we describe the interfacing of a digital temperature sensor to a Texas Instruments TI-85 calculator to make a portable instrument. The design of the interface is based on an integrated circuit that uses the inter-integrated circuit (I2C) protocol.
Hickman, A. B.; Delinger, W. G.; Helburn, Robin S. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 255.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive Pipet or Buret Jar and Washer  Henry Brouwer
Instructions are given for constructing a pipet or buret jar and automatic washer using readily available materials from a plumbing supply store.
Brouwer, Henry. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 254.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Inexpensive Digital Monitoring of Signals from a Spectronic-20 Spectrophotometer  John R. Amend, Matthew E. Morgan, and Alex Whitla
Obsolete analog-readout vacuum-tube and solid-state Spectronic-20 family spectrophotometers can be found in most college and university chemistry laboratories. While optically these are good single-beam instruments, their electronics package does not permit attachment of recorders or digital displays. This article describes a simple modification that costs less than $10.00 for parts and will permit direct digital readout of the Spectronic-20 signal with a digital voltmeter or a laboratory interface and a computer.
Amend, John R.; Morgan, Matthew E.; Whitla, Alex. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 252.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An Alternative Procedure for the Glucose Oxidase Assay of Glucose as Applied to the Lactase Activity Assay  T. Corbin Mullis, Jeffery T. Winge, and S. Todd Deal
The glucose oxidase assay of glucose has been modified to eliminate the use of micropipets. The modification involves the use of disposable Pasteur pipets and a specified number of drops of each reagent. This simplified technique gives accurate and reproducible results.
Mullis, T. Corbin; Winge, Jeffery T.; Deal, S. Todd. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1711.
Enzymes |
Carbohydrates |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Remediation of Water Contaminated with an Azo Dye: An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment Utilizing an Inexpensive Photocatalytic Reactor  John A. Bumpus, Jennifer Tricker, Ken Andrzejewski, Heather Rhoads, and Matthew Tatarko
The construction and use of an inexpensive photocatalytic reactor that utilizes titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst for wastewater treatment is described. In these experiments and in supplementary material, students are made aware that a variety of techniques have been developed to treat wastewaters, including those generated by the chemical industry. Water contaminated with the azo dye Congo Red was selected as an example of how one might treat contaminated water from a textile manufacturing facility.
Bumpus, John A.; Tricker, Jennifer; Andrzejewski, Ken; Rhoads, Heather; Tatarko, Matthew. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1680.
Photochemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Applications of Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
CD Spectroscope  Whitten, Lanny
Variation on design of the CD spectroscope.
Whitten, Lanny J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1624.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Simple Supplementary Offset Device for Data Acquisition Systems  Thomas Kappes and Peter C. Hauser
The device described in this article offers in a simple way the possibility of extending the offset range and can be combined with any data acquisition system. The signal offset is obtained by adding a manually adjustable voltage to the raw signal.
Kappes, Thomas; Hauser, Peter C. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1429.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An Apparatus for Temperature Displays  George Papageorgiou and John Xenos
In this article, a new simple and low-cost apparatus is introduced that provides the possibility to display temperature measurements in any lecture hall. The apparatus provides analog displays. Its construction requires only simple and inexpensive materials.
Papageorgiou, George; Xenos, John. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1094.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Preparation and Properties of an Aqueous Ferrofluid  Patricia Enzel, Nicholas B. Adelman, Katie J. Beckman, Dean J. Campbell, Arthur B. Ellis, and George C. Lisensky
This paper describes a simple synthesis of an aqueous-based ferrofluid that may be used in an introductory science or engineering laboratory. This paper also describes a method for repelling both oil- and water-based ferrofluid from solid surfaces that would otherwise be stained by the fluid. Finally, a demonstration of the interaction between ferrofluid and magnetic fields, in which ferrofluid is induced to leap upward by a stack of magnets, is described.
Enzel, Patricia; Adelman, Nicholas B.; Beckman, Katie J.; Campbell, Dean J.; Ellis, Arthur B.; Lisensky, George C. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 943.
Materials Science |
Magnetic Properties |
Nanotechnology |
Stoichiometry |
Colloids
A Practical Guide for the Preparation of Specimens for X-ray Fluorescence and X-ray Diffraction Analysis (by V. E. Buhrke, R. Jenkins, and D. K. Smith)  Reuben Rudman
Although its principal thrust is geared towards the analytical chemist in an X-ray diffraction (XRD) or X-ray fluorescence (XRF) service laboratory, this text will be of use primarily as a reference source in all milieus dealing with undergraduate research projects and advanced laboratory courses in physical and analytical chemistry. It contains dozens of suggestions for preparing randomly oriented small samples of nearly anything.
Rudman, Reuben. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 762.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Solution Conductivity Apparatus  Daniel T. Haworth, Mark R. Bartelt, and Michael J. Kenney
A solution conductivity apparatus is described that can be used to measure the relative conductivity of various solutions. The apparatus can be used as either a hand-held model employing a 10-element LED display or a lecture-hall demonstration model employing a 10-incandescent-lamp array.
Haworth, Daniel T.; Bartelt, Mark R.; Kenney, Michael J. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 625.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Conductivity |
Solutions / Solvents |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
The Laboratory Companion: A Practical Guide to Materials, Equipment, and Technique (by G. S. Coyne)  Elizabeth A. Runquist
This book contains a unique collection of hard-to-obtain, valuable information on the use, maintenance, and calibration of common laboratory equipment. In addition, the book provides guidelines for purchasing common laboratory equipment.
Runquist, Elizabeth A. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 614.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Using Large Glass Cylinders To Demonstrate Chemical Reactions  Wobbe de Vos
This article describes a simple laboratory experiment that aims at pedagogic as well as aesthetic aspects of chemical reactions. Experiments of this type have a high educational potential as students have the opportunity to observe the actual formation of a precipitate instead of just being able to see the result. The experiment is also suitable for demonstrating some of the fascinating beauty of chemical reactions to the general public.
de Vos, Wobbe. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 528.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Reactions
Design for a Miniature Portable Fume Hood  Ronald A. Bailey and Samuel C. Wait Jr.
This paper describes the design of a folding bench-top hood that is readily moved and can be stored in a standard laboratory cabinet. In its folded form it takes up little space.
Bailey, Ronald A.; Wait, Samuel C., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 228.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Student Construction of a Gel-Filled Ag/AgCl Reference Electrode for Use in a Potentiometric Titration  James M. Thomas
Instructions for the preparation of a Ag/AgCl "reference"-type electrode that uses a gel-type matrix are given. In addition, construction steps are provided for a very sturdy Pt-nichrome "inert" electrode, which can be used many times. Together, these two electrodes, along with a multivoltmeter, have been used successfully to determine the percent of iron in Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 and in Fe2O2 unknowns purchased commercially.
Thomas, James M. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 97.
Instrumental Methods |
Electrochemistry |
Quantitative Analysis |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
A Lab Safety "Scavenger Hunt"  Terry L. Helser
An active "scavenger hunt" can effectively augment the obligatory lecture on lab safety that students rarely heed or remember when it counts. Each team of students is given a diagram of the room with a list of equipment to find. Winners are rewarded for accurately and completely labeled diagrams.
Helser, Terry L. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 68.
Nonmajor Courses |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Precise Method for Determining the CO2 Content of Carbonate Materials  Donald L. Pile, Alana S. Benjamin, Klaus S. Lackner, Christopher H. Wendt, and Darryl P. Butt
The design and use of a buret apparatus for CO2 gas capture and mass determination are described. The derivation of a comprehensive equation to determine the CO2 mass and percent carbonation of the material is outlined. Experimental factors such as temperature and pressure, including elevation effects, and apparatus parameters are discussed and incorporated into one general equation.
Pile, Donald L.; Benjamin, Alana S.; Lackner, Klaus S.; Wendt, Christopher H.; Butt, Darryl P. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1610.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Quantitative Analysis
Using Plastiline in the Laboratory  Francisco J. Arnáiz
This is an invitation for a more widespread use of plastiline (an artist's material that is widely used for sculpture) in chemistry laboratories.
Arn$#225;iz, Francisco J. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1418.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Hands-On Practical Chemistry for All--Why and How?  John D. Bradley, S. Durbach, B. Bell, J. Mungarulire, and H. Kimel
A system based on microscale chemistry kits for individual students. These reusable kits comprise a number of components specially designed around a Comboplate made of optically clear plastic. The kits are supplied in individual zip-lock bags with a variety of configurations to suit different grades and curricula.
Bradley, John D.; Durbach, S.; Bell, B.; Mungarulire, J.; Kimel, H. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1406.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Gas Experiments with Plastic Soda Bottles  Patrick Kavanah and Arden P. Zipp
The construction and use of a new device to study gases is described. The device, which is made from a plastic soda bottle and an automobile tire valve, can be used to demonstrate that air has mass, find the mass of the "evacuated" device, determine the molar mass of air and other gases, investigate the pressure-volume relationship, and build a cloud chamber.
Kavanah, Patrick; Zipp, Arden P. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1405.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Simple, Transparent Fume Hood  John Fredericks
An inexpensive transparent fume hood can be constructed from a clear-plastic two-liter soft drink bottle that is cut just above the base. A length of vacuum tubing is secured to the opening of the bottle using black electrical tape. The tubing is then connected to a water aspirator.
Fredericks, John. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1299.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Laboratory Management
Automatic Titrators in the Analytical and Physical Chemistry Laboratories  Kathryn R. Williams
In 1995 the University of Florida received an NSF-ILI grant to purchase six automatic titrators, which have now been successfully integrated into the analytical and physical chemistry teaching laboratories. After they have mastered fundamental techniques, students in the introductory analytical laboratory gain experience with automated analyses in three experiments: the iodimetric analysis of ascorbic acid, the determination of polymer molecular weight, and the analysis of chloride by ion selective electrode.
Williams, Kathryn R. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1133.
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
A Solid-State Water Flow Fault Safety Switch for the Chemical Laboratory  Jonas Gruber, Rosamaria Wu Chia Li, and Isaac Gruber
A low cost solid-state water flow fault switch with a thermal sensing device is described that cuts the electric power of the heating element, normally employed in distillation and reflux devices, whenever their cooling water streams are impaired. This to prevent any possible escape of distillate vapours which may be toxic or flammable.
Gruber, Jonas; Li, Rosamaria Wu Chia; Gruber, Isaac. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1132.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An Inexpensive Detector for Gas Chromatography  Allan L. Smith, Edward J. Thorne, and Wolfgang Nadler
We have developed a low-cost (parts cost approximately $70) detector that can be used in a freshman level class to demonstrate the fundamental principles of gas chromatography (GC). The detector box can be used in a modification of experiments available in the literature which do not enable a quantitative method of analysis. We have used it with success in a freshman class of approximately 450 students in an experiment to separate chlorinated hydrocarbons via GC.
Smith, Allan L.; Thorne, Edward J.; Nadler, Wolfgang. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1129.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gas Chromatography |
Separation Science
There Seems To Be Uncertainty about the Use of Significant Figures in Reporting Uncertainties of Results  Julio F. Caballero and Delphia F. Harris
A cursory review of two journals indicates that uncertainties in experimental results are not consistently reported in the literature with the correct number of significant figures. The problem seems more frequent in computer generated results in both chemical education and research articles. Examples of published values with uncertainty inappropriately reported are included along with the appropriate rounding.
Caballero, Julio F.; Harris, Delphia F. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 996.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Learning Theories |
Chemometrics
A Three-Cent Reusable Craig Tube  Thomas J. Russo
A rugged three-cent reusable Craig tube is easily made from a cotton swab and disposable pipet tip. The tube costs three cents or less and can be reused.
Russo, Thomas J. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 880.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Synthesis |
Microscale Lab
MeasureNet: Electronic Measurement Network for the Freshman Chemistry Laboratory  Estel D. Sprague, Robert Voorhees, Paul McKenzie, John J. Alexander, and Peter Padolik
All of the students in our freshman chemistry laboratory program now have routine access to a range of high-quality electronic measurements. This has been accomplished by means of a newly-designed network system, based on network technology developed by the automotive industry.
Sprague, Estel D.; Voorhees, Robert; McKenzie, Paul; Alexander, John J.; Padolik, Peter. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 859.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Management
The Thermometer as a Simple Instrument  George F. Atkinson
The liquid-in-glass thermometer is used as a simple example of designing a measurement instrument which requires no previous knowledge of topics like electricity or optics.
Atkinson, George F. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 849.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods
Teaching Computer Concepts to Undergraduate Chemists  Ronald S. Haines
A curriculum for introducing chemistry students to the use of computer hardware and software in chemistry is described. The aim of the curriculum is to give students confidence when dealing with computers by emphasizing underlying concepts which are common to many computer applications.
Haines, Ronald S. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 785.
Learning Theories |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Demonstrating Electron Transfer and Nanotechnology: A Natural Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline Energy Converter  Greg P. Smestad and Michael Gratzel
A unique solar cell fabrication procedure has been developed using natural anthocyanin dyes extracted from berries. It can be reproduced with a minimum amount of resources in order to provide an interdisciplinary approach for lower-division undergraduate students learning the basic principles of biological extraction, physical chemistry, and spectroscopy as well as environmental science and electron transfer.
Smestad, Greg P.; Grtzel, Michael. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 752.
Photochemistry |
Plant Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Dyes / Pigments |
Nanotechnology |
Separation Science |
Spectroscopy
Delivery of Uniform and Countable Drops  David F. Koster
A simple method that overcomes many of the problems when using a Beral pipet is to place the bulb of the pipet in a clamp (a 3-finger microclamp works well, but most any clamp will do). By slowly tightening the screws of the clamp one can deliver uniform and easily countable drops.
Koster, David F. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 637.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Management
Overhead Projector Voltmeter Aids  Michael R. Hall and Rubin Battino
This paper describes two simple inexpensive devices that allow use of an overhead projector voltmeter to accurately read voltages and temperatures in the range 0-30C.
Hall, Michael R.; Battino, Rubin. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 577.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Modified Microburet for Microscale Titration  Mono M. Singh, Cynthia McGowan, Zvi Szafran, and Ronald M. Pike
A modified microburet can be constructed inexpensively from readily available laboratory materials. These materials include a 2 mL graduated pipet, a 5 or 10 mL plastic syringe body, a small piece of latex tubing, and a small size automatic delivery pipet tip. The modified microburet is easy to use, and gives accurate results.
Singh, Mono M.; McGowan, Cynthia; Szafran, Zvi; Pike, Ronald M. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 371.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Acids / Bases |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Should Advanced Instruments Be Used in Introductory Courses?  Jack K. Steehler
Author argues whether or not to use advanced instruments in general/introductory chemistry courses.
Steehler, Jack K. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 274.
Learning Theories |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods
Re-blue-ing Blue Litmus Paper  Margaret J. Steffel
The addition one drop of 15 M ammonia solution to a vial containing the blue litmus paper changes the color back to the proper blue color.
Steffel, Margaret J. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 183.
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Dyes / Pigments
Demonstrating Heat Changes on the Overhead Projector with a Projecting Thermometer  Chinhyu Hur, Sally Solomon, and Christy Wetzel
Heat changes can be observed by using a culture dish and a thermometer that is projected onto a screen using an overhead projector.
Hur, Chinhyu; Solomon, Sally; Wetzel, Christy. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 51.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Thermodynamics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Microscale Laboratory Heating System  Dwight Kinzer
A multifunctional heating system and a disposable still for use in the microscale laboratory are described. Time required for laboratory procedures is minimized. A novel microscale boiling point determination procedure is included.
Kinzer, Dwight. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1333.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Separation Science |
Laboratory Management
Simple and Inexpensive 8-Bit Analog to Digital Converter for the PCs Parallel Port  Orfeo Zerbinati
A simple and inexpensive 8-bit analog to digital (ADC) converter based on the ADC0804 integrated circuit, for replacing stripchart recorders by measuring analog voltages through the Centronics port (printer or parallel output) of an IBM-compatible personal computer, is proposed.
Zerbinati, Orfeo. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1241.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Eliminating Mercury Thermometers from the Lab  T. Stephen Everett
Replacing Hg thermometers with cooking thermometers.
Everett, T. Stephen. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1204.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Getting Close with the Instructional Scanning Tunneling Microscope  Carl Steven Rapp
This state-of-the-art instrumentation is making it possible for students to actually view atoms in their own classroom. What is truly amazing, however, is that the ISTM can be set up and atomic resolution images obtained in about an hour.
Rapp, Carl Steven. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1087.
Instrumental Methods |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Nanotechnology |
Surface Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing
Elements of Curriculum Reform: Putting Solids in the Foundation  Arthur B. Ellis
Until recently, solids were a relatively small part of the chemistry curriculum. Helping to close this particular gap between the research and educational enterprises was the objective of the Ad Hoc Committee for Solid-State Instructional Materials, formed in 1990.
Ellis, Arthur B. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1033.
Materials Science |
Solid State Chemistry |
Nanotechnology |
Magnetic Properties
A Refrigerator Magnet Analog of Scanning-Probe Microscopy  Julie K. Lorenz, Joel A. Olson, Dean J. Campbell, George C. Lisensky, and Arthur B. Ellis
The magnetic interactions between a flexible-sheet refrigerator magnet and a probe tip cut from the same magnet is used as a macroscopic analog of scanning probe microscopies.
Lorenz, Julie K.; Olson, Joel A.; Campbell, Dean J.; Lisensky, George C.; Ellis, Arthur B. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1032A.
Surface Science |
Materials Science |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Nanotechnology |
Magnetic Properties
Low-Cost Constant Temperature Heating Block  Charles G. Shevlin, Ward Coppersmith, Christopher Fish, Stanley Vlock, William Vellema
A simple constant temperature heat block was constructed from readily available materials. The configuration of the heating block can be constructed to meet the needs of any laboratory.
Shevlin, Charles G.; Coppersmith, Ward; Fish, Christopher; Vlock, Stanley; Vellema, William. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 958.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An Integrated-Circuit Temperature Sensor for Calorimetry and Differential Temperature Measurement  Mark Muyskens
Application of an integrated-circuit (IC) temperature sensor which is easy-to-use, inexpensive, rugged, easily computer-interfacable and has good precision is described. The design, based on the National Semiconductor LM35 IC chip, avoids some of the difficulties associated with conventional sensors (thermocouples, thermistors, and platinum resistance thermometers) and a previously described IC sensor.
Muyskens, Mark. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 850.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Thermal Analysis |
Thermodynamics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods
Removing Silicone Grease from Glassware  Thomas H. Lowry
A recent note described the use of 5% aqueous hydrofluoric acid for removing silicone grease residues from round-bottom flasks. A safer and more convenient alternative is a saturated solution of sodium hydroxide in ethanol.
Lowry, Thomas H. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 841.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solutions / Solvents |
Laboratory Management
Experiments of Modern Chemistry: Simultaneous Recording of Multiple Cooling Curves  Ronald A. Bailey, Sudhen B. Desai, Norbert F. Hepfinger, Henry B. Hollinger, Peter S. Locke, Kenneth J. Miller, James J. Deacutis, Donald R. VanSteele
An apparatus for simultaneous recording of six heating/cooling curves of metallic mixtures is described. Data are recorded using computer data acquisition and temperature-time data displayed and printed out for evaluation.
