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Denaturation of Protein by Strong AcidJohn W. Moore, Jerrold J. Jacobsen, Gary Trammell, Kristin Johnson "Strong acid denatures egg white proteins.This video contains voiceover:""The tertiary structure of egg white proteins is held together by hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Adding strong acid to the protein disrupts the intermolecular forces, and the tertiary structure is lost. The loss in protein structure is called denaturation. The proteins precipitate, forming a white solid."""
Extraction of Acid with Base Water and diethyl ether are shaken in a separatory funnel with a small amount of red indophenol. The non-ionic indophenol remains in the ether layer, coloring it red. Addition of sodium hydroxide converts the indophenol to its blue ionic acid anion which is extracted into the water layer turning it blue.
Thermodynamics : CalcDeltaG (14 Variations) Using , calculate the Gibbs free energy change for the following reaction which produces the metal zinc from its ore zinc(II) oxide. 2 ZnO(s) 2 Zn(s) + O2(g)
Factors That Influence Relative Acid Strength in Water: A Simple ModelMichael J. Moran The pKa's of diverse aqueous acids HA correlate well with the sum of two gas-phase properties: the HA bond-dissociation enthalpy and the electron affinity of the A radical. It is suggested that rather than bond strength alone or bond polarity, the sum of the enthalpies of these two steps is a fairly good indicator of relative acidity. Moran, Michael J. J. Chem. Educ.2006, 83, 800.
E = mc2 for the Chemist: When Is Mass Conserved?Richard S. Treptow Einstein's famous equation is frequently misunderstood in textbooks and popular science literature. Its correct interpretation is that mass and energy are different measures of a single quantity known as massenergy, which is conserved in all processes. Treptow, Richard S. J. Chem. Educ.2005, 82, 1636.
Standard Enthalpies of FormationEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
A Lattice Energy SpreadsheetChristopher King A Lattice Energy Spreadsheet is a tool that easily calculates lattice energies. It also illustrates the relation between crystal structure, coordination number, and ionic radii. A Lattice Energy Spreadsheet contains five related worksheets: Lattice Energy, MX Structure Map, Kapustinsky Lattice Energy, Directions, and Discussion, each described below. In the Lattice Energy worksheet, the lattice energy of many binary compounds can be calculated in about a dozen mouse clicks. An element is selected, and the radius corresponding to the desired charge and coordination number is selected. The same is done for the counter ion, and the anticipated crystal structure of the compound is chosen (rock salt, wurtzite, etc.). The lattice energy is then calculated. This sheet uses enthalpies of formation of monatomic gaseous atoms from the elements, ΔH°form, to calculate lattice energies. The results are more accurate than the values obtained by simply summing enthalpies of fusion and vaporization. The results of the corresponding Born-Haber cycle are also graphed on this sheet.