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Centrifuging a SampleJohn W. Moore, Jerrold J. Jacobsen, Lois M. Browne, John F. Zimmerman The demonstration on this page shows a technique that should not be used by undergraduate chemistry laboratory. This video shows what happens to sample in a centrifuge while the centrifuge is on, and the result of stopping the centrifuge improperly. A narrative is included in this video: The centrifuging process allows the solvent to completely settle out. The jarring caused by hand braking destroys the distinct separation between supernatant and solid.
Separation Science |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Centrifuge Centrifuging safety considerations, centrifuging a sample, loading and unloading a centrifuge, removing the supernatant, and washing the precipitate are discussed and demonstrated.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Separation Science
Extraction Use of a separatory funnel to carry out extraction is demonstrated.
Designing and Conducting a Purification Scheme as an Organic Chemistry Laboratory PracticalKate J. Graham, Brian J. Johnson, T. Nicholas Jones, Edward J. McIntee, and Chris P. Schaller Describes an open-ended laboratory practical that challenges students to evaluate when different purification techniques are appropriate. Graham, Kate J.; Johnson, Brian J.; Jones, T. Nicholas; McIntee, Edward J.; Schaller, Chris P. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1644.
IR Spectroscopy |
Microscale Lab |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
NMR Spectroscopy |
Physical Properties |
Separation Science
Study of Molecular-Shape Selectivity of Zeolites by Gas ChromatographyPei-Yu Chao, Yao-Yuan Chuang, Grace Hsiuying Ho, Shiow-Huey Chuang, Tseng-Chang Tsai, Chi-Young Lee, Shang-Tien Tsai, and Jun-Fu Huang This analytical or physical chemistry sorption experiment uses hexane isomers as probe molecules to demonstrate the "molecular-shape selectivity" behavior of zeolites. Students can also modify the sorption protocol to build their own experiments. Chao, Pei-Yu; Chuang, Yao-Yuan; Ho, Grace Hsiuying; Chuang, Shiow-Huey; Tsai, Tseng-Chang; Lee, Chi-Young; Tsai, Shang-Tien; Huang, Jun-Fu. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1558.
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Constitutional Isomers |
Gas Chromatography |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Separation Science |
Solid State Chemistry |
Molecular Recognition
Percy Julian, Robert Robinson, and the Identity of EseretholeAddison Ault The Nova production Percy JulianForgotten Genius, which included the very public disagreement over the identity of "eserethole," the key intermediate for the synthesis of the alkaloid physostigmine, left three important chemical questions unanswered. Ault, Addison. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1524.
The Separation of MixturesEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Separation Science
DistillationEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Physical Properties |
Separation Science
Mechanisms That Interchange Axial and Equatorial Atoms in Fluxional ProcessesMarion E. Cass, Henry S. Rzepa, King Kuok Hii The Berry pseudorotation is a classical mechanism for interchanging axial and equatorial ligands in molecules with trigonal bipyramidal geometry. Teaching this mechanism presents particular pedagogic problems due to both its dynamic and three dimensional character. The approach taken here illustrates these processes using interactive animations embedded in a Web page and overcomes many limitations of a printed page.