Bailey, Ronald A.; Desai, Sudhen B.; Hepfinger, Norbert F.; Hollinger, Henry B.; Locke, Peter S.; Miller, Kenneth J.; Deacutis, James J.; VanSteele, Donald R. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 732.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Chemistry for the Visually Impaired  Judy L. Ratliff
Methods used to try to provide a valuable experience for visually impaired students in a general education or an introductory chemistry class are discussed. Modifications that can be made cheaply and with little time commitment which will allow visually impaired students to participate productively in the laboratory are examined.
Ratliff, Judy L. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 710.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nonmajor Courses |
Minorities in Chemistry |
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The Nature and State of General Chemistry Laboratory Courses Offered by Colleges and Universities in the United States  Michael R. Abraham, Mark S. Craolice, A. Palmer Graves, Abdulwali H. Aldhamash, Joann G. Kihega, Julieta G. Palma Gal, Valsamma Varghese
How is general chemistry laboratory taught and managed? What varieties of practices are being used? To investigate these questions, the chemical education group at the University of Oklahoma conducted a survey on the nature and state of general chemistry laboratory courses offered in the United States.
Abraham, Michael R.; Craolice, Mark S.; Graves, A. Palmer; Aldhamash, Abdulwali H.; Kihega, Joann G.; Gil, Julieta G. Palma; Varghese, Valsamma. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 591.
Learning Theories |
Administrative Issues |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
TA Training / Orientation
A Low-Cost and High-Performance Conductivity Meter  Rogerio T. da Rocha, Ivano G. R. Gutz, and Claudimir L. do Lago
A two-electrode conductivimeter is described, which keep good performance in spite of its low cost.
da Rocha, Rogerio T. ; Gutz, Ivano G.R. ; do Lago, Claudimir L. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 572.
Instrumental Methods |
Conductivity |
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Quantitative Conductance Apparatus  Danny Burns and Don Lewis
Circuitry, electrode configuration and calibration procedures are described for a conductance device. An alternative construction of the circuit is given allowing computer capture of the instrument response.
Burns, Danny; Lewis, Don. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 570.
Instrumental Methods |
Conductivity |
Liquids |
Solutions / Solvents |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An Apparatus for Fast Dilution  V. P. Boiko
An apparatus for fast dilution permitting unlimited dilution of the solution in the same vessel is described. This was achieved by using a siphon to remove part of the solution from the dilution vessel.
Boiko, V. P. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 439.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solutions / Solvents
A Simple Audio Conductivity Device  Gregory Berenato and David F. Maynard
Many instruments either lack the sensitivity needed to measure small differences in conductivity or require expensive meters. To solve these problems, the authors have built a simple audio conductivity device that is very sensitive to current flow.
Berenato, Gregory; Maynard, David F. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 415.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Conductivity
A U-Tube Experiment To Discover the Curve in Boyle's Law  Thomas G. Richmond and Amy Parr
A discovery-style experiment is described to enable introductory chemistry students to determine the pressure versus volume behavior of a gas over a wide pressure range to "discover" Boyle's Law.
Richmond, Thomas G.; Parr, Amy. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 414.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Chemistry "en Miniature"  Herbert W. Roesky
"Chemistry en Miniature" is a new approach to carrying out chemical experiments. For the demonstration of the experiments we are using a video camera projector system. The demonstration is transmitted via a color- and data projector onto a large screen, so that it is easy for students to follow every step of the reaction sequence.
Roesky, Herbert W. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 399.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The Safe and Efficient Evaporation of a Solvent from Solution  Andrew R. Mahon
By inverting an ordinary 200-mL vacuum flask and pulling a steady current of air from the vacuum apparatus through it, any type of small container can be placed under it, allowing the solvent to be evaporated in a steady, mistake-free manner .
Mahon, Andrew R. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 246.
Solutions / Solvents |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Report: 1996 Cost-Effective, Hands-On Chemistry Education Conference  Carol Chen, Jeanne Murgado Dyer, Patricia B. Strawbridge
An international conference on cost-effective, hands-on chemistry education, consisting of scientists, science educators, and science students from middle school through the university level, was convened by the Institute for Chemical Education (ICE) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison for two weeks during July 1996.
Chen, Carol; Dyer, Jeanne Murgado; Strawbridge, Patricia B. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A236.
Conferences |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Professional Development
Reports from Other Journals: Gleanings from Scientific American  Paul F. Schatz
Scientific American provides a rich resource of background and general interest material for topics of chemical interest that can be used to supplement and enhance chemistry lecture and laboratory courses.
Schatz, Paul F. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A234.
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Laboratory Management
The Use of PTFE Membranes for the Construction of Semimicroscale Gas Reactors  Schallies, Michale; Schnelle, Hans-Otto; Kunze, Klaus
The membranes are employed to separate reaction compartments, where gas-evolving reactions take place, from solutions of reagents needed for qualitative or quantitative determinations of the gases. The PTFE membranes allow free flow of gases while they prevent the passage of water.
Schallies, Michale; Schnelle, Hans-Otto; Kunze, Klaus J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A128.
Gases |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab
Microwave Microscale Organic Experiments  John W. Elder and Kathleen M. Holtz
This article describes an inexpensive apparatus to perform sonochemical reactions, in small scale, using common lab glassware.
Elder, John W.; Holtz, Kathleen M. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A104.
Microscale Lab |
Magnetic Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Synthesis
Micropath Distillation Apparatus  N. K. Hazra and D. Mal
A shortpath distillation apparatus in its inverted position can be used for microscale distillation of a liquid sample. This article describes the process.
Hazra, N. K.; Mal, D. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A103.
Microscale Lab |
Separation Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Liquids
Easy Filling of Capillaries in an Inert Atmosphere  Francisco J. Arnáiz
The procedure described in this article offers a simpler way to charge capillaries or tubes in an inert atmosphere using inexpensive materials.
Arnaiz, Francisco J. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A102.
Microscale Lab |
Solids |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Four Programs for Windows: Abstract of Volume 4D, Number 2: PSL Photometer  Steven D. Gammon
The majority of freshman chemistry laboratory programs include experiments that employ visible spectroscopy to teach Beer's law and derive related concentration information. These experiments are often done with a Baush and Lomb Spectronic 20 or Spectronic 21. We have developed an alternative instrument and software that offers significant advantages over the above spectrometers.
Gammon, Steven D. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 1077.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Spectroscopy |
Quantitative Analysis
Thin-Layer Chromatography: Four Simple Activities for Undergraduate Students  Jamil Anwar, Saeed Ahmad Nagra, Mehnaz Nagi
To simplify the conventional thin-layer chromatography, four TLC exercises are described which are easy to perform in a high school or college laboratory.
Anwar, Jamil; Nagra, Saeed Ahmad; Nagi, Mehnaz. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 977.
Separation Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Thin Layer Chromatography
A Simple Method for Determining the Temperature Coefficient of Voltaic Cell Voltage  Alfred E. Saieed, Keith M. Davies
This article describes a relatively simple method for preparing voltaic cells, and through their temperature coefficient, ?E/?T, it explores relationships between ?G, ?H,and ?S for the cell reactions involved.
Saieed, Alfred E.; Davies, Keith M. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 959.
Electrochemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Thermodynamics |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Oxidation / Reduction
A Modified Demonstration of the Activation Energy Concept  Jin Li, Le-Sui Dai, Li-Shu You
This paper describes a modified method that can be used to present both exothermic and endothermic cases.
Li, Jin; Dai, Le-Sui; You, Li-Shu. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 948.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A Manageable Measurement Method for Sodium  Mario Branca and Steven Loiselle
The use of sodium in chemical research is hampered by its reactivity in moist air, which leads to difficult handling and measurement methods. We describe a simple method using disposable microcapillary pipettes for small quantity applications.
J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 857.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab
Oxygen from Hydrogen Peroxide: An Experimental Modification  James H. Burness
This paper describes a simple modification to the generation of oxygen gas experiment which eliminates the need for a pencil coated with petroleum jelly and dry yeast. This elimination not only prevents falling pieces of yeast from prematurely starting the reaction, but at the same time makes the reaction faster and simplifies cleanup.
J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 851.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Microscale Lab
On-Line Surfactant Monitoring by Foam Generation  Patrick D. Soran, Everett E. Neal, Barbara Smith, and Ken I. Mullen
The device continuously monitors the concentration of surfactants on-line, in real time, and is particularly suited for process monitoring or process control.
Soran, Patrick D.; Neal, Everett E.; Smith, Barbara; Mullen, Ken I. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 819.
Metals |
Surface Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An Improved Container for Solutions of Yellow Phosphorous  Stephen W. Wright
This short article suggests the use of the Sure/Pac cylinder system as an alternative to glass stoppered bottles for the storage of solutions of yellow phosphorous in carbon dioxide.
Wright, Stephen W. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 818.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Making an Inexpensive Tesla Coil from a Car Coil  Michael R. Hall and Rubin Battino
Directions are given for making an inexpensive tesla coil from a car coil, along with the suggested uses for the tesla coil.
Hall, Michael R.; Battino, Rubin. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 817.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Simple and Low-Cost Air Sampler  Sashi Saxena Ratna and Pramrod Upadhyay
In this article, an air sampler kit is presented that can be assembled from locally available household materials. The reliability of the sampler kit is also established.
Ratna, Shashi Saxena; Upadhyay, Pramod. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 787.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis
Low-Cost Lateral Displacement Refractometer for Liquids: A Take-Home Student Experiment   V. Anantha Narayanan and Radha Narayanan
This article describes an experiment that uses a low-cost lateral displacement refractometer. The refractometer can be used in the home or laboratory by science students.
Narayanan, V. Anantha; Narayanan, Radha. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 784.
Solutions / Solvents |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Myths about pH and pH meters  Sharma, Brahama D.
The pH meter does not measure the pH, it measures the E of the cell against a standard.
Sharma, Brahama D. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 598.
pH |
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Disposable Syringe Used as a Grease Applicator  Saqib Ali and M. Danish
This article describes the use of a disposable syringe as a grease applicator. It is possible to grease ground glasses and quickfit joints directly from the tube but then one tube can be used only by one person.
Ali, Saqib; Danish, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 475.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The Incredible "Glowing" Pickle and Onion and Potato and...  Rubin Battino and Peter M. Weimer
There are many demonstrations about electrical conductivity that are illuminating, but the incredible glowing pickle is the most dramatic and eye-catching. In this paper we describe how to achieve the same effect with an onion, a potato, a head of cabbage, and a grapefruit, as well as a simple and safe device to hold these foods.
Weimer, Peter M.; Battino, Rubin. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 456.
Food Science |
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Compact Steam Distillation Apparatus  Imran Ali
A very compact steam distillation apparatus is designed and reported in this paper.
Ali, Imran. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 285.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science
Luminescence Decay and Flash Photolysis Experiments Using an Inexpensive, Laser-Based Apparatus  Benjamin A. DeGraff and David A. Horner
A low cost, easily assembled apparatus has been developed that allows a number of the most exciting laser-based experiments to be performed for less than eight thousand dollars. Also, presented are a number of experiments which can be done using the apparatus and suggestions for a number of additional ones.
DeGraff, Benjamin A.; Horner, David A. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 279.
Lasers |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Paper Vernier Scale for Various Laboratory Equipments  B. S. Lark
Fabrication and use of a paper vernier scale for a buret is described in this article. Use of this vernier scale makes the reading of the level lying between the graduation marks up to 0.01 mL and thus increases the efficiency of the use of a buret and other similar stem calibrated instruments.
Lark, B. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 177.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Bigger and Brighter Flame Tests  David K. Dalby
This article describes a flame test method that provides a way to set up quickly, clean up, and produce a large and very intense flame that can easily be seen in a 300-seat lecture auditorium. In addition to simple color observations, each audience member can easily see individual bands of color for each element.
Dalby, David K. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 80.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
TLC Developing Chamber for Screening Column Chromatography Fractions  Samuel G. Levine
We describe here a novel TLC (thin layer chromatography) development chamber that greatly enhances the efficiency of this task.
Levine, Samuel G. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 77.
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Instrumentation and Laboratory Improvement Grants in Chemistry  
Listing of the 1995 awards in chemistry under the Instrumentation and Laboratory Improvement Program (ILI) of the Division of Undergraduate Education (DUE).
J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A214.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Small-Scale Potentiometry and Silver One-Pot Reactions  David W. Brooks, Dianne Epp, and Helen B. Brooks
Apparatus and method for construction and application of a silver reference electrode in silver one-pot reactions.
Brooks, David W.; Epp, Dianne; Brooks, Helen B. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A162.
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Potentiometry |
Ion Selective Electrodes |
Microscale Lab
Small-Scale Experiments Involving Gas Evolution  Brouwer, H.
Apparatus for measuring very small volume changes of gases and several experimental procedures involving the evolution of gases.
Brouwer, H. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A100.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Stoichiometry |
Acids / Bases |
Reactions |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Microscale Lab
Interfacing an Old UV-VIS Spectrophotometer to a PC Computer  Guinon, J. L.; Garcia-Jareno, J.; Garcia-Anton, J.; Perez-Herranz, V.
Instructions for interfacing an old UV-VIS spectrophotometer to a PC computer.
Guinon, J. L.; Garcia-Jareno, J.; Garcia-Anton, J.; Perez-Herranz, V. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A81.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Small Scale Electrophoresis  Brooks, Helen B.; Brooks, David W.
Simple electrophoresis apparatus for separating food coloring in plastic pipet using five 9-V batteries.
Brooks, Helen B.; Brooks, David W. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A28.
Electrophoresis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Biotechnology |
Micelles |
Separation Science |
Microscale Lab
Laboratory Improvement with Fun  D. Lorenzo and P. Moyna
Supporting round-bottomed glassware with wine corks.
Lorenzo, D.; Moyna, P. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1146.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Construction of a Spatula to Fit One-Dram, Screw-Cap Vials  J. M. Lucas and E. J. Eisenbraun
Construction of a spatula to fit one-dram, screw-cap vials.
Lucas, J. M.; Eisenbraun, E. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1143.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A Convenient Way to Generate Hydrogen Chloride: In the Freshman Lab  Francisco J. Arnáiz
A convenient way to generate hydrogen chloride.
Arnáiz, Francisco J. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1139.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
From Christmas Ornament to Glass Electrode  Rogério T. da Rocha, Ivano G. R. Gutz, and Claudimir L. do Lago
Instructions and use of a homemade glass electrode for pH measurements/titrations.
Da Rocha, Rogerio T.; Gutz, Ivano G. R.; do Lago, Claudimir L. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1135.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Ion Selective Electrodes |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Management |
pH
Surface Analysis by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy  Louis A. Coury, Jr, Mario Johnson, and Tammy J. Murphy
Project that involves using a scanning tunneling microscope to examine electrode surfaces before and after modification.
Coury, Jr., Louis A.; Johnson, Mario; Murphy, Tammy J. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1088.
Surface Science |
Solid State Chemistry |
Nanotechnology
Useful Plastic Items Available   Marie Sherman
Items discarded by hospitals that can be used in chemistry laboratories.
Sherman, Marie. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1028.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A New Low-Cost Apparatus for Electrolysis of Water   Chieko Suzuki
Low-cost alternative to the Hofmann apparatus for the electrolysis of water.
Suzuki, Chieko. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 912.
Electrochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Multiple Burning Heaps of Color-- An Elegant Variation of a Flame Test  Eugene T. Smith
Making the ammonia fountain demonstration faster and more reliable using a common syringe.
Smith, Eugene T. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 828.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Solutions / Solvents |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds
The "Collisions Cube" Molecular Dynamics Simulator  John J. Nash and Paul E. Smith
Design and applications for a large, three-dimensional atomic/molecular motion/dynamics simulator using forced-air blowers and ping-pong balls.
Nash, John J.; Smith, Paul E. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 805.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
A Cheap, Semiquantitative Hand-Held Conductivity Tester  Susan K. S. Zawacky
Plans for a inexpensive, semiquantitative, hand-held conductivity tester.
Zawacky, Susan K. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 728.
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The Tube-in-Tube Solution for Gas Generation  Arnaiz, Francisco J.
Simple apparatus using a magnetic stir bar for adding a liquid reactant to a solid when the volume of the gas produced by the reaction must be determined.
Arnaiz, Francisco J. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 572.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Obtaining a Spectrum Easily: Using a Single-Beam Spectrophotometer  Mattson, Miranda E.; Mattson, William A.
Using a single-beam spectrophotometer (e.g. Spec 20) to obtain a spectrum.
Mattson, Miranda E.; Mattson, William A. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 569.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Instrumental Methods
Continuous Liquid-Sample Introduction for Bunsen Burner Atomic Emission Spectrometry  Smith, Gregory D.; Sanford, Caryn L.; Jones, Bradley T.
Description of a laboratory-constructed atomic emission spectrometer with modular instrumentation components and a simple Bunsen burner atomizer with continuous sample introduction for lab work or demonstrations; includes sample data.
Smith, Gregory D.; Sanford, Caryn L.; Jones, Bradley T. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 438.
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Cloud Chamber Activities for the High School Classroom  Perry, John Timothy; Sankey, Mary Ann
Instructions for constructing and using an inexpensive cloud chamber; includes student assignments and sample data.
Perry, John Timothy; Sankey, Mary Ann J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 339.
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An Easily Constructed Salicylate-Ion-Selective Electrode for Use in the Instructional Laboratory  Creager, Stephen E.; Lawrence, Kyle D.; Tibbets, Craig R.
Construction and use of a salicylate-ion-selective electrode; includes a calibration curve.
Creager, Stephen E.; Lawrence, Kyle D.; Tibbets, Craig R. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 274.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Ion Selective Electrodes
A Transferable Gas Container (TGC): Improving the Balloon Inert Atmosphere Technique  Bohac, Andrej
Apparatus for transferring inert gases using toy balloon and rubber tubing.
Bohac, Andrej J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 263.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases
The "Magic" Flask  Battino, Rubin; Fortman, John J.
Apparatus designed to "magically" dispense liquids of many different colors without refilling.
Battino, Rubin; Fortman, John J. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 246.
Acids / Bases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Convenient Luminol Demonstration  Schechinger, Linda; Waldman, Amy Sue
Simple, inexpensive apparatus for demonstrating the oxidation of luminol.
Schechinger, Linda; Waldman, Amy Sue J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 243.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photochemistry
A Versatile Support for Laboratory Stirring Motors  Cowan, K. D.; Hall, H.; Eisenbraun, E. J.
Design and construction of a support to eliminate vibrational shifts for laboratory motors.
Cowan, K. D.; Hall, H.; Eisenbraun, E. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 190.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Charles' Law Experiment for Beginning Students  Rockley, Mark G.; Rockley, Natalie L.
Experimental procedure and simple apparatus for illustrating Charles' Law and determining absolute zero; sample data and analysis are included.
Rockley, Mark G.; Rockley, Natalie L. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 179.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Put a Little Kaboom in Your Classroom  Barondeau, Mike
Instructions for constructing a calcium carbide/acetylene cannon from PVC pipe.
Barondeau, Mike J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 176.
Reactions |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Cubic and Related Structures of Many Types of Crystals: A Single Illuminated Model  Rich, Ronald L.
Instructions for constructing a three-dimensional, lighted model to illustrate the positions of atoms in many different crystalline structures.
Rich, Ronald L. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 172.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Geochemistry |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure
The Western Washington University Instrument Center: Restructuring Shops and Service Laboratories for Limited Budgets  Wilson, H. William
Examination of restructuring shops and laboratories at Western Washington University to reduce costs and increase efficiency.
Wilson, H. William J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 169.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Administrative Issues
A Cheap and Effective Glovebag for the Undergraduate Laboratory  Hartmann, Gregory A.; Gaston, Rick
Instructions for producing inexpensive glovebags.
Hartmann, Gregory A.; Gaston, Rick J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 96.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Metal-Encased Dewar Flask  Ritter, David
Instructions for a shock-resistant, homemade metal encased Dewar.
Ritter, David J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 70.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Dry Ice and a Piece of Used Inner Tube  Ali, Saqib; Danish, M.; Mazhar, M.
Effective method for crushing dry ice.
Ali, Saqib; Danish, M.; Mazhar, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 56.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A Microscale Rotary Evaporator  Maynard, David F.
A simple roto-vap-type apparatus was developed for rapid removal of excess solvent in the microscale laboratory.
Maynard, David F. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, A272.
Microscale Lab |
Solutions / Solvents |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Simple Microwell Colorimeter for Use in an Introductory Chemistry Lab  Crump, Jennifer; Sandwick, Roger K.
Using simple and common electronic components to manufacture an inexpensive microwell detector that uses and LCD as a light source and a CdS photocell as a detector; includes examples of applications of the device in a high school or undergraduate chemistry curriculum.
Crump, Jennifer; Sandwick, Roger K. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, A199.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Spectroscopy |
Quantitative Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
Inexpensive Reagent Dispenser  Brouwer, H.
An inexpensive reagent dispenser constructed from a disposable syringe and three-way valve.
Brouwer, H. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, A148.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An Inexpensive Suction Microfilter  McDevitt, Eugene J.
Two disposable polyethylene transfer pipets can be used to form a single-use filtering funnel for several grams of solid yield.
McDevitt, Eugene J. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, A147.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science
A Better Way to Cut Filter Paper for Microscale Lab Use  Huisman, Richard D.
Using a power paper punch to cut microscale filter paper.
Huisman, Richard D. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, A147.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Separation Science
Salt Bridge Using Soil Moist  Brooks, David W.; Brooks, Helen B.
Using Soil Moist in the stem of a plastic transfer pipet as an effective salt bridge for small scale electrochemical experiments.
Brooks, David W.; Brooks, Helen B. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, A62.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
The Many Uses of a Seven-inch Side Arm Test Tube  McDevitt, Eugene J.
Reducing the cost of microglassware kits by substituting a $5 side arm test tube for a variety of operations.
McDevitt, Eugene J. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, A58.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Management
A Digital pH-mV Meter for Overhead Projection  DuPre, Donald B.; Just, Warren E.
A commercially available and relatively inexpensive pH-mV meter may be readily modified for display on an overhead projector.
DuPre, Donald B.; Just, Warren E. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 1081.
pH |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Learning Name Reactions and Name Apparatuses Through Crossword Puzzles  Lee, Albert W. M.; Tse, C. L.
These computer generated crossword puzzles consist of 38 organic name reactions and 13 name apparatuses frequently encountered at the undergraduate level.
Lee, Albert W. M.; Tse, C. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 1071.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Reactions
Potentiometric Stripping Analyses: Using a Flexible, Low-cost Computerized Instrument  Chow, C. W. K.; Davey, D. E.; Haskard, M. R.; Mulcahy, D. E.; Yeow, T. C. W.
This paper describes a simple and economic way to construct a computerized potentiometric stripping analysis system for teaching and research purposes.
Chow, C. W. K.; Davey, D. E.; Haskard, M. R.; Mulcahy, D. E.; Yeow, T. C. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 997.
Potentiometry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing
A Simple-to-Build Thermal-Conductivity GC Detector  Jones, Mark E.
The author describes an inexpensive, easy-to-build thermal-conductivity detector for gas chromatography.
Jones, Mark E. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 995.
Gas Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Device for Making Classroom Molecular Models   Mattson, Bruce
A device for making high quality tetrahedral suitable for use in high school exhibits is described here.
Mattson, Bruce J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 977.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Molecular Modeling
Minimal-Waste Solution Dispensers   Williams, Howard P.; Woodruff, H. Frank
Reagent solution waste by students can never be eliminated, but it can be greatly reduced with little cost.
Williams, Howard P.; Woodruff, H. Frank J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 976.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Aspirator Splashing Solved with Two Cent Cup  Garza, Victor L.
With this novel method of containment, no splashing occurs and aspirator effectiveness is not decreased
Garza, Victor L. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 953.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Laboratory Wash Bottle from an Empty Shampoo Bottle  Ali, Saqib; Mazhar, M.
Making a laboratory wash bottle from an empty shampoo bottle.
Ali, Saqib; Mazhar, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 805.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive PVC Round-Bottom Flask Holders  McDevitt, Eugene J.
Using PVC pipe to hold round-bottom flasks.
McDevitt, Eugene J. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 802.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Digital Displays of Voltage, Resistance, and Temperature  DuPre, Donald B.; Just, Warren E.
Conversion of a digital multimeter for projection on an overhead screen and employing an accessory for the presentation of temperature measurements.
DuPre, Donald B.; Just, Warren E. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 691.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Density Meter for Solids  Ali, Saqib; Mazhar, M.; Mahmood, Khalid
Design of a very simple density meter for determining the density of any solid materials through water displacement.
Ali, Saqib; Mazhar, M.; Mahmood, Khalid J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 681.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
Kinetics of Chemical Reactions: A Low-Cost and Simple Appartus  Papageorgiou, G.; Ouzounis, K.; Xenos, J.
Description, applications, and experiments for a simple and inexpensive apparatus to help students understand kinetics.
Papageorgiou, G.; Ouzounis, K.; Xenos, J. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 647.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Reactions |
Kinetics
Rubber Elasticity: A Simple Method for Measurement of Thermodynamic Properties  Byrne, John P.
A modified triple-beam balance that uses an optical lever to detect small changes in the length of a stretched rubber band.
Byrne, John P. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 531.
Thermodynamics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
High-Sensitivity Gamma Radiation Monitor for Teaching and Environmental Applications  Lyons, R. G.; Crossley, P. C.; Fortune, D.
Design, construction, and calibration of a high-sensitivity gamma radiation monitor.
Lyons, R. G.; Crossley, P. C.; Fortune, D. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 524.
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Basic Principles of Scale Reading  Peckham, Gavin D.
Steps and basic principles of reading the scales of laboratory instruments.
Peckham, Gavin D. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 423.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols
Inexpensive PVC Splash Guards  McDevitt, Eugene J.
Placing sections of PVC pipe in the bottom of sinks to reduce splashing.
McDevitt, Eugene J. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 358.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An Economical, Safe, and Sturdy Student Calorimeter  Ruekberg, Ben
Replacing the styrofoam, coffee cup calorimeter with the Snak Jar.
Ruekberg, Ben J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 333.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Two Safe Student Conductivity Apparatus  Katz, David A.; Willis, Courtney
Design, construction, and application of two conductivity apparatus.
Katz, David A.; Willis, Courtney J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 330.
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab
A Reaction Chamber for the Thermite Reaction  Foseid, Thomas L.
Reaction chamber for the thermite reaction for purchase.
Foseid, Thomas L. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 327.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inventory Control: Sampling and Analyzing Air Pollution: An Apparatus Suitable for Use in Schools  Rockwell, Dean M.; Hansen, Tony
Two variations of an air sampler and analyzer that are inexpensive, easy to construct, and highly accurate.
Rockwell, Dean M.; Hansen, Tony J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 318.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis
Heat Transfer Block Conversion for Use of a Bimetal Coil Thermometer  Flechtner, Thomas W.; Ball, David W.
Modified aluminum heating block to accept a bimetal coil pocket thermometer.
Flechtner, Thomas W.; Ball, David W. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 79.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inserting a Wire Through a Cork or Rubber Stopper  Cargille, L. Christine L.
Easy method for inserting a wire through a cork or rubber stopper.
Cargille, L. Christine L. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 74.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Converting to a microscale laboratory with improvised equipment   Crouch, R. David; Nelson, Todd D.; Kinter, Chris M.
To avoid the expenses normally involved in converting experiments over to the microscale, these authors suggest some "improvised" microscale equipment.
Crouch, R. David; Nelson, Todd D.; Kinter, Chris M. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, A203.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A microscale suction filtration apparatus   Winkel, Cleve R.
This apparatus helps avoid some of the troublesome aspects of filtration that occur during the transfer stage.
Winkel, Cleve R. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, A161.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Separation Science
Construction of a Micropycnometer for Determination of Density and Specific Gravity of Liquids and Solutions   Singh, Mono M.; Szafran, Zvi; Pike, Ronald M.
A procedure used to drastically minimize volume of liquid for disposal that includes development of other, valuable lab techniques.
Singh, Mono M.; Szafran, Zvi; Pike, Ronald M. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, A36.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A digital balance for overhead projection  DuPre, Donald B.; Just, Warren E.
An inexpensive digital pocket balance may be readily modified for display of weights on an overhead projector.
DuPre, Donald B.; Just, Warren E. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 652.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Wash no more!   Zafran, Bob
Making reagent dispensing more efficient and less messy.
Zafran, Bob J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 595.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The electrician's multimeter in the chemistry teaching laboratory: Part 2: Potentiometry and conductimetry  Sevilla, Fortunato, III; Alfonso, Rafael L.; Andres, Roberto T.
Further applications of the multimeter in chemistry laboratories are discussed in this paper: potentiometry, reduction potentials and cell EMF, the Nerst equations, pH measurements, titration, conductimetry, and conduction of solutions.
Sevilla, Fortunato, III; Alfonso, Rafael L.; Andres, Roberto T. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 580.
Acids / Bases |
Solutions / Solvents |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Potentiometry
Using the electrician's multimeter in the chemistry teaching laboratory: Part 1. Colorimetry and thermometry experiments  Andres, Roberto T.; Sevilla, Fortunato, III
The multimeter could be a very useful instrument for the chemistry laboratory bench. In this paper, the versatility of the multimeter in the chemistry teaching laboratory is demonstrated.
Andres, Roberto T.; Sevilla, Fortunato, III J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 514.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Equilibrium |
Stoichiometry |
Kinetics |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
An inexpensive, yet strong, way to assemble aluminum rod lattices  Brisbois, Ronald G.
An inexpensive yet strong way to assemble aluminum rod lattices to help with setting up reactions or apparatus.
Brisbois, Ronald G. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 506.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive, liquid reagent dispenser  Vitz, Ed; Dietrich, Richard
It is expensive to dispose of liquid reagents, but it may also be expensive to invest in commercial dispensers. These authors offer a $5 solution to the problem.
Vitz, Ed; Dietrich, Richard J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 500.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An efficient and inexpensive device for measurement of gas volume  Lieu, Van T.
Diagram and description of a device for measuring gas volume that yields good results.
Lieu, Van T. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 420.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A combination steam and cold plate  Eisenbraun, E. J.; Lucas, J. M.
An apparatus constructed to serve as a variable-temperature plate for use during magnetically stirred evaporation of solvents, dissolution of solids, and cooling solutions to induce crystallization.
Eisenbraun, E. J.; Lucas, J. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 416.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Simple and flexible flask supports for weighings  Rothchild, Robert
Simple and flexible round-bottom flask supports can facilitate weighings or additions of reagents to flasks.
Rothchild, Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 409.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Views of space: Analysis of molecular shapes and volumes by casting the unoccupied space within carcerand CPK molecular models  Eld, C. N., Jr.; Cram, D. J.
Corey-Pauling-Koltun molecular models have greatly helped and influenced chemical research. To help with visualizing concealed space within models, the authors have developed a plaster-case and rubber-mold system. The preparation and utility are described in this article.
Eld, C. N., Jr.; Cram, D. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 349.
Molecular Modeling |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive ignition device  Brouwer, Henry
With a few modifications, the push-button ignition unit used on many gas barbecues can be used to provide a safe, inexpensive source for spark generation.
Brouwer, Henry J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 329.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The use of fuses in chemical demonstrations   Fortman, John J.; Schreier, Jeffrey
Black powder fuse wicks can be used to burn hot enough for the delayed ignition of many pyrotechnic demonstrations.
Fortman, John J.; Schreier, Jeffrey J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 328.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Curriculum using the unique capabilities of lasers   Van Hecke, Gerald R.; Karukstis, Kerry K.
Pedagogical value of using lasers in various lessons.
Van Hecke, Gerald R.; Karukstis, Kerry K. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 323.
Lasers |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive alternative to pipet fillers  Galindo, Agustin; Ortega, Andres
A cheap alternative to typical pipets used for general chemistry courses.
Galindo, Agustin; Ortega, Andres J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 314.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A Device to Collect Sediment Cores: And an Experiment for their Chemical Analysis  Del Delumyea, R.; McCleary, Donna L.
The chemical and physical characterization of sediments in aquatic systems can be performed at the introductory chemistry level and the experience is appealing and informative for students. This paper describes a device used to gather samples.
Del Delumyea, R.; McCleary, Donna L. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 172.
Green Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Improvements in the ultra-micro boiling-point technique  Rausch, Gerald; Tonnis, John
Applying commercial micropipets to solve problems in using capillary tubes.
Rausch, Gerald; Tonnis, John J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, A264.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive parallel interface to a digital pH meter   McMahon, John J.; Braca, Paul R.
The authors have designed an experiment in which the students build their own parallel interface "card" from inexpensive components.
McMahon, John J.; Braca, Paul R. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, A156.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH
Controlling a stepper motor: Using the IBM PC communication port   Chau, F. T.; Tam, K. Y.
To simplify the system for applications involving only one or two stepper motors, the serial communication port of an IBM PC may used instead of the parallel interface card.
Chau, F. T.; Tam, K. Y. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, A154.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Scanning tunneling microscopy of silicon and carbon.  Braun, Robert D.
The author describes some of the advantages and uses of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) as well as a student laboratory using STM.
Braun, Robert D. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, A90.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing
The microscale organic laboratory: A very simple method of filtration and recrystallization   Laporterie, A.
The following inexpensive system can be used to perform filtration, washing and crystallization without the loss of product in an organic lab.
Laporterie, A. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, A42.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Crystals / Crystallography
Buret storage solution  Williams, Howard P.
Design of a durable and safe buret storage rack.
Williams, Howard P. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 1013.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Determining the thermal expansion coefficient of gases  Lehmann, Jochen K.
The authors improved the design of the apparatus and extended the experimental task on a recently published experiment for determining the zero point of the absolute temperature scale.
Lehmann, Jochen K. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 943.
Thermodynamics |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive flash chromatography apparatus for the teaching/research lab  Deal, S. Todd
The author has developed an alternative flash chromatography apparatus for use in research labs at all levels, as well as the undergraduate teaching lab, that uses materials already available in a typical academic laboratory.
Deal, S. Todd J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 939.
Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Simple and inexpensive kinetics: A student laboratory experiment and demonstration   Erwin, David K.
Laboratory experimentation, as well as in-class demonstration, involving the study of chemical kinetics can be performed using this safe, simple, and inexpensive apparatus. This apparatus requires only that systems to be studied must produce a gaseous product that can displace water.
Erwin, David K. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 926.
Kinetics |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Rate Law |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive rubber stoppers for small diameter tubing  McDevitt, Eugene J.
Boring out a regular rubber stopper to accept small diameter tubing.
McDevitt, Eugene J. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 845.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Simple, inexpensive apparatus for sample concentration  Bruno, Thomas J.
An alternative to disadvantageous, commercial concentration apparatuses.
Bruno, Thomas J. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 837.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solutions / Solvents
Equipment for gas law experiments  Hennings, David G.
Using the plastic bottles sold with popcorn as leveling bulbs.
Hennings, David G. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 773.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A modern vapor pressure apparatus based on the isoteniscope.  Van Hecke, Gerald R.
Equipment used for vapor pressure measurements that eliminates use of a mercury manometer.
Van Hecke, Gerald R. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 681.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Liquids
Use of plastic syringes as measuring pipets.  Chiu, Grace.
Using disposable, plastic syringes as measuring pipets.
Chiu, Grace. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 666.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Limewater dispenser bottle.  Brouwer, H.
Simple apparatus for the siphoning of limewater solution.
Brouwer, H. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 582.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Low-cost water-bath temperature controller.  Mercer, Gary D.
Construction of a low-cost water-bath temperature controller for a 1- to 4-L water bath.
Mercer, Gary D. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 568.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A low-cost pH meter for the classroom.  Harris, David L.; Harris, Daniel C.
Design of an inexpensive yet precise pH meter for classroom use.
Harris, David L.; Harris, Daniel C. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 563.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH |
Acids / Bases
An equilibrium machine.  Sawyer, Douglas J.; Martens, Thomas E.
An equilibrium machine powered by air pressure that demonstrates the concepts of equilibrium, activation energy, and catalysis.
Sawyer, Douglas J.; Martens, Thomas E. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 551.
Equilibrium |
Catalysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Moisture-sensitive reagents in the student laboratory.  Levine, Samuel G.
Apparatus and method for for dispensing measured quantities of moisture-sensitive reagents in the student laboratory.
Levine, Samuel G. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 501.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A reasonable alternative to water aspiration  Mulcahy, Francis M.; Robbins, Andrea M.
The authors have designed a manifold system to obtain the greatest possible use of their vacuum pumps.
Mulcahy, Francis M.; Robbins, Andrea M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 428.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Water / Water Chemistry
Unfreezing standard-taper joints  Brown, Thomas; Sund, Eldon H.
A mixture of Micro detergent and Duo Seal pump oil will unfreeze frozen standard-taper joints every time.
Brown, Thomas; Sund, Eldon H. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 421.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simple generator for common gases at atmospheric pressure  Elsworth, John F.
The current high cost of either a Kipps generator for producing hydrogen sulfide in the undergraduate laboratory, or of the bottled gas, led the writer to construct a simple, economical and efficient generator for use in a laboratory fitted with an efficient fume hood.
Elsworth, John F. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 419.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An AC-adapter for battery operated pH meters  Mercer, Gary D.
Directions for creating an AC adapter for pH meters that are battery operated.
Mercer, Gary D. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 402.
pH |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Refrigerated dropping funnel and reflux condenser  Cagle, M. D.; Denton, T.; Eisenbraun, E. J.
This one-piece apparatus has proved useful in controlling the temperature of a reagent during addition to a refluxing reaction mixture.
Cagle, M. D.; Denton, T.; Eisenbraun, E. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 331.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Reactions
Avoiding capillary blockage of AA and AE spectrophotometers  Quigley, Michael N.
Using a piece of filter paper is a preventative measure that saves on equipment.
Quigley, Michael N. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 324.
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A convenient method for refurbishing laboratory clamps  Wright, Stephen W.; Teeter, J. Stephen
The authors have found that nonferrous laboratory clamps, particularly the Castalloy clamps, may be easily and safely restored by treatment with citric acid solution.
Wright, Stephen W.; Teeter, J. Stephen J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 322.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An Ace reducing adapter for screw vials.  Canela, Ramon; Balcells, Merce.
Using this device, solvents contained in vials can be evaporated quickly without problems.
Canela, Ramon; Balcells, Merce. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 244.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solutions / Solvents |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Electrochemical measurements in general chemistry lab using a student-constructed Ag-AgCl reference electrode  Ahn, M. K.; Reuland, D. J.; Chadd, K. D.
This paper describes a simple method of making a reproducible and durable reference electrode for use by freshmen chemistry students.
Ahn, M. K.; Reuland, D. J.; Chadd, K. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 74.
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A gel sample block   Taslimi, Paul M.
The description of a simple device that will eliminate the necessity for the use of microcentrifuge tubes for preparation of most DNA samples.
Taslimi, Paul M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 61.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrophoresis
Integrating research instrumentation with the general chemistry curriculum. Part I: Mass spectrometry  Eichstadt, Karen E.
A three-part exercise entitled "A Glimpse of Mass Spectrometry" was designed for students enrolled in the third quarter of a one-year, nonmajor course that surveyed organic and biological chemistry.
Eichstadt, Karen E. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 48.
Mass Spectrometry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nonmajor Courses
Micro-Kipp gas generators   Wilson, Byron J.
An attention-getting microexperiment to illustrate chemical stoichiometry involving several rockets made from plastic Beral pipets.
Wilson, Byron J. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, A297.
Microscale Lab |
Stoichiometry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A flexible automated laboratory system for the qualitative analysis of selected metal cations   Blankenship, James F.; Costello, Steven; Sprouse, Matthew; Settle, Frank A., Jr.; Bolen, Rosina H.; Pleva, Michael A.
A flexible automated laboratory system for the qualitative analysis of selected metal cations: history, goals, experimental apparatus, software, and performance.
Blankenship, James F.; Costello, Steven; Sprouse, Matthew; Settle, Frank A., Jr.; Bolen, Rosina H.; Pleva, Michael A. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, A65.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Qualitative Analysis |
Metals
Inert atmosphere techniques for the microscale laboratory   Newton, Thomas A.
A system developed to introduce students to working under inert atmosphere.
Newton, Thomas A. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, A60.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods |
Microscale Lab
A chemistry degree program with computer science emphasis  Breneman, G. L.
Because computers are becoming one of the most essential pieces of equipment in chemistry, Eastern Washington University felt that it was appropriate to establish a special degree program within chemistry that emphasized computer science.
Breneman, G. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 832.
Administrative Issues |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Student / Career Counseling
Inexpensive gas law apparatus  Garrett, D. D.; Banta, M. C.; Arney, B. E.
The apparatus described in this paper avoids the problems associated with mercury as well as eliminating the friction problems usually encountered with the disposable syringes having rubber plunger tips.
Garrett, D. D.; Banta, M. C.; Arney, B. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 667.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Acid rain experiment and construction of a simple turbidity meter  Betterton, Eric A.
Construction of a simple turbidity meter in order to furnish more atmospheric chemistry experiments in the freshman and sophomore level chemistry lab.
Betterton, Eric A. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 254.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Green Chemistry
An inexpensive safety shield from a plastic water jug  Fortman, John J.
A safeguard against the splattering of acids, bases, and organic liquids and the scattering of soft solids.
Fortman, John J. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 234.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Fume hood testing and evaluation  Saunders, G. Thomas
Common and correctable hood-system defects and acceptable methodology to check on hood containment.
Saunders, G. Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, A226.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Robots in the laboratory: Part II. An overview   Strimaitis, Janet R.
Recently progressive laboratory managers have recognized the potential of laboratory robotics to create a strategic advantage for their organizations.
Strimaitis, Janet R. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, A20.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Inexpensive alternative to purchasing immersion heaters  Garrett, D. Dewayne; Banta, M. C.
Plans for a $15 immersion heater.
Garrett, D. Dewayne; Banta, M. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 976.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A low-cost pipet aid  Hon, Ping-Kay
Converting a plastic desoldering pump into a pipet filler, pump, or adjustable autopipet.
Hon, Ping-Kay J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 896.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Simple and inexpensive wire-wrap tool  Williams, Howard P.; Cuccaro, Leslie
A simple and inexpensive tool for making wire-wrapped connections to a fragile, graphite electrode.
Williams, Howard P.; Cuccaro, Leslie J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 788.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Economical electrophoresis with a controlled-current power supply  Hartman, David R.; Courtney, William H.
Electrophoresis power supply that features a controllable current (0-90 mA, dc), the use of a common 120 V, ac power supply, and a materials cost of approximately $50.
Hartman, David R.; Courtney, William H. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 703.
Electrophoresis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science
A simple computerized gas chromatograph  Fox, John N.; Shaner, Robert A.
Transforming an Apple computer into a versatile gas chromatograph.
Fox, John N.; Shaner, Robert A. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 694.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Gas Chromatography |
Separation Science
Device to describe wave polarization  Nicolai, Lidia; Baron, Maximo
A device to show that any type of polarized wave (plane, circular, and elliptical) can be obtained from two coherent planar waves having their vibration planes perpendicular to each other.
Nicolai, Lidia; Baron, Maximo J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 647.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Photochemistry
A suggested improvement for the fabrication of low-cost manometers  Garrett, D. Dewayne; Banta, M. C.
A simple manometer is modified to improve readability and mechanical stability.
Garrett, D. Dewayne; Banta, M. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 523.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple apparatus for stirring solutions contained in submerged, sealed vessels  Grinstead, John H., Jr.; Sullivan, Jack M.
The authors designed an apparatus which can simultaneously stir the contents of several submerged flasks from readily available materials.
Grinstead, John H., Jr.; Sullivan, Jack M. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 521.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solutions / Solvents
Experiments with "Calo-pH Meter"   Paris, Michel R.; Aymes, Daniel J.

Paris, Michel R.; Aymes, Daniel J. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 510.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Thermodynamics |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
An inexpensive device for collection of samples of water for dissolved oxygen determination without air contact   Favaretto, Lelio
This communication describes a simple and inexpensive device that permits the collection of water samples and fixation of dissolved oxygen by the Winkler method.
Favaretto, Lelio J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 509.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Development of a new design for multipurpose meter: "Calo-pH Meter"   Paris, Michel R.; Aymes, Daniel J.; Poupon, Rene; Gavasso, Roland
The purpose of this article is to describe the design of a common box that can be turned into a simple voltmeter, a pH meter, or a calorimeter.
Paris, Michel R.; Aymes, Daniel J.; Poupon, Rene; Gavasso, Roland J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 507.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry |
pH |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
An inexpensive laboratory steam generator  Hagen, James P.; Barton, Kevin L.
The authors have devised an inexpensive, more efficient, safer heat source suitable for laboratories not equipped with house steam.
Hagen, James P.; Barton, Kevin L. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 448.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simple method for drying an NMR spinner air supply  Holden, Michael S.; Ogren, Paul J.; Lainhart, Steven D.
A simple alternative to a commercial dryer is a modified cold trap.
Holden, Michael S.; Ogren, Paul J.; Lainhart, Steven D. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 445.
NMR Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Use of a convenient disposable filter "tip" with a Pasteur filter pipet for microscale laboratory techniques   Rothchild, Robert
The filter "tip" consists of a small wad of cotton packed into a short length of polyethylene tubing, with an inner diameter selected to fit over the tip of the Pasteur pipet.
Rothchild, Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 425.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A homemade stirring bar for magnetic stirrers  Li, Xiaorong; Chang, James C.
Inexpensive stirring bars can be made by sealing iron wire into pieces of glass tubing.
Li, Xiaorong; Chang, James C. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 346.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Magnetic Properties
Construction and evaluation of an inexpensive reference electrode with internal electrolyte in agar matrix  Victoria, Leandro; Ortega, M. Gloria; Ibanez, Jose A.
In this paper the authors show how to construct a reference electrode of Ag/AgCl with an internal electrolyte in agar matrix.
Victoria, Leandro; Ortega, M. Gloria; Ibanez, Jose A. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 179.
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple apparatus to demonstrate differing gas diffusion rates (Graham's law)  Keller, Philip C.
The apparatus described in this note dramatically demonstrates relative diffusion rate effects for common gases like methane and carbon dioxide.
Keller, Philip C. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 160.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science
A simple and inexpensive student viscometer  Daignault, L. G.; Jackman, D. C.; Rillema, D. P.
The authors assembled a simple Ostwald type of viscometer for use in high school and college or university general chemistry laboratories that can be constructed from readily available chemistry stockroom materials.
Daignault, L. G.; Jackman, D. C.; Rillema, D. P. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 81.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An automatic water trap for steam distillation  Ruekberg, Ben
The unpleasant aspects of the water trap can be avoided with a simple, inexpensive device that renders the water trap automatically selfdraining.
Ruekberg, Ben J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 66.
Separation Science |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Synthesis-laboratory fumehoods: Easy, reliable performance evaluation and importance of sash design  Adams, John B., Jr.
Performance evaluation of laboratory fume hoods.
Adams, John B., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, A289.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Computers and balances   Brubaker, George R.; Alber, Larry L.
As electronic balances replace mechanical balances in teaching institutions, balance instruction must change from applied classical mechanics to principles of calibration.
Brubaker, George R.; Alber, Larry L. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, A116.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Robots in the laboratory- An overview   Strimatis, Janet R.
Automation permits laboratories to maintain high-quality results while increasing productivity and creating more challenging work for technical personnel.
Strimatis, Janet R. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, A8.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A precise determination of absolute zero  Strange, Ronald S.; Lang, Frank T.
Excellent extrapolations to absolute zero can be obtained for dry air using a simple apparatus constructed from an Erlenmeyer flask, an oil manostat and a plastic syringe.
Strange, Ronald S.; Lang, Frank T. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 1054.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An easy model for teaching mass / charge in mass spectrometry  de Souza, Nelson Angelo; Bravo, Ruiess Van Fossen
A model for the demonstration of ion deflection by the action of a magnet that is occurring inside of a tube of a mass spectrometer.
de Souza, Nelson Angelo; Bravo, Ruiess Van Fossen J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 1039.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Multiport student spectrometer  Bishop, Carl B.
A spectrometer that can be used simultaneously by seven students to observe a single spectrum emitted by an element of compound in a single light tube against a calibrated screen.
Bishop, Carl B. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 1037.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Atomic Properties / Structure
Dropper hangers that can be easily constructed by students  Singh, Saranjit; Singh, Amarjit
Dropper hangers that can be easily constructed by students.
Singh, Saranjit; Singh, Amarjit J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 967.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Construction of a photoelectric colorimeter and application to students' experiments (Part 2)  Matsuo, Tsutomu; Muromatsu, Akihiko; Katayama, Kazuko; Mori, Minako
Applications include the quantitative analysis of copper in brass, the analysis of iron in spinach and tea leaves, and the determination of the acid dissociation constant of bromothymol blue.
Matsuo, Tsutomu; Muromatsu, Akihiko; Katayama, Kazuko; Mori, Minako J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 848.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis |
Acids / Bases |
Dyes / Pigments
High-efficiency condenser for low-boiling liquids and gases  Ali, Saqib; Mazhar, M.
Constructing a high-efficiency condenser for low-boiling liquids and gases using a 2 L plastic bottle.
Ali, Saqib; Mazhar, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 786.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Liquids |
Physical Properties
An offset device for interfacing pen recorders to meters  Davey, David E.; Hall, Robin D.; Mulcahy, Dennis E.; O'Connell, Gregory R.
An external offset device for interfacing strip-chart pen recorders to meters.
Davey, David E.; Hall, Robin D.; Mulcahy, Dennis E.; O'Connell, Gregory R. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 784.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A novel drying/storage rack for volumetric glassware  Williams, Howard P.; Graves, Felicia B.
A drying / storage rack made from wooden dowel rods and plywood.
Williams, Howard P.; Graves, Felicia B. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 771.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Obtaining the Corning catalytic combustor: A low-cost method to demonstrate catalysis  Brodemus, John S.
Corning Glassworks is making the Corning Catalytic Combuster Demo Kit available to teachers.
Brodemus, John S. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 768.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Catalysis
Tilted TOPS: Inclined plane projection  Alyea, Hubert N.
Device to support various containers on an overhead projector so gas-generating reactions may be clearly observed.
Alyea, Hubert N. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 765.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A clinical digital thermometer for calorimetry  Hon, Ping-Kay
Modifying an inexpensive clinical thermometer for making thermochemical measurements.
Hon, Ping-Kay J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 695.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Better vacuum filtration with bicycle tube  Ali, Saqib
Using a bicycle tube to improve vacuum filtration.
Ali, Saqib J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 693.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A versatile compact reference electrode  Kusuda, Kousuke
Construction of a compact saturated calomel electrode.
Kusuda, Kousuke J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 531.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
Transformation of old two-electrode polarographs into three-electrode systems  Papadopoulos, N.; Linardis, P.
In this work a simple circuit is proposed that can transform a two-electrode polarograph into a three-electrode system.
Papadopoulos, N.; Linardis, P. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 419.
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Another View of the Visible Spectrum  Hanrahan, E.S.
Chalk can be used with a Spectronic 20 to view the visible spectrum.
Hanrahan, E.S. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 359.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Using a Dumas bulb to determine the molecular weight of a volatile liquid   Kawa, Christopher J.
The use of an aspirator improves the filling and emptying process of a Dumas bulb.
Kawa, Christopher J. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 336.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Liquids
Preparation and cleaning of low-cost plastic manometers  Pollnow, Gilbert F.
The author has developed an improved unbreakable manometer.
Pollnow, Gilbert F. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 333.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Construction of a photoelectric colorimeter and application to students' experiments  Matsuo, Tsutomu; Muromatsu, Akihiko; Katayama, Kazuko; Mori, Minako
The PEC is an instrument that examines quantitatively the color change in the solutions.
Matsuo, Tsutomu; Muromatsu, Akihiko; Katayama, Kazuko; Mori, Minako J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 329.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis
A simple explanation of the salt water oscillator  Noyes, Richard M.
Yoshikawa et al. have described a simple device that undergoes repeated oscillations and that can also illustrate some of the principles essential to the oscillators driven by chemical reactions.
Noyes, Richard M. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 207.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Thermodynamics |
Equilibrium
Amusement with a salt-water oscillator  Yoshikawa, Kenichi; Nakata, Satoshi; Yamanaka, Masahiro; Waki, Takeshi
Rhythmic oscillations of water flow are generated when a vertically oriented hypodermic syringe, with the plunger removed, is filled with salt water and partially submerged in a beaker of pure water.
Yoshikawa, Kenichi; Nakata, Satoshi; Yamanaka, Masahiro; Waki, Takeshi J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 205.
Thermodynamics |
Equilibrium |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple apparatus for maintaining low temperature  Ansari, M. Shahid; Saleem, M.
The apparatus has provided fairly constant temperatures in the range of 265 - 140 K.
Ansari, M. Shahid; Saleem, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 180.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive PVC infrared cell holder  McDevitt, Eugene J.
Inexpensive PVC infrared cell holder.
McDevitt, Eugene J. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 177.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Zero-cost polystyrene film for IR spectroscopy  Fain, D.
The transparency section of many envelopes used for correspondence consists of a polystyrene film suitable for IR spectroscopy.
Fain, D. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 171.
IR Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive and easily constructed device for quantitative conductivity experiments   Rettich, Timothy R.; Battino, Rubin
The low cost and easily replaced electrodes make this system practical for use in a general chemistry lab, while its accuracy and wide applicability permit its use in physical or quantitative chemistry experiments.
Rettich, Timothy R.; Battino, Rubin J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 168.
Quantitative Analysis |
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Recycling polyester tennis ball containers  Greenberg, Fred H.
Abandoned polyester tennis ball containers that accumulate on campus tennis courts may be used in the undergraduate laboratory as dispensing or storage receptacles for a variety of items.
Greenberg, Fred H. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 167.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Miniware for galvanic cell experiments  Craig, Norman C.; Ackermann, Martin N.; Renfrow, William B.
The authors use a simple miniware design of a galvanic cell that is less expensive and time consuming.
Craig, Norman C.; Ackermann, Martin N.; Renfrow, William B. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 85.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials
A simple method for purifying silica gel for column chromatography  Guarconi, Antonio E.; Ferreira, Victor F.
A quick and efficient way to get maximum use out of silica gel.
Guarconi, Antonio E.; Ferreira, Victor F. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 891.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Chromatography |
Separation Science
The interconversion of electrical and chemical energy: The electrolysis of water and the hydrogen oxygen fuel cell  Roffia, Sergio; Conciallini, Vittorio; Paradisi, Carmen
The authors discuss some common drawbacks to typical electrolysis demonstrations and present an apparatus that overcomes these drawbacks.
Roffia, Sergio; Conciallini, Vittorio; Paradisi, Carmen J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 272.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Stoichiometry |
Electrochemistry
Introductory laboratory exercises  Rollinson, Susan Wells
A description of exercises used for the first two weeks of General Chemistry that minimize the individual equipment used so as to avoid problems that commonly occur with the fluctuation of course enrollment that happens in the beginning of the semester.
Rollinson, Susan Wells J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 159.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Laboratory HVAC systems: A troika  Walls, Earl L.
Laboratory workers are almost totally ignorant of what their HVAC systems are all about and what they can expect from them.
Walls, Earl L. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, A314.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Upgrading laboratory fume hoods  Saunders, G. Thomas
Overview of the design, location, use, and maintenance of fume hoods.
Saunders, G. Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, A272.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
The History and Preservation of Chemical Instrumentation (Stock, John T.; Orna, Mary Virginia)  Kauffman, George B.
18 papers presented on the title subject presented at the 190th meeting of the American Chemical Society in Chicago in September of 1985.
Kauffman, George B. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, A27.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Oven drying of volumetric glassware  Burfield, David R.; Hefter, Glenn
Quantifies the effect of heat treatment on the capacity of volumetric glassware.
Burfield, David R.; Hefter, Glenn J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 1054.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An inexpensive device for projecting, measuring, and moving gas  Wojt, Richard
Using disposable plastic syringes to generate, measure, move, and dry gases.
Wojt, Richard J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 1052.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases
Difficult repairs in glassware made feasible via an inexpensive (no cost) glass lathe  Stransky, Carl; Estler, Ron
Adapting a rotary evaporator as a glass lathe.
Stransky, Carl; Estler, Ron J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 967.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A free plastic spot plate for overhead demonstration  Marsh, Carol Goodgame
The nearest hospital or clinical laboratory is a potential source for many disposable items that can be useful to chemistry teachers.
Marsh, Carol Goodgame J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 964.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Rendering stoppers almost uncontaminatable  Ruekberg, Benjamin P.
Preventing contamination of flat top and penny-head stoppers.
Ruekberg, Benjamin P. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 724.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A device to demonstrate the principles of photometry and three experiments for its use  Delumyea, R. Del
Design, construction, and use of a simple photometer that can be used in place of a Spec 20; includes three experimental procedures applying the instrument.
Delumyea, R. Del J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 630.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Easily made electronic device for conductivity experiments  Gadek, Frank J.
Simple device made from a 35-mm film canister, 9-V battery and leads, resistor, and LED.
Gadek, Frank J. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 628.
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
Easy demonstration of the visible spectrum using the Spectronic 20  Sherman, Marie
This demonstration can be performed to provide a relation between wavelength measurements on the Spec 20 and the actual colors of light being used.
Sherman, Marie J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 627.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Safe and reliable electrode storage  Williams, Howard P.
A container that prevents evaporation and keeps electrodes ready for use.
Williams, Howard P. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 556.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Electrochemistry |
Ion Selective Electrodes
Conductivity of solutions apparatus  Vitz, Ed
Design of simple device to demonstrate the conductivity of aqueous solutions using a pair of LED's.
Vitz, Ed J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 550.
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A safe cell for viewing the critical point of CO2  Botch, Beatrice; Battino, Rubin
Design, construction, and use of a safe cell for viewing the critical point of CO2.
Botch, Beatrice; Battino, Rubin J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 347.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Gases |
Liquids
Consider safety as an active process  Mehlhaff, L. C.; Berry, Keith O.
Safety considerations for physical facilities, laboratory equipment, experiments, and the operation of the laboratory.
Mehlhaff, L. C.; Berry, Keith O. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 346.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An apparatus for sample degassing and sealing  Nicodem, David E.; Marchiori, Roberto
Device that allows the preparation and sealing of low-cost test tubes by inexperienced students.
Nicodem, David E.; Marchiori, Roberto J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 282.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Photochemistry
A commercially available electronic device for conductivity experiments  Gadek, Frank J.
Application of a continuity and tone-generating chassis in a variety of conductivity experiments, particularly for hearing or visually impaired students.
Gadek, Frank J. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 281.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Conductivity |
Minorities in Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
A rotating schedule for teaching basic techniques with minimum equipment  Reed, Andree Prigoda
Invaluable lab experiences are loosing ground, often sacrificed due to the growing cost of lab equipment. This author shares some strategies for making the most out of the lab equipment you have.
Reed, Andree Prigoda J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 1079.
Administrative Issues |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
The Nebraska instrument sharing consortium  Smith, David H.
A small group of colleges have banded together to solve one of the pressing problems in chemical education today- how to provide modern instrumentation to students at an affordable price.
Smith, David H. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 68.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
NMR Spectroscopy |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Updating older fume hoods  Saunders, G. Thomas
Modifying older fume hoods to comply with new regulatory requirements.
Saunders, G. Thomas J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, A178.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Making Science Laboratory Equipment (Carelse, X. F.)  Sievers, Dennis
Methods needed to produce quality laboratory materials in developing nations.
Sievers, Dennis J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, A140.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Idea Bank Collation: A Handbook for Science Teachers (Talesnick, Irwin ed.)  Mikan, Frank
617 ideas including experiments, demonstrations, and laboratory equipment.
Mikan, Frank J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, A140.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive developing chamber for radial chromatography  Gadwood, Robert C.
Design and advantages of a radial chromatography chamber.
Gadwood, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 820.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Chromatography |
Separation Science
Construction of corrosion resistant, inexpensive lab lattices  Fisher, George H.; Levin, Arthur; Man, Eugene H.
Making corrosion resistant lab lattices from PVC pipe and fiberglass rods.
Fisher, George H.; Levin, Arthur; Man, Eugene H. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 819.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simple water-still alarm  Stock, John T.
An alarm to prevent overflow of a carboy filled by a steam-heated still.
Stock, John T. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 814.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Quick conductivity cell  Williams, Howard P.
A simple cell for indicating the relative conductivity of electrolytes, nonelectrolytes, and weak electrolytes.
Williams, Howard P. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 799.
Electrochemistry |
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
An inexpensive laboratory pump  Aymes, Daniel J. M.; Poupon, Ren; Paris, Michel R.
Design for a small pump for moving low flow rates of aqueous or organic solutions.
Aymes, Daniel J. M.; Poupon, Ren; Paris, Michel R. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 717.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A two-liter pipet for bomb calorimetry  Stout, Roland P.
A 2-L volumetric flask modified to deliver a constant volume of water at a constant temperature.
Stout, Roland P. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 634.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A convenient DC power source for laboratory applications  Rose, Emily J.; Shoer, Larry I.
Using small ac adapters to replace bulky dc power supplies.
Rose, Emily J.; Shoer, Larry I. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 620.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Preventing breakage of crucible lids  Adock, Louis H.
Supporting and safeguarding crucible lids inclined on a ceramic triangle.
Adock, Louis H. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 609.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An inexpensive mercury vapor lamp  Sands, Richard D.
Using a street lamp from a local hardware store.
Sands, Richard D. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 526.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Simple limewater maker  Prochaska, James F.
Uses gravity to separate the insoluble precipitate when preparing limewater.
Prochaska, James F. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 437.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Precipitation / Solubility
An economical round bottom-flask stand  Lee, Albert W. M.; Lau, Man-Yiu
Using the bottom of 1.25-L and 2-L soft drink bottles.
Lee, Albert W. M.; Lau, Man-Yiu J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 433.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple, inexpensive gas discharge/cathode ray tube  Weichman, Roger L.
A gas discharge / cathode ray tube made from a condenser jacket and two large nails.
Weichman, Roger L. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 340.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simplified Dumas flask  Hadley, Fred J.
Using glass tubing as a simple Dumas flask.
Hadley, Fred J. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 268.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases
An atomizer for a dime  Vergara, J. L.; Kreman, M. E.; Zamighi, G. A.; Simon, S. A.
A simple, inexpensive atomizer constructed from a 1-mL disposable pipet tip.
Vergara, J. L.; Kreman, M. E.; Zamighi, G. A.; Simon, S. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 244.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple apparatus for laboratory dry ice production  Ahn, Myong-Ku; Kjonaas, Richard A.
A collection bag attached to a cylinder of liquid CO2.
Ahn, Myong-Ku; Kjonaas, Richard A. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 90.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple polarimeter and experiments utilizing an overhead projector  Dorn, H. C.; Bell, H.; Birkett, T.
Design and application of an overhead polarimeter that relies on small amounts of chiral solution and provides a "dual beam" light source for direct comparison of plane-polarized light emerging from chiral and achiral media.
Dorn, H. C.; Bell, H.; Birkett, T. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 1106.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Chirality / Optical Activity |
Stereochemistry |
Molecular Properties / Structure
An inexpensive thermistor thermometer for beginning chemistry laboratories  Srivastava, Shyam B.; Meloan, Clifton E.
Design of a thermistor thermometer for heats-of-reaction measurements to 0.1C over short temperature ranges.
Srivastava, Shyam B.; Meloan, Clifton E. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 1027.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
The preparation of acid-base titration curves  McClendon, Michael
A simple technique for generating mechanically plotted titration curves using an electron pH meter and a low-voltage chart recorder.
McClendon, Michael J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 1022.
Acids / Bases |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis
An inexpensive, very high impedance digital voltmeter for selective electrodes  Caceci, Marco S.
Design and construction of an instrument that exceeds in accuracy and input impedance most expensive commercial pH meters and potentiometers.
Caceci, Marco S. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 935.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry |
pH
An alternative low-cost splash arrestor  Widener, R. K.
Using a plastic connecting tee to completely control splashing in laboratory sinks.
Widener, R. K. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 926.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Suitable light sources and spectroscopes for student observation of emission spectra in lecture halls  Hughes, Elvin, Jr.
Assembly of a simple, rugged spectroscope suitable for the lecture hall.
Hughes, Elvin, Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 908.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Atomic Properties / Structure
An inexpensive closure for dialysis tubing  Bambenek, Mark
Using plastic tubing and a glass rod as an inexpensive clamp for dialysis tubing.
Bambenek, Mark J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 889.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simple method for detecting cracks in porcelain crucibles  McKenna, Jack F.
Inspecting crucibles for cracks by tapping them with a glass stirring rod.
McKenna, Jack F. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 817.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A small electronic device for studying chemical kinetics  Prez-Rodriguez, A. L.; Calvo-Aguilar, J. L.
Studying rates of reactions with a small electronic device and an oscilloscope overcomes the difficulty students encounter in solving the differential equations describing chemical equilibrium.
Prez-Rodriguez, A. L.; Calvo-Aguilar, J. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 808.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Kinetics |
Rate Law
Cheap drying-oven thermometers  Smith, David H.
Using a household oven thermometer.
Smith, David H. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 712.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Low-cost immersion heaters for water baths  Battino, Rubin
Using commercially available hot water immersion heaters.
Battino, Rubin J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 563.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An inexpensive pipet-delivery device  Monti, Diego
An inexpensive pipet-delivery device for delivering corrosive products or solvents.
Monti, Diego J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 521.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Reducing funnel breakage  Sprague, Gary
Fitting long-stem funnels with rubber bumpers to reduce breakage.
Sprague, Gary J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 389.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive ring holders for round-bottomed flasks  Moffett, Jonathan H.; Poncini, Laurence; Wimmer, Franz L.
Using plastic lids, bottles, and tubing to hold round-bottomed flasks.
Moffett, Jonathan H.; Poncini, Laurence; Wimmer, Franz L. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 388.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Homemade lab equipment  Schmuckler, Joseph S.
Cites past Journal articles dealing with inexpensive equipment that can be constructed in the lab.
Schmuckler, Joseph S. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 385.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Homemade lab equipment  Schmuckler, Joseph S.
Cites past Journal articles dealing with inexpensive equipment that can be constructed in the lab.
Schmuckler, Joseph S. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 385.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Rubber bulb modification for pipetting  Davis, Joe B.
A simple modification to a rubber bulb to make it easier to insert a pipet.
Davis, Joe B. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 81.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The laboratory use of chemical instrumentation in the undergraduate chemistry curriculum  Pickral, George M.
The purpose of the study reported in this article is to determine present use of chemical instrumentation in the undergraduate chemistry curriculum of four-year colleges and universities in the United States. This is the first study to break down instrument usage into six course areas: general chemistry, organic, analytical, physical, integrated laboratories and research. [Includes "Introduction to Chemical Instrumentation," on the debut of the renewal of the series, under the editorship of Frank A. Settle, Jr.]
Pickral, George M. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, A338.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An improvement for chromatography  Chiong, Hung-Cheh; Wang, Pei-Lin
A simpler setup for conducting chromatography experiments with colorless liquids.
Chiong, Hung-Cheh; Wang, Pei-Lin J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 419.
Chromatography |
Liquids |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An effective demonstration of some properties of real vapors  Metsger, D. Scott
The apparatus described in this article has been found by the authors to be the most effective in vividly illustrating the behavior of a nearly ideal gas to first year chemistry students.
Metsger, D. Scott J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 67.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Solids
Pinchcock pipetting  Horn, A. H.
Modification to make the mouth operation of the conventional pipet acceptable.
Horn, A. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 1041.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Data generation in the classroom  Blanco, Luis H.
A pendulum device for generating data for statistical analysis.
Blanco, Luis H. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 1028.
Chemometrics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Vapor pressure apparatus for general chemistry  Long, Joseph W.
A simple apparatus for collecting vapor pressure data; relies on a mercury manometer.
Long, Joseph W. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 933.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Gases
A convenient melting/freezing point depression apparatus  Singman, Charles; Sophianopoulos, Judy; Johnson, Ronald
Incorporates an easily read digital thermometer.
Singman, Charles; Sophianopoulos, Judy; Johnson, Ronald J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 682.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
Syringes as pipet fillers  Hermens, Richard A.
Using a syringe to draw liquids into a pipet.
Hermens, Richard A. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 676.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Simple control system for automated, multistage stills  Uphaus, R. A.; Kostka, A. G.
A system that uses LEDs to sense the water level in a still pot and control the rate of heat input to the still heating jackets.
Uphaus, R. A.; Kostka, A. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 674.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Water / Water Chemistry
Hot melt glue gun in the laboratory  Williams, Howard P.
Using a hot glue gun to make repairs in the laboratory.
Williams, Howard P. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 655.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A pipet/reagent stand  Garrett, James M.
Design of a combination pipet / reagent bottle stand.
Garrett, James M. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 436.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Potential uses for broken or worn-out glass or combination electrodes  Boring, Wayne C.; Winchell, Deborah L.
When a glass or combination electrode is no longer useful for pH measurements, it can be used in at least two ways.
Boring, Wayne C.; Winchell, Deborah L. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 425.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Electrochemistry
Flask support for weighings  Rothchild, Robert
A light-weight alternative for supporting round-bottomed flasks during massing.
Rothchild, Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 339.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Versatile, inexpensive support plates for the laboratory  Harris, Thomas D.
Constructing large support platforms from iron plates and plywood.
Harris, Thomas D. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 256.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
pH meter revisions  Eisnor, Charles R.
Two modifications to an earlier published design for an electronic pH meter.
Eisnor, Charles R. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 240.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH
Safety inserter tips  Talesnick, Irwin
Fit the end of "cork borers" for inserting glass tubing.
Talesnick, Irwin J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 168.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
DeVilbiss #33 atomizer  Henderson, Bro. Eric
Produces a very fine spray.
Henderson, Bro. Eric J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 168.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple semimicro distillation apparatus  Henin, F.; Hericher, M.; Muzart, J.
A small distillation unit for fractional distillation of small amounts of material under vacuum.
Henin, F.; Hericher, M.; Muzart, J. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 164.
Separation Science |
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A handy spirit lamp  Chaco, M. C.
Design for an alcohol burner.
Chaco, M. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 80.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Regulating the speed of a magnetic stirrer  Deckey, George
Diminishing the primary magnetic field of the stirring magnet with an aluminum plate.
Deckey, George J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 73.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Magnetic Properties
The construction of inexpensive digital pH meters  Warner, Brian D.; Boehme, Gerhard; Pool, Karl L.
Parts list and circuit diagram for a low-cost pH meter.
Warner, Brian D.; Boehme, Gerhard; Pool, Karl L. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 65.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH |
Acids / Bases |
Quantitative Analysis
Some like it hot  Cohen, Sheldon H.
Design of three homemade heating devices: a light bulb hot plate, an electric flask heater, and a voltage controller.
Cohen, Sheldon H. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 62.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Evaluation of asbestos fiber hazard from wire gauzes  Yager, Billy J.
Students are concerned with the use of wire gauzes due to their asbestos content.
Yager, Billy J. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, A134.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
High technology laboratory aids for visually handicapped chemistry students  Lunney, David; Morrison, Robert C.
This article will discuss the aids that use modern electronics technology to enable visually handicapped students to make accurate laboratory measurements and to interact independently with computers and scientific instruments.
Lunney, David; Morrison, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 228.
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Balloons and the teaching of chemistry  Dewhurst, F.; Dewhurst, F. R.
Balloons are a remarkably useful tool for the chemical educationalist. Balloons can not only provide cheap, safe, and easy-to-use alternatives to more complex and costly equipment, but also they can be used as effective teaching aids to demonstrate principles of structural chemistry.
Dewhurst, F.; Dewhurst, F. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 44.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive method to eliminate aspirator splashing  Niewahner, J. H.
Attaching rubber hose to the aspirator.
Niewahner, J. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 906.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An extra function for the manual temperature compensation control on pH meters  Eilbeck, W. John
The manual temperature compensation control on pH meters changes the RT/F slope.
Eilbeck, W. John J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 834.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH
Convenient freezing point depression apparatus  Marzzacco, Charles; Collins, Marie
Uses a magnetic stirrer to continuously mix the sample being measured.
Marzzacco, Charles; Collins, Marie J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 650.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
An adapter for heat gun drying of laboratory glassware  Eisenbraun, E. J.; Hall, Heinz
Adding a extended nozzle to a heavy-duty heat gun for drying laboratory glassware.
Eisenbraun, E. J.; Hall, Heinz J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 568.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A versatile and inexpensive pipet bulb  Deckey, George
Adding a tapered tip to a rubber pipet bulb to facilitate its ease of use.
Deckey, George J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 526.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Comparison of pipets: A laboratory experiment  May, Leopold
Students are required to report the accuracy and precision of various pipets.
May, Leopold J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 483.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Technique for controlling the filling rate of a pipet  Welty, Philip K.
Merely resting the tip of a pipet on the bottom of the container from which the sample is drawn substantially slows the filling rate.
Welty, Philip K. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 474.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Inexpensive pipet delivery device  Knevel, Adelbert M.
Placing a perforated micro test tube in a pipet bulb to facilitate its operation.
Knevel, Adelbert M. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 285.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Simple high precision laboratory valves from polyethylene tubing  Piel, Elmar
Various configurations for folded polyethylene tubing to be used as improvised valves.
Piel, Elmar J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 234.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An economical and efficient reflux/distillation apparatus  Marabella, Charles P.
A modified standard distillation head and vacuum takeoff adapter.
Marabella, Charles P. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 221.
Separation Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Magnetic stirring devices for use with overhead projectors  Battino, Rubin; DuFour, Howard R.; Scott, John L.
Designs for three magnetic stirrers that can be used on an overhead projector.
Battino, Rubin; DuFour, Howard R.; Scott, John L. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 184.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A substitute for mercury electrode contacts  Bradford, John L.
Substituting steel wool or copper turnings for mercury as electrode contacts.
Bradford, John L. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 159.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
Inexpensive pipet filter  Van Atta, Robert E.; Kamback, Dwight O.
A superior but inexpensive pipet filter relies on a rubber bulb and a simple bead/tube assembly.
Van Atta, Robert E.; Kamback, Dwight O. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 756.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A laboratory use for discarded plastic beverage bottles  Aronson, John N.
Converting 2-L plastic bottles into powder funnels and ice buckets.
Aronson, John N. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 476.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A passive nuclear debris collector  Griffin, John J.; Stevens, Ronald L.; Pszenny, Alexander A. P.; Russell, Irving J.
A simple collector that takes advantage of the ability of rain to remove trace radioactive substances from the lower atmosphere.
Griffin, John J.; Stevens, Ronald L.; Pszenny, Alexander A. P.; Russell, Irving J. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 475.
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Applications of Chemistry
Inexpensive buret tips and sample tubes  Denio, Allen A.
Substituting disposable polypropylene pipet tips for traditional glass tips.
Denio, Allen A. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 464.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Adapting polyethylene tubing in chemical apparatus assembly  Piel, Elmar
Low density polyethylene tubing with physical characteristics about midway between glass and rubber provides tubing that for many uses is superior to both.
Piel, Elmar J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 135.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
The standardization of pH meters: A comparison of procedures for different types of instruments  Lund, Walter
Discusses the various approaches to the standardization of pH meters and the limitations of the various procedures.
Lund, Walter J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 129.
Instrumental Methods |
pH |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Calibration |
Acids / Bases
Lab hint  Smith, Douglas D.
Using rubber eye-dropper bulbs to protect the glass ends of equipment.
Smith, Douglas D. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 47.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Construction of a novel sample holder for use in undergraduate IR spectroscopy experiments  Law, R.; Ronald, B. P.; Ferrin, L.; Pocker, Y.
The authors share a more economical solution for holding IR samples.
Law, R.; Ronald, B. P.; Ferrin, L.; Pocker, Y. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 508.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
General chemistry-pressure measurement   Steffel, Margaret J.
This question allows students to demonstrate the understanding of the operation of barometers and vapor pressure at a freshman level.
Steffel, Margaret J. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 102.
Gases |
Quantitative Analysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Rubber ruler for determination of Rf values for thin layer chromatography  Hiegel, Gene A.
The author shares a quick and simple method to aid in student reading of Rf values in TLC.
Hiegel, Gene A. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 59.
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive gouy balance for magnetic susceptibility determination  Viswanadham, Puligandla
In this activity, the student is introduced to the principles and preparation of a double pan balance and magnetic properties of materials simultaneously through a single experiment.
Viswanadham, Puligandla J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 54.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Versatile and inexpensive lens holder for optics experiments  Spirk, Sherman A.; Friedrich, Donald M.
A simple and versatile lens holder that can be constructed from readily available parts.
Spirk, Sherman A.; Friedrich, Donald M. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 768.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Wash bottle for volatile solvents  Goetz, Rudolph
Modifying conventional wash bottles to make them practical for volatile solvents.
Goetz, Rudolph J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 634.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Aspirator trap bottle assembly  Greenberg, Fred H.
Suggests an aspirator consisting tape-wrapped, quart milk bottle in hollow, concrete block.
Greenberg, Fred H. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 611.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Simple glass connector for Teflon tubing  Peterson, John I.; Dehn, William R.
A simple means of making connections between sections of Teflon tubing.
Peterson, John I.; Dehn, William R. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 547.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Versatile pen-holder for chart recorders  Nieschlag, Henry J.
Using a small binder clip as a versatile pen-holder for chart recorders.
Nieschlag, Henry J. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 542.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Porcelain square-n-triangle for the support of a crucible and its lid  Naik, Datta V.
A porcelain support for the crucible as well as the lid.
Naik, Datta V. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 497.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Gravimetric Analysis
Lecture demonstration digital multimeter  Myers, Gardiner H.; Dugan, Robert J.
Plans for a Lecture Demonstration Digital Multimeter used to measure and display electric potential, current, temperature, pressure, and pH.
Myers, Gardiner H.; Dugan, Robert J. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 495.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH |
Electrochemistry
Inexpensive +5V digital power supply  Jespersen, Neil
Using "battery eliminator" devices as inexpensive power supplies.
Jespersen, Neil J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 460.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Ear syringe pipetting bulb  Hanson, Richard H.
Using ear syringes as pipet bulbs.
Hanson, Richard H. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 434.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Technique for simultaneously stirring and monitoring the temperatures of semimicro reaction mixtures  Lutz, Wilson B.
The stirring blade and thermometer are combined into a single rotating unit.
Lutz, Wilson B. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 356.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Inexpensive solvent storage cabinet that meets OSHA requirements  Taylor, Paul J.
A wooden, solvent storage cabinet.
Taylor, Paul J. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 347.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Convenient and inexpensive laboratory jack  Rakoff, Henry
A modified, small hydraulic jack.
Rakoff, Henry J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 320.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Magnetic stirrers of local construction  Hall, Heinz; Eisenbraun, E. J.
Design of a magnetic stirrer that is housed in a protective housing for improved safety.
Hall, Heinz; Eisenbraun, E. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 229.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Low-cost, repeating, precision pipetter for student use  Peirson, David R.
The Cornwall pipetter is ideal for use in teaching laboratories where it can provide safe, rapid, precision pipetting of most liquids.
Peirson, David R. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 173.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Modification to LED colorimeter  Atkinson, G. F.
Suggestions for improvements to the LED colorimeter described in the cited article.
Atkinson, G. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 66.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Lab safety: The case of the errant cylinder   Ozaruk, N.
The anchoring of compressed gas cylinders to keep them from being knocked over, with the accompanying possibility of breaking off the valve, is an accepted safe practice. However, there has been some skepticism as to what would have happened if a cylinder valve was knocked off. The author shares a vivid description that appeared in the National Safety Council Chemical Section Newsletter. Also: a high school safety rules booklet; a hazardous materials safety booklet; and wall charts on Laboratory Techniques and Laboratory Safety.
Ozaruk, N. J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 373.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Gases
LXXXVII. DC power supplies for the laboratory [part one]  Ewing, Galen W.
Reviews the characteristics of commercial power supplies for the laboratory.
Ewing, Galen W. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, A537.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simple and inexpensive eye irrigation fountain  Dewald, R. R.; Haas, T. E.; Norder, W. A.
Design for a simple and inexpensive eye irrigation fountain.
Dewald, R. R.; Haas, T. E.; Norder, W. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 810.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simple flask rinser  Everson, Robert J.
Design for a simple flask rinser.
Everson, Robert J. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 789.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Two simple modifications of the common type of metal filterpump  Hartman, Karel; Towner, William H.
Two simple modifications to reduce problems with the common type of metal filterpump.
Hartman, Karel; Towner, William H. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 786.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An alternate method for the storage of scientific glassware  Haynes, LeRoy W.; Beyerle, Elmer B.
Using packing peanuts to store glassware.
Haynes, LeRoy W.; Beyerle, Elmer B. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 657.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Ion-exchange resins - A simple apparatus  Morelli, Basilio; Lampugnani, Leonardo
A modified procedure and apparatus for speeding up the use of ion-exchange resins.
Morelli, Basilio; Lampugnani, Leonardo J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 572.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Ion Exchange |
Separation Science
A simple sample holder for use in thermostat tanks  Greig, D. G. T.
Using a floating platform to support samples in a thermostated water bath.
Greig, D. G. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 549.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Protective cover for glass electrodes  DeWitt, H. D.
Slipping a piece of perforated vinyl tubing over the end of a glass electrode.
DeWitt, H. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 498.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH |
Acids / Bases
The gooseneck clamp  Wilson, S. R.
Making a gooseneck clamp by welding together an old lamp gooseneck and a clamp.
Wilson, S. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 407.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Modification of a constant flow buret  Sturtevant, Floyd; Hartman, Kenneth
Modification and testing of an earlier presented design for of a constant flow buret.
Sturtevant, Floyd; Hartman, Kenneth J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 393.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Acids / Bases |
Quantitative Analysis
An inexpensive pipetting device  Racusen, David
Using a bulb as an inexpensive pipetting device.
Racusen, David J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 386.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Improving the speed control of magnetic stirrers  Eikenberry, Eric F.
A sheet of aluminum placed on top of a magnetic stirrer improves its control without otherwise affecting its operation.
Eikenberry, Eric F. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 385.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive laboratory jack apparatus for undergraduate laboratories  Power, L. F.; Bedford, H.
A very simple and low cost design for a laboratory jack.
Power, L. F.; Bedford, H. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 348.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Meso analysis  Janardhan, P. B.
Description of equipment and procedures for chemical analysis on a semimicro scale.
Janardhan, P. B. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 333.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Microscale Lab
A Vidicon detection system for teaching absorption spectroscopy  Richtol, H. H.; Nelson, D. L.; Reeves, R. R.
Describes the conversion of a television system into an absorption spectrograph that can be used as a live demonstration.
Richtol, H. H.; Nelson, D. L.; Reeves, R. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 218.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Spectroscopy
A simple gas chromatograph for teaching purposes  Wollrab, Adalbert
A simple apparatus for demonstrating the separation of a mixture of pentane and hexane gas.
Wollrab, Adalbert J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 200.
Chromatography |
Gas Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science |
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Gases
Converting a television system into a quantitative atomic emission spectrograph  Richtol, H. H.; Reeves, R. R.; Nelson, D. L.
The conversion involves placing a transmission grating over the lens of a television camera that is focussed on a discharge tube.
Richtol, H. H.; Reeves, R. R.; Nelson, D. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 198.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An easily fabricated pH cell  Hendrixson, R. R.
A pH cell for use in titration experiments where the solution should be protected from the air.
Hendrixson, R. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 109.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH |
Quantitative Analysis |
Acids / Bases |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
A variable volume, problem-free repetitive pipet  Blackman, David.; Sanchez, Guillermo
Describes a variable volume, repetitive pipet that does not react adversely with liquid reagents.
Blackman, David.; Sanchez, Guillermo J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 851.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple recording titrator  Walton, Harold F.
Design and use of a simple recording titrator.
Walton, Harold F. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 795.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis
A semimicro salt bridge  McCullough, Thomas, C. S. C.
Using capillary U-tubes as semimicro salt bridges.
McCullough, Thomas, C. S. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 781.
Electrochemistry |
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive improvement of single pan balances  McKay, Edward S.; Vasers, Alise
Reducing the abuse of single pan, automatic balances by attaching plastic stops on either side of the operating lever.
McKay, Edward S.; Vasers, Alise J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 710.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Capital equipment breakage liability  Brooks, David W.
Recommends to treat capital equipment breakage liability as a part of consumable expense.
Brooks, David W. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 662.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simplified undergraduate calorimetry experiment  Bartle, K. D.; Osborn, P. M.
A glass calorimeter for determining ?H for the neutralization of a strong acid with a strong base.
Bartle, K. D.; Osborn, P. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 637.
Acids / Bases |
Reactions |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Micro hot stage  Klimis, Dorothy J.; Tibbetts, Donald L.
A micro hot stage for determining the melting points of very small quantities.
Klimis, Dorothy J.; Tibbetts, Donald L. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 576.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Microscale Lab
A stabilized linear direct reading conductance apparatus. The solvolysis of t-butyl chloride  Cyr, T.; Prudhomme, J.; Zador, M.
A simple ac conductivity apparatus for experiments in chemical kinetics is described; the instrument is sufficiently reliable that it can be used by first year students and assembled in a few hours.
Cyr, T.; Prudhomme, J.; Zador, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 572.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods |
Electrochemistry |
Kinetics
Construction of a self-filling pycnometer in five minutes  McCullough, Thomas, C.S.C.
Procedure for constructing a self-filling pycnometer for precise determinations of the specific gravities of liquids.
McCullough, Thomas, C.S.C. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 546.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Liquids
A use for broken glass electrodes  Davidson, John E.
Once broken, the electrode can still be used as an indicator electrode for a potentiometric precipitation titration of silver or halide ions.
Davidson, John E. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 375.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Qualitative Analysis
An inexpensive magnetic stirrer  Ellis, J.; Kanamori, S.
Constructing a portable magnetic stirrer from an automobile windshield wiper motor.
Ellis, J.; Kanamori, S. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 137.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The helix coil transition of DNA  Steinert, Roger; Hudson, Bruce
The design and use of a photometer to detect the transition of DNA from the double helix to random coil form.
Steinert, Roger; Hudson, Bruce J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 129.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Photochemistry |
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An automatic laboratory flood-control system  Becsey, Julius G.; Froebe, Larry R.
Design of an automatic laboratory flood-control system.
Becsey, Julius G.; Froebe, Larry R. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 84.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Dry ice baths, the easy way  Land, H. Bruce III
Obtaining CO2 in syphon tube bottles and generating dry ice in the quantities needed on demand can eliminate many problems.
Land, H. Bruce III J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 78.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Student flowmeters and an air pollution experiment  Kohn, Harold W.
Using glass wool as an absorbent for atmospheric contaminants and three simple devices for measuring flow rates of gases.
Kohn, Harold W. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 643.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A safe, inexpensive heat source for undergraduate laboratories  Burshnick, E. J.; Roberts, R. M.; Monti, S. A.; McElwee, D. L.; Gilbert, J. C.
This heating source is flameless, highly efficient, safe, and easy to use.
Burshnick, E. J.; Roberts, R. M.; Monti, S. A.; McElwee, D. L.; Gilbert, J. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 623.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An inexpensive DC ohmmeter  Getzin, Donald R.
Design for an inexpensive DC ohmmeter.
Getzin, Donald R. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 442.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
A simple pressure applicator device for column chromatography  Chen, S. C.
Diagrams a simple pressure applicator for column chromatography.
Chen, S. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 318.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Chromatography
A cheap vibration-free base for sensitive balances  Ganesan, L. R.; Renganathan, S.
Using tennis balls sandwiched between two planks as a cheap vibration-free base for sensitive balances.
Ganesan, L. R.; Renganathan, S. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 201.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Increased utilization of electronic apparatus  Twigg, Martyn V.
It is possible to utilize more fully an electronic instrument by connecting it to several probes via a simple switch unit.
Twigg, Martyn V. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 191.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A very economical strip chart pen recorder  Quintana-Owen, Patricia; Nunez-Farias, Francisco; Taylor, Thomas E.
Design for a strip chart pen recorder constructed from an audio speaker core and a small fan motor.
Quintana-Owen, Patricia; Nunez-Farias, Francisco; Taylor, Thomas E. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 142.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple apparatus for teaching the principles of chromatography  Kellomaki, Aarre
A device that follows the elution of electrolytes through liquid column chromatography by continuously measuring the conductivity of the effluent.
Kellomaki, Aarre J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 139.
Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science
Protective lockout and tagging of equipment  Gatwood, G. T.
Examines purpose, responsibility, procedure, and violations with regards to the protective lockout and tagging of equipment.
Gatwood, G. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, A585.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A sealed stirring device  Vithanage, Cyril
The stirrer described here is very simple in design and can be used when a leakproof stirrer is required for enclosed chemical reactions.
Vithanage, Cyril J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 552.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Simple, inexpensive laboratory stirring motor  Sprague, Peter W.; Ziegler, Stanley
Describes a mechanical stirrer constructed from an electric motor and machined aluminum parts.
Sprague, Peter W.; Ziegler, Stanley J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 726.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A sealed stirring device  Vithanage, Cyril
The stirrer described here is very simple in design and can be used when a leakproof stirrer is required for enclosed chemical reactions.
Vithanage, Cyril J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 552.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Modification of the Fisher-Todd spectranal for student use  Knudson, George
The presented modifications to the Fisher-Todd spectranal allows first-year students to observe standards and unknowns quickly with minimum assistance by the instructor.
Knudson, George J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 308.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Spectroscopy
Polyethylene capillary pipets  Melrose, Floyd C.; Lyle, David L.
Presents a method for making long, flexible capillary pipets using ordinary polyethylene tubing.
Melrose, Floyd C.; Lyle, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 284.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A bridge-rectifier-milliammeter instrument for conductance studies  Nordmann, J.; Steinberg, Edwin
Modification of an earlier described instrument.
Nordmann, J.; Steinberg, Edwin J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 241.
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods
A simple colorimetry apparatus  Walsh, Joseph M.
Presents a simple apparatus to improve the technique and results in an introductory calorimetry experiment.
Walsh, Joseph M. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 202.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The correction for buoyancy using a single-pan balance  Burg, W. R.; Veith, D. A.
Derives the equation for buoyancy correction using a single-pan balance.
Burg, W. R.; Veith, D. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 192.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive easy-to-use, safe pipet filler  Spencer, Jesse G.
An inexpensive easy-to-use, safe pipet filler constructed from a rubber bulb and the tip of a polyethylene drying tube.
Spencer, Jesse G. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 166.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The control of temperature - Part two  van Swaay, Maarten
Focusses on the design, characteristics, and operation of thermocouples and thermistors.
van Swaay, Maarten J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, A565.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Management
The control of temperature - Part one  van Swaay, Maarten
Examines the design, characteristics, and operation of temperature controlling circuits.
van Swaay, Maarten J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, A515.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Baby bottles and elementary chemistry  Davenport, D. A.
Presents several experiments that rely on baby bottles, including Charles' Law expansion, vapor pressure of volatile liquids, molecular weights of volatile liquids, and closed-atmosphere experiments.
Davenport, D. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 878.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Gases |
Liquids |
Oxidation / Reduction
An inexpensive motor-driven buret  Hansen, Lee D.; Litchman, William M.; Lewis, Edwin A.; Allred, Ronald E.
Presents a design for as inexpensive motor-driven buret that relies on a micrometer syringe and a constant-speed electric motor.
Hansen, Lee D.; Litchman, William M.; Lewis, Edwin A.; Allred, Ronald E. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 876.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Laboratory Management
An inexpensive vacuum and gas handling system for the freshman laboratory  Zuehlke, R. W.; Cartier, P. G.
Presents an inexpensive vacuum and gas handling system for the freshman laboratory.
Zuehlke, R. W.; Cartier, P. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 874.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Gases
A convenient stencil for glass etching  Alix, Ernest C.
A procedure for etching glass using a mimeograph stencil and hydrofluoric acid.
Alix, Ernest C. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 863.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Transistorized power sources for constant current coulometric titration  Stock, John T.
This coulometric titrator uses a complementary pair of transistors to minimize heating affects and improve stability with respect to temperature; an example of experimental use for the apparatus is included.
Stock, John T. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 858.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis |
Instrumental Methods |
Electrochemistry
A versatile and compact chromatographic chamber  Lehrfeld, J.
This simple and inexpensive glass chamber facilitates thin-layer chromatography separations of a large number of samples within 5 minutes.
Lehrfeld, J. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 848.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science |
Thin Layer Chromatography
An attachment for semiautomatic melting point determination  Vogel, George
This simple yet rugged device notifies the experimenter when a small crystalline sample in a capillary tube first begins to melt.
Vogel, George J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 789.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Management
A simple method for recording with a conventional analytical balance  Charles, R. G.
Presents a simple and inexpensive device, based an a small Hall-effect transducer, for recording with an analytical balance.
Charles, R. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 787.
Magnetic Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A strong and inexpensive glass-to-metal seal  Benson, John E.; Garten, Robert L.
Short note on the use of epoxy cement as a strong and inexpensive glass-to-metal seal.
Benson, John E.; Garten, Robert L. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 766.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Thermometer safety  Pollara, Frank Z.
Breakage can be minimized and safety maximized if a serum-sleeve-type rubber stopper is substituted for the regular stopper when used to seal distillation flasks employed in general chemistry.
Pollara, Frank Z. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 644.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An improved equivalent weight apparatus  Brown, Oliver L.
Presents an improved apparatus for the reaction of weighed samples of metals with hydrochloric acid and the measurement of the volume of hydrogen evolved.
Brown, Oliver L. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 617.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Metals |
Laboratory Management |
Reactions |
Gases |
Stoichiometry
A simple amperostat for coulometric titration  Vincent, Colin A.; Ward, J. G.
Describes the circuit, assembly, and performance of a simple amperostat for coulometric titration.
Vincent, Colin A.; Ward, J. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 613.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Electrochemistry
A jig for making styrofoam molecular models  Conard, C. R.; Bent, H. E.
This jig allows holes to be produced quickly in spheres of many different sizes.
Conard, C. R.; Bent, H. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 492.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Molecular Modeling
Construction and uses of an inexpensive polarimeter  Vennos, Mary S.
Presents a design of an inexpensive polarimeter and its use to determine the specific rotation of sucrose and the concentration of an unknown sucrose solution.
Vennos, Mary S. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 459.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Photochemistry |
Chirality / Optical Activity |
Enantiomers |
Instrumental Methods |
Noncovalent Interactions
Integrated circuits in the instrumental laboratory  Scherer, George A.
A brief introduction to integrated circuits that exemplifies their use in instrumentation through the construction of a square wave generator, audio amplifier, decimal counting unit, and operational amplifier.
Scherer, George A. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 399.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods |
Semiconductors
Radioisotope generators for introductory laboratory use  Crater, H. L.; Macchione, J. B.; Gemmill, W. J.; Kramer, H. H.
Describes the use of simple radioisotope generators in 23 different experiments involving nuclear theory.
Crater, H. L.; Macchione, J. B.; Gemmill, W. J.; Kramer, H. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 287.
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Isotopes |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple safety device for unattended laboratory heating  DeJarlais, W. J.
Presents a design for a device for unattended laboratory heating.
DeJarlais, W. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 286.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A portable steam bath  Roswell, D. F.; Miller, M. P.; Zaczek, N. M.
Describes a portable steam bath heated by an immersion heater.
Roswell, D. F.; Miller, M. P.; Zaczek, N. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 236.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Polarimeter for an overhead projector  Frank, Forrest J.; Kidwell, Sharon M.
Describes the construction of a simple polarimeter designed to be mounted an an overhead projector.
Frank, Forrest J.; Kidwell, Sharon M. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 58.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive spot plate  Woelfel, Warren C.
Describes constructing disposable spot plates from Parafilm.
Woelfel, Warren C. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 56.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Apparatus for determining vapor density  Uglum, K. L.; Carson, L. M.; Riley, R. V.
Presents a simplified vapor-density experiment suitable for use as a freshman demonstration or an undergraduate physical chemistry experiment.
Uglum, K. L.; Carson, L. M.; Riley, R. V. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 203.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
Mini centrifuge  Janardhan, P. B.
Design of a simple, electric centrifuge well suited for semimicro work.
Janardhan, P. B. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 744.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab
A simple vacuum apparatus for lecture experiments  Peterson, L. K.; Ruddy, F. H.
Describes a simple vacuum apparatus and examples of its use in lecture situations.
Peterson, L. K.; Ruddy, F. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 742.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Liquids |
Physical Properties |
Transport Properties |
Stoichiometry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
A dual range direct current power supply for student use  Mowery, Dwight F., Jr.
Presents a design for and the performance of a dual range direct current power supply for student use.
Mowery, Dwight F., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 739.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
An apparatus for the investigation of Graham's law of effusion  Rice, Laurence A.; Chang, James C.
Modification of an earlier apparatus for the investigation of Graham's law of effusion and its applications.
Rice, Laurence A.; Chang, James C. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 676.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Transport Properties |
Gases
A durable flask for density measurements by students  Baker, Wilbur L.
This short note describes an inexpensive, durable flask for density measurements by students.
Baker, Wilbur L. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 531.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
An inexpensive, inert thermocouple probe  Meiser, John H.
An inexpensive, wide temperature range probe can be made easily from 1/8 inch stainless steel tubing commonly used for gas chromatography.
Meiser, John H. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 476.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple sprayer for quantitative thin-layer chromatography  Samuels, Stanley
A simple, inexpensive sprayer for chromatographic use that can be constructed by a student as a laboratory project.
Samuels, Stanley J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 438.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Thin Layer Chromatography |
Chromatography |
Separation Science
A simple and accurate dilatometer for liquids  Wagner, Robert E.; Meyer, Edwin F.
The density of a liquid as a function of temperature may be readily measured using this dilatometer.
Wagner, Robert E.; Meyer, Edwin F. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 349.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Liquids |
Physical Properties
A lecture room digital multimeter  Barnard, W. Robert.; Kelley, John C.; Gidden, Robert; Eberhardt, William H.
Presents a design for a lecture room digital multimeter and a lecture table manometer.
Barnard, W. Robert.; Kelley, John C.; Gidden, Robert; Eberhardt, William H. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 206.
Electrochemistry |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A calorimeter for general chemistry  Garin, D. L.
Suggests an insulated food jar as a durable and suitable calorimeter for general chemistry.
Garin, D. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 37.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Recent developments in calorimetry: Part two. Some associated measurements (cont.)  Wilhoit, Randolph C.
Examines the measurement of electricity, calorimetric standards, solution calorimetry, and specific types of calorimeters.
Wilhoit, Randolph C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A685.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Recent developments in calorimetry (continued) Part 2. Some associated measurements  Wilhoit, Randolph C.
Topics examined include thermocouples, resistance thermometers, thermistors, and quartz crystal thermometers.
Wilhoit, Randolph C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A629.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Explosion-proof electrical equipment  Ehrenkranz, T. E.
Details the hazardous location classifications for electrical equipment of the National Electrical Code.
Ehrenkranz, T. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A601.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Recent developments in calorimetry. Part 1. Introductory survey of calorimetry  Wilhoit, Randolph C.
Explores the scope and purpose of calorimetric investigation, types of calorimeters, areas of calorimetric investigation and the procedures and calculations involved.
Wilhoit, Randolph C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A571.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Avoiding parallax error when reading a mercury manometer  Carroll, H. L.
This short note describes a simple method employing graph paper to avoid parallax error when reading a mercury manometer.
Carroll, H. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 763.
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Construction of an inexpensive desiccator  Birdwhistell, R. K.
A short note on a simple desiccator made from a jar and electrical conduit.
Birdwhistell, R. K. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 667.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple distillation apparatus  Fenster, A. N.
This short note presents a modified Kugelrohr-type short-path distillation apparatus.
Fenster, A. N. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 660.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Accurate measurement of gas volumes by a soap-film method  Hello, O.
The measurement of small gas volumes can be greatly improved by using the soap-film apparatus described in this article.
Hello, O. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 568.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases
Letter to the editor  Jadd, Eugene C.
Describes the Teflon tubing "Flo-Tite."
Jadd, Eugene C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 486.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Automatic temperature control  Patton, J. W.
Provides a diagram for an automatic temperature control circuit.
Patton, J. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 422.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Diffusion-seal desiccator for student use  Turk, Amos; Turk, Jonathan
Describes an inexpensive desiccator that dispenses with the usual hermetic seal.
Turk, Amos; Turk, Jonathan J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 421.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A study of the silver tree experiment  Carmody, Walter R.; Wiersma, Jack
Examines the errors associated with and efforts to improve the results of the silver tree experiment.
Carmody, Walter R.; Wiersma, Jack J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 417.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Reactions
Microapparatus for demonstrating electrophoresis on paper  Stock, John T.; DeThomas, A. V.
This article describes a microapparatus for demonstrating electrophoresis on paper that is powered by a 9 V battery.
Stock, John T.; DeThomas, A. V. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 415.
Microscale Lab |
Electrochemistry |
Electrophoresis |
Separation Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple stand for the determination of alpha particle range  Borke, Mitchell L.
This short note describes a simple stand for the determination of alpha particle range and energy.
Borke, Mitchell L. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 390.
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Charles' Law: A general chemistry experiment  Haworth, Daniel T.
This paper describes an apparatus that can be used to determine the value of absolute zero.
Haworth, Daniel T. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 353.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The rest point of the balance  Hakala, Reino W.
Elaborates on the formula for finding the rest point of a balance.
Hakala, Reino W. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 306.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A laboratory method for teflon-to-glass connections  Krulfeld, M.
Describes a method of connecting Teflon tubing to glass or silica.
Krulfeld, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 303.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Liquid-liquid extraction  Joseph-Nathan, P.
Describes how liquid-liquid extraction can be done using commercially available substances and an apparatus of small dimensions that still allows an experiment to be followed visually.
Joseph-Nathan, P. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 176.
Separation Science |
Liquids |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Application of binary and ternary arithmetic to weighing problems  Lang, Sidney B.; Peck, Robert L.
The purpose of this paper is to illustrate some of the advantages of using a ternary system of weights on a two-pan balance and a binary system on a single-pan balance.
Lang, Sidney B.; Peck, Robert L. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 48.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Construction of an inexpensive constant temperature device  Walsh, Brother Joseph M.
Presents a design for a simple constant temperature device.
Walsh, Brother Joseph M. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 29.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Improvements in the Victor-Meyer  Bader, Morris
Two improvements in the Victor-Meyer have simplified the apparatus and greatly increased the accuracy of molecular weight determinations.
Bader, Morris J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 500.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Molecular Properties / Structure
The "Baggie" desiccator  Thompson, H. Bradford
Using a 400-ml beaker covered by a plastic baggie as a desiccator.
Thompson, H. Bradford J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 473.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The labstand: A successor to the ring stand  Rinquist, Olaf; Runquist, Alfonse; Senkler, George
A vertical pegboard replaces conventional ring stands.
Rinquist, Olaf; Runquist, Alfonse; Senkler, George J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 444.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Porous glass salt bridges  Durst, Richard A.
Describes the characteristics and applications of porous glass salt bridges.
Durst, Richard A. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 437.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
Manometric apparatus for vapor and solution studies  Taha, Ahmed A.; Grigsby, Ronald D.; Johnson, James R.; Christian, Sherril D.; Affsprung, Harold E.
Presents a device that can be sued to obtain vapor density and PVT measurements, vapor pressures of solutions and liquids, dew-point pressures and compositions, solubilities of gases in liquids, solubilities of slightly-miscible liquids, equilibrium constants for association reactions in solutions, interactions of vapors and gases with solids, and gas and vapor viscosities.
Taha, Ahmed A.; Grigsby, Ronald D.; Johnson, James R.; Christian, Sherril D.; Affsprung, Harold E. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 432.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents |
Gases |
Liquids |
Solids
Discarded "IV" bottles are useful  Ostrander, Charles
Discarded "IV" bottles are useful for dispensing solutions and reduce the chances of contamination.
Ostrander, Charles J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 379.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solutions / Solvents
Preventing spillage when pouring mercury  Carlton, Terry S.
A glass adapter of the type used in distillations has proved effective in preventing spillage during mercury transfers.
Carlton, Terry S. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 320.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Simple equipment for automatic potentiometric pH titrations  Olsen, Eugene D.
This paper describes a simple yet versatile apparatus employing a siphon pipet to deliver titrant solution automatically and accurately during the course of a titration.
Olsen, Eugene D. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 310.
pH |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Electrochemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Electrical conductance apparatus  Steinberg, Edwin E.; Nordmann, J.
A circuit diagram for an electrical conductance apparatus that is safe, accurate, and allows for qualitative measurements.
Steinberg, Edwin E.; Nordmann, J. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 309.
Electrochemistry |
Conductivity |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A broad-surface condenser  Schultz, Harry P.
Describes a light, broad-surface condenser made from two Pyrex watch glasses whose edges have been sealed to one another with epoxy.
Schultz, Harry P. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 272.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Short-range manometer  Miller, N. E.
Presents a design for an inexpensive, rugged, and accurate short-range manometer.
Miller, N. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 244.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Constant rate gas generator  Asakura, Shizuo
By reversing the usual procedure of a Kipp generator and dropping the liquid reagent onto the solid, a constant flow of gas may be obtained.
Asakura, Shizuo J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 203.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letter to the editor  Kruh, Daniel
Points out a possible alternative to multiple prolonged underwater magnetic stirrers in a constant temperature system.
Kruh, Daniel J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 46.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Compressed gas cylinders and cylinder regulators used in laboratories  Pinney, George
Presents safety guidelines regarding the use of compressed gas cylinders and cylinder regulators in laboratories.
Pinney, George J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, A976.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Gases
Laboratory design considerationsPart II  Steere, Norman V.
Considers ventilation, illumination, radioisotopes, egress, water supply, and miscellaneous laboratory design features.
Steere, Norman V. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, A665.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Isotopes
Emergency exhaust ventilation  Steere, Norman V.
Considers laboratory safety design standards and chemical safety in biological laboratories.
Steere, Norman V. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, A464.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Devices1965 kit  Alyea, Hubert N.
Lists the materials necessary for construction of thirteen basic TOPS devices.
Alyea, Hubert N. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, A461.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
The rest point of the balance  Crawford, Crayton M.
This paper offers a new method for determining the rest point of a balance.
Crawford, Crayton M. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 669.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Potentiometer for the general chemistry laboratory  Wood, Stanley E.; Anderson, C. B.
A circuit diagram is presented for a potentiometer used to verify the Nernst equation and investigate other electrochemical phenomenon.
Wood, Stanley E.; Anderson, C. B. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 659.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials
Conductance bridge for general chemistry laboratory  Anderson, C. B.; Wood, Stanley E.
Using the conductance bridge presented, students have determined the dissociation constant of acetic acid in water, and investigated the change upon dilution in the fraction dissociated.
Anderson, C. B.; Wood, Stanley E. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 658.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Direct current power supply suitable for freshman laboratory  Baker, Wilbur L.; Boozer, Charles E.
A full-wave silicon rectifier is designed as a direct current power supply suitable for freshman laboratory.
Baker, Wilbur L.; Boozer, Charles E. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 657.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Student potentiometer using a zener diode  Atkinson, George F.
Presents a circuit diagram for a student potentiometer using a zener diode.
Atkinson, George F. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 656.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
Improvised melting point apparatus  Rogers, F. E.
A simple substitute for the Fisher-Johns melting point apparatus can be improvised using Wood's alloy.
Rogers, F. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 619.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
An inexpensive immersion heater for an oil bath  Ault, Addison
A short note on an inexpensive immersion heater for an oil bath made from a resistor.
Ault, Addison J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 603.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An economical laboratory safety shield  Lutz, W. B; Gehres, D. W.
A laminated safety sheet available at automotive glass dealers is used as an economical laboratory safety shield.
Lutz, W. B; Gehres, D. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 535.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An exercise in glass manipulation: Preparation of a hypodermic syringe  Brasted, Robert C.
In order to familiarize students with glass manipulation, a hypodermic syringe is constructed.
Brasted, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 476.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A sensitive inexpensive thermometer  Slabaugh, W. H.
Presents a circuit diagram for a simple thermistor.
Slabaugh, W. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 467.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
Simple devices aid laboratory efficiency  Baker, Wilbur L.
Pictures of a sink strainer, balance cover, buret storage rack, and self-leveling buret support feet.
Baker, Wilbur L. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 457.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letters  Robertson, R. E.
Describes a safe solution to problems with squeeze bottles containing high vapor pressure liquids.
Robertson, R. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 457.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Liquids
Melting point apparatus  Brown, Richard K.
Describes a simple melting point apparatus that relies on a soldering iron element for heat.
Brown, Richard K. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 433.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Physical Properties
The laboratory ringstand problem and the UCLA solution  Robertson, G. Ross
Efforts to improve upon the standard laboratory ringstand.
Robertson, G. Ross J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 399.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple constant-flow device for use in titrimetric analysis  van Swaay, M.; Lolley, R. F.
Presents the design and an evaluation of performance for a simple constant-flow device for use in titrimetric analysis.
van Swaay, M.; Lolley, R. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 381.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Instrumental Methods
A modified condensing apparatus for both refluxing and distilling  Goddard, Charles; Henry, Malcolm C.
The condenser described here can be pivoted from a vertical position (refluxing) to one approximately horizontal (distilling) without having to switch the inlet and outlet condensor connections.
Goddard, Charles; Henry, Malcolm C. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 221.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Laboratory Management
Several designs for constructing potentiometers  Battino, Rubin
This paper describes several designs for constructing inexpensive potentiometers that possess a practical degree of precision.
Battino, Rubin J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 211.
Electrochemistry |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A gas scrubber for eliminating noxious vapors  Goddard, Charles; Henry, Malcolm C.
Presents an apparatus for preventing the escape of undesirable materials into the air.
Goddard, Charles; Henry, Malcolm C. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 136.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letter to the editor  Uebele, Curtis E.
Describes a simple method by which the effectiveness of magnetic stir bars may be greatly improved in solutions containing an undissolved solid.
Uebele, Curtis E. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 48.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Eye protection in laboratories  Steere, Norman V.
Reviews requirements for and issues related to eye protection in laboratories.
Steere, Norman V. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, A936.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
An improvised steam bath  Kaye, I. A.
Presents a design for a simple, inexpensive, and easily constructed heating bath.
Kaye, I. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 669.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Storage of scientific glassware in polystyrene  Hunter, I. R.; Walden, M. K.
Suggests preparing a foamed polystyrene sheet for the storage of laboratory glassware.
Hunter, I. R.; Walden, M. K. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 667.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simple direct current source for the laboratory  de Ita, Odon Sanchez; Urquiza, Manual
Presents a simple apparatus for the conversion of ac to dc.
de Ita, Odon Sanchez; Urquiza, Manual J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 655.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Nonvoiding plastic squeeze bottles  Harber, W. I.
A simple modification eliminates the problem of voiding in plastic squeeze bottles.
Harber, W. I. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 653.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple method of coating with polyethylene  Anderson, H. L.; Jones, F. R.; Wood, R. H.
Describes a process for coating metal containers (aluminum, copper, and stainless steel) with a thin layer of relatively inert polyethylene.
Anderson, H. L.; Jones, F. R.; Wood, R. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 638.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Hinged plate flask support  McAchran, Gerald E.
This brief note describes a simple alternative to a conventional iron ring.
McAchran, Gerald E. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 632.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive centrifuge for micro qualitative analysis  Gaddis, Shirley W.
Presents an inexpensive micro centrifuge.
Gaddis, Shirley W. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 625.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab |
Separation Science |
Qualitative Analysis
A constant-level device for water baths  Harlan, H. D.
A brief note regarding the application of a siphon as a constant-level device for water baths.
Harlan, H. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 614.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Pedestal for a substitution-type balance  Weaver, E. C.; Foster, Laurence S.
Presents a sturdy pedestal for a substitution-type balance that eliminates vibrations.
Weaver, E. C.; Foster, Laurence S. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 514.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Distilled water purity monitor using an ac polarization electrode  Freedman, R. W.; Radkoff, S.
Presents a circuit diagram for a distilled water purity monitor using an ac polarization electrode.
Freedman, R. W.; Radkoff, S. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 387.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive Littrow spectrograph  Thorn, Craig
A spectrograph of sufficient quality for introductory students need not be expensive is one is willing to construct it from readily available parts.
Thorn, Craig J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 209.
Spectroscopy |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Laboratory jack: Apparatus for undergraduate laboratories  Cordes, A. W.
Suggests use of a modified automobile jack.
Cordes, A. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 130.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Using variable voltage transformers to control heaters  Battino, Rubin
Presents a graph relating the wattage (heat output) to the voltage applied to a heater.
Battino, Rubin J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 104.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
SD-17 - Simplified TOPS kit (s-TOPS)  Alyea, Hubert N.
Lists 43 standard parts from which to construct fifteen devices to conduct 1500 TOPS experiments.
Alyea, Hubert N. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, A575.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A temperature sensitive stirring rod  Eddy, R. D.
Provides suggestions for research based on an earlier published article.
Eddy, R. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, A186.
Undergraduate Research |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A reaction tube for sodium and chlorine  Barnard, W. Robert
Describes reacting sodium and chlorine in Pyrex tubing.
Barnard, W. Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, A49.
Reactions |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Magnetic stirrer: Instrument for the freshman laboratory  Slabaugh, W. H.
Presents the design of a simple magnetic stirrer that can be mass produced.
Slabaugh, W. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 642.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Uses for rubber eye-dropper bulbs  Markowitz, Meyer M.; Boryta, Daniel A.
These simple diagrams present seven inventive uses for rubber eye-dropper bulbs.
Markowitz, Meyer M.; Boryta, Daniel A. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 482.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive spectrograph of moderately high resolution  Schoenbeck, Ralph; Tabbutt, Frederick D.
This article describes a spectrograph with a resolving power greater than 6000 that can easily be built for a minimal cost.
Schoenbeck, Ralph; Tabbutt, Frederick D. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 452.
Spectroscopy |
Instrumental Methods |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letters to the editor  Verbit, Lawrence P.
The author warns that only seamless Teflon-covered stirring bars should be used at elevated temperatures and reduced pressures.
Verbit, Lawrence P. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 92.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Beam protective device for an automatic analytical balance  Vollmer, Robert
Describes a device that will emit an audible signal if the door of an analytical balance is raised with the beam in an unarrested position.
Vollmer, Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 77.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Constant current power supply  Svec, Harry J.; Peterson, Norman C.
Provides a circuit diagram for a constant current power supply.
Svec, Harry J.; Peterson, Norman C. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 37.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letters  Harris, Sidney P.
Suggests some additional information to supplement a previous article.
Harris, Sidney P. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 319.
Spectroscopy |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Hypodermic syringes in quantitative elementary chemistry experiments. Part 2. General chemistry experiments  Davenport, Derek A.; Saba, Afif N.
Presents a variety of experiments that make use of hypodermic syringes in quantitative elementary chemistry.
Davenport, Derek A.; Saba, Afif N. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 617.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Liquids |
Reactions |
Equilibrium |
Stoichiometry
A laboratory blower-dryer  Naff, M. Benton
Describes the construction of a simple hot-air blower.
Naff, M. Benton J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 601.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letters  Naiman, Barnet
Suggests small vials modified to hold eyedroppers to weigh samples of a volatile liquid accurately.
Naiman, Barnet J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 594.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Portable down-draft table for lecture experiments  Campbell, J. A.; Hollenberg, J. Leland
Presents a designed for a portable down-draft table for lecture experiments requiring the ventilation of noxious products.
Campbell, J. A.; Hollenberg, J. Leland J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 422.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Magnetic stirring promotes smooth boiling  Bloomfield, Jordan J.
This short note indicates that the use of a magnetic stirrer effectively prevents violent bumping.
Bloomfield, Jordan J. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 355.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
A simple gas law apparatus  Carter, K. N.
The apparatus presented here can be used to verify the ideal gas law, determine the vapor pressure of water at an elevated temperature, or determine the number of moles of dry air under two different sets of conditions for comparison.
Carter, K. N. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 302.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases
Perforated board mounting for semimicro set-ups  Beech, J. A.
Presents a semimicro mounting system that is versatile and portable.
Beech, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 293.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab
A simple and inexpensive student spectroscope  Edwards, R. K.; Brandt, W. W.; Companion, Audrey L.
Presents a design for a simple and inexpensive student spectroscope.
Edwards, R. K.; Brandt, W. W.; Companion, Audrey L. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 147.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Spectroscopy
Disposable aluminum weighing dishes  Houston, David F.
Describes the production of aluminum weighing dishes of varying sizes from aluminum foil.
Houston, David F. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 101.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Magnetic stirrer for large volumes  Markowitz, Meyer M.; Boryta, Daniel A.
A horseshoe magnet is adapted for use as a magnetic stirrer.
Markowitz, Meyer M.; Boryta, Daniel A. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 96.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple vacuum system  Kokes, R. J.; Dorfman, M. K.; Mathia, T.
Describes several experiments employing a simple vacuum system, including Boyle's law, the ideal gas law, and the molecular weight of gases.
Kokes, R. J.; Dorfman, M. K.; Mathia, T. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 20.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Device to convert a hypodermic syringe into a multi-purpose apparatus  Shapiro, Samuel
Summarizes several ways in which hypodermic syringes can be used in the laboratory.
Shapiro, Samuel J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 626.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Adapting hospital "castoffs" for use in a chemistry laboratory  Martinette, Sister Mary B. V. M.; Crowell, Sister Agnita D. C.
A short note on the use of discarded hospital bottles in the chemistry laboratory.
Martinette, Sister Mary B. V. M.; Crowell, Sister Agnita D. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 619.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A low cost direct current source for the laboratory  Barnard, W. Robert.; Woodriff, Ray
Presents a low cost source of variable direct current.
Barnard, W. Robert.; Woodriff, Ray J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 521.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
Substitute for separatory funnels  Jean, Marcel
A modified polyethylene wash bottle can make a convenient substitute for a separatory funnel.
Jean, Marcel J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 515.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Temperature and power measurements in precision solution calorimetry  O'Hara, William F.; Wu, Ching-Hsien; Hepler, Loren G.
Presents the design of a calorimetric apparatus, and accompanying circuit schematic, and their application to calorimetry measurements.
O'Hara, William F.; Wu, Ching-Hsien; Hepler, Loren G. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 512.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A rapid, direct-reading micro-balance  Harris, D. L.
Describes a micro-balance that relies on a spring from a Jolly specific-gravity balance.
Harris, D. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 469.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A flashbulb bomb calorimeter  Hornyak, Frederick M.
This report describes a do-it-yourself experiment in thermochemistry using flashbulbs as calorimeter bombs.
Hornyak, Frederick M. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 97.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
An improved gas generator for elementary chemistry  Thiessen, G. W.; Hall, M.
Describes a small-scale adaptation of the Lassieur generator that provides a self-controlled evolution of gas from solid and liquid reagents.
Thiessen, G. W.; Hall, M. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 19.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A constant temperature reaction vessel for the thermal decomposition of solids  Prout, E. G.; Herley, P. J.
Describes an apparatus suitable for studying the thermal decomposition of potassium permanganate in high vacuum.
Prout, E. G.; Herley, P. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 643.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solids |
Rate Law |
Kinetics
Water equivalent of vacuum flask calorimeter by the ice fusion method  Dunicz, Boleslaw Ludwik
Presents the design of a vacuum flask calorimeter and describes the determination of its water equivalent by the ice fusion method.
Dunicz, Boleslaw Ludwik J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 635.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple ice calorimeter: A first experiment in thermochemistry  Mahan, Bruce H.
This note describes a relatively crude and simple ice calorimeter that can be supplied to each student.
Mahan, Bruce H. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 634.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Thermodynamics
Method for attaching glass, water aspirators to water lines  Perrine, Theodore D.
Describes the attachment of glass aspirators to water pipelines by means of metal pipe bushings.
Perrine, Theodore D. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 481.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letters  Lebowitz, William
Comments on the preferred method for cleaning laboratory glassware.
Lebowitz, William J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 437.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A reagent bottle for dispensing insoluble gases  Bixby, Louis W.
This apparatus can be used to generate hydrogen and oxygen collected through water displacement.
Bixby, Louis W. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 430.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases
An inexpensive electric cork boring machine  Barnard, W. Robert
This short note describes an inexpensive electric cork boring machine modified from a household drill.
Barnard, W. Robert J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 334.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An apparatus for the continuous production of triple distilled water  Taylor, Jay E.
Presents the design of an apparatus for the continuous production of triple distilled water.
Taylor, Jay E. J. Chem. Educ. 1960, 37, 204.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
pH meters  Lewin, S. Z.
Examines the operation and individual components of pH meters.
Lewin, S. Z. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, A477.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
pH |
Acids / Bases
Temperature-controlled baths (continued)  Lewin, S. Z.
Examines several commercial, temperature-controlled baths.
Lewin, S. Z. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, A199.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Inexpensive and convenient method for powdering solids for melting point determinations  Pinkus, A. G; Waldrop, P. G.
Recently a new mulling technique for preparing samples for infrared spectra was reported which makes use of ground glass plates.
Pinkus, A. G; Waldrop, P. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 618.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Solids |
Physical Properties
Weight titrations revived  Thoburn, James M.
With the use of syringes and automatic balances, it is possible to make weight titrations more practical than ordinary volumetric determinations.
Thoburn, James M. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 616.
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Rapid dispensing of liquids for large laboratory classes  Radin, Norman S.
Describes an automatic syringe that is useful for rapidly dispensing liquids for large laboratory classes.
Radin, Norman S. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 579.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Liquids
Letters to the editor  Boryta, Daniel
The author offers a suggestion to stop water splashing from aspirator pumps.
Boryta, Daniel J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 530.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Vapor density apparatus for general chemistry laboratory  Masterton, W. L.; Williams, T. R.
Presents the design of an apparatus that eliminates errors due to absorption and evaporation in the determination of molecular weights of volatile liquids.
Masterton, W. L.; Williams, T. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 528.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Liquids
Letters to the editor  Radley, Edward T.
A suggestion to improve the precision of titrations without burets.
Radley, Edward T. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 474.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
A water aspirator hood  Moore, Wilbur D.
Presents the design of a small, localized hood that operates using water aspiration.
Moore, Wilbur D. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 407.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A test tube automatic gas generator  Alpern, D. K.
A simple design for an automatic gas generator can be used to produce common gases such as hydrogen from zinc and hydrochloric acid.
Alpern, D. K. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 302.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases
A splashless table drain  Smucker, Arthur A.; Weaver, Henry D., Jr.
Presents a design for a splashless table drain.
Smucker, Arthur A.; Weaver, Henry D., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 301.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Titration without burets  Gaddis, Shirley W.
Describes the use of small polyethylene bottles to measure the acid strength of vinegar.
Gaddis, Shirley W. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 290.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Qualitative Analysis |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letters to the editor  Guenther, William B.
The author questions the continued use of two pan balances in the quantitative analysis course.
Guenther, William B. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 257.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple valve for burets or chromatographic columns  Harpur, R. P.
A new form of tetrafluoroethylene tubing is employed in a simple valve for burets or chromatographic columns.
Harpur, R. P. J. Chem. Educ. 1959, 36, 149.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple Pyrex-detection system  Thompson, H. Bradford
A simple method for identifying Pyrex glassware.
Thompson, H. Bradford J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 569.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A boiling point apparatus  Lykos, Peter G.
A one-piece boiling-point apparatus that utilizes Cottrell's principle of spraying the thermometer with boiling liquid is described.
Lykos, Peter G. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 565.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
A laboratory aid to speed-up filtration  Feinstein, H. I.
A laboratory aid to speed-up filtration is constructed from a funnel and an atomizer bulb.
Feinstein, H. I. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 509.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An improved magnetic rotation apparatus  Dodd, Thomas N., Jr.
This article is a continuation of an earlier paper describing the design, construction, and operation of an improved magnetic rotation apparatus.
Dodd, Thomas N., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 459.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Apparatus for illustrating Le Châtelier's principle  Tucker, W. C., Jr.
A device consisting of glass tubes and varying levels of water is presented as a means for illustrating equilibrium and Le Châtelier's principle.
Tucker, W. C., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 411.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Equilibrium
Inexpensive, nonclogging, non-freezing buret valve  Crawford, Crayton M.
Presents a design for a nonclogging, non-freezing buret valve.
Crawford, Crayton M. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 380.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Letters  Fieser, Louis F.
Calls attention to a stopperless separatory funnel design.
Fieser, Louis F. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 48.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple flow indicator  Apice, P. J.
A simple flow indicator can be easily constructed with a small piece of glass tubing and a few inches of wire.
Apice, P. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 33.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An improved stirrer  Ludwig, Jerome H.; Blatchford, John K.
This short note presents a simple, easily constructed, and rugged stirrer for laboratory use.
Ludwig, Jerome H.; Blatchford, John K. J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 616.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A chromatographic chamber for the student laboratory  Wiggans, Donald S.
The construction of an effective chromatographic tank can be accomplished by means of two beakers.
Wiggans, Donald S. J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 536.
Chromatography |
Separation Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple and efficient device for cleaning dropping bottles  Shen, Samuel Yi-Wen
Presents a setup that has been successfully used for the cleaning of dropping bottles.
Shen, Samuel Yi-Wen J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 327.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A simplified electrolysis apparatus  Teichman, Louis
Describes a simplified electrolysis apparatus using a plastic dish, two electrodes, and two test tubes.
Teichman, Louis J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 291.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Electrochemistry
Heating devices for microchemical operations  Stock, John T.; Fill, M. A.
Two devices provide heating for microchemical operations.
Stock, John T.; Fill, M. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 619.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Microscale Lab
Electrolytic conductivity apparatus  Schmuckler, Joseph S.; Schenck, Robert C.
Presents an apparatus that will demonstrate the conductivity of salts when fused in the solid state, in solution, and in various degrees of dilution.
Schmuckler, Joseph S.; Schenck, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 506.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Conductivity
A convenient glass cutter for tubing  Woodriff, Ray
A convenient glass cutter for tubing is constructed from a long-nosed pliers.
Woodriff, Ray J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 293.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Finding the rest point of a balance: A mathematical justification for an odd number of swings  Wirtschafter, Jonathan D.
Presents a mathematical justification for an odd number of swings in determining the rest point of a balance.
Wirtschafter, Jonathan D. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 216.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Semimicro cryoscopic molecular-weight determinations  Pinkus, A. G.; Barron, B. G.
These suggestions eliminate two sources of difficulty encountered by students in carrying out cryoscopic (Rast) molecular-weight determinations.
Pinkus, A. G.; Barron, B. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 138.
Physical Properties |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Apparatus for the demonstration of conductivity of electrolytes  Suter, Hans A.; Kaelber, Lorraine
This device uses a continuous flow of water and a light bulb to demonstrate the conductivity of electrolytes.
Suter, Hans A.; Kaelber, Lorraine J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 640.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Conductivity
Calorimeter for determining heat capacities of liquids  Greene, Stanley A.
This paper describes a method for utilizing a constant-power heating device that eliminates the need for a preponderance of equipment yet permits reasonable accuracy in determining the heat capacities of liquids.
Greene, Stanley A. J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 577.
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Liquids
Lecture thermometer and voltmeter  Dutton, Frederic B.
A sensitive temperature-indicating device with a reasonable rapid response time that relies on a thermocouple and can be seen by a large group.
Dutton, Frederic B. J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 478.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Fundamentals of the analytical balance  Evans, W. D.
The usefulness of the analytical balance increases when the chemist understands its operation well enough to utilize its full capabilities and to realize its limitations.
Evans, W. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 419.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A precaution in the use of magnetic stirrers  Passer, Moses
A recommendation to use only uncoated magnetic stirring bars for high-temperature work in inert solvents is based on a laboratory accident.
Passer, Moses J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 332.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Magnetic Properties |
Laboratory Management
Device to prevent back-suction in vacuum systems  Mathur, G. P.; Mukherjee, S.
Presents a device designed to prevent back-suction in vacuum systems.
Mathur, G. P.; Mukherjee, S. J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 216.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Finding the rest point of an undamped analytical balance  Stacy, Irving F.
Provides a mathematical analysis for finding the rest point of an undamped analytical balance.
Stacy, Irving F. J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 90.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods |
Chemometrics
Some improvised apparatus  Casimir, Sister Mary
Presents several examples of simple equipment constructed by high school students, some for demonstrations and others for use in the lab.
Casimir, Sister Mary J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 69.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Instrumental Methods
A simple melting-point apparatus  Gero, Alexander
The melting-point apparatus described in this paper is distinguished by extreme simplicity of construction and negligible cost.
Gero, Alexander J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 645.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties
A student polarimeter  Nechamkin, Howard
Describes the construction and use of a crude polarimeter suitable for use by students in early chemistry courses.
Nechamkin, Howard J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 579.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A simple valve to prevent back suction in a vacuum system  Chaco, M. C.
A simple, compact device has been designed to prevent back suction of water from a water pump.
Chaco, M. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 547.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Molecular weight apparatus for use in general chemistry  Randall, David L.
Some of the difficulties that arise when general chemistry students determine the molecular weight of a volatile liquid are avoided by the use of a specialized glass bulb.
Randall, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 297.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Apparatus for demonstrating paper chromatography  Baker, Philip S.
Presents a very simple and convenient arrangement for demonstrating paper chromatography.
Baker, Philip S. J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 237.
Chromatography |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science
Storing rubber tubing  Young, Roland S.; Benfield, D. A.; Strachan, K. G.
A convenient arrangement to store rubber tubing in a minimum space is illustrated.
Young, Roland S.; Benfield, D. A.; Strachan, K. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1953, 30, 317.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Some (organic) lab tips  Antelman, Marvin
A short list of recommendations regarding boiling chips, a substitute cold finger, increasing the capacity of a stopper, inexpensive stirrers, and using bathtub plugs for stoppers.
Antelman, Marvin J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 523.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
A continuous cloud chamber  Kuehner, A. L.
Details the construction and use of a continuous cloud chamber.
Kuehner, A. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 511.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry
An inexpensive thermostat  Linke, William F.
A simple and surprisingly efficient thermostat can be constructed in minutes using a three-necked flask and a liquid (or mixture of liquids) that boils at a desired temperature.
Linke, William F. J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 492.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Gas-collection bottles  Shumaker, Earl
Recommends making gas-collection bottles community property in the laboratory to save space in students' storage drawers.
Shumaker, Earl J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 229.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases
Semimicro laboratories  Chelberg, Raymond R.; Anderson, John E.
Describes the equipment and preparations needed to conduct semimicro laboratories in general, organic, and analytical chemistry.
Chelberg, Raymond R.; Anderson, John E. J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 189.
Microscale Lab |
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Letters  Swinehart, D. F.
The author points out the repeated observation of positive corrections to be made in calibrating Exax burets.
Swinehart, D. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 660.
Calibration |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Support for compressed gas cylinders  Young, Roland S.; Snaddon, R.
Describes the use of rubber suction discs to secure compressed gas cylinders.
Young, Roland S.; Snaddon, R. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 528.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Gases
An improvised ultramicroscope  Kiplinger, C. C.
The ultramicroscope is an effective device for demonstrating the probability of molecular motion by its revelation of Brownian movement.
Kiplinger, C. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 42.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus