15.11 Copolymers: Nylon, Polyethylene Terephthalate, and Polycarbonate
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Construction of a Polyaniline Nanofiber Gas SensorShabnam Virji, Bruce H. Weiller, Jiaxing Huang, Richard Blair, Heather Shepherd, Tanya Faltens, Philip C. Haussmann, Richard B. Kaner, and Sarah H. Tolbert The objectives of this lab are to synthesize different diameter polyaniline nanofibers and compare them as sensor materials. Its advantages include simplicity and low cost, making it suitable for both high school and college students, particularly in departments with modest means. Virji, Shabnam; Weiller, Bruce H.; Huang, Jiaxing; Blair, Richard; Shepherd, Heather; Faltens, Tanya; Haussmann, Philip C.; Kaner, Richard B.; Tolbert, Sarah H. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1102.
Acids / Bases |
Aromatic Compounds |
Conductivity |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Oxidation State |
pH |
Polymerization |
Synthesis
Preparation of Conducting Polymers by Electrochemical Methods and Demonstration of a Polymer BatteryHiromasa Goto, Hiroyuki Yoneyama, Fumihiro Togashi, Reina Ohta, Akitsu Tsujimoto, Eiji Kita, and Ken-ichi Ohshima The electrochemical polymerization of aniline and pyrrole, and demonstrations of electrochromism and the polymer battery effect, are presented as demonstrations suitable for high school and introductory chemistry at the university level. Goto, Hiromasa; Yoneyama, Hiroyuki; Togashi, Fumihiro; Ohta, Reina; Tsujimoto, Akitsu; Kita, Eiji; Ohshima, Ken-ichi. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1067.
Aromatic Compounds |
Conductivity |
Electrochemistry |
Materials Science |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Polymerization
Thermal Analysis of PlasticsTeresa D'Amico, Craig J. Donahue, and Elizabeth A. Rais Students interpret previously recorded scans generated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis to investigate a polypropylene dog bone, a polyethylene terephthalate pop bottle, the plastics in automobile head- and taillights, fishing line and a tea bag, and the rubber tread of an automobile tire. D'Amico, Teresa; Donahue, Craig J.; Rais, Elizabeth A. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 404.
Addition PolymersEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Polymerization
Condensation PolymersEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
Polymerization
Copoly; A Tool for Understanding Copolymerization and Monomer Sequence Distribution of CopolymersMassoud Miri, Juan A. Morales-Tirado The study of the composition and monomer sequence distribution of binary copolymers is often complicated because of the many definitions of representative properties for the sequence distribution, the numerous calculations required, and occasionally the abstract treatment of the statistical processes describing the copolymer formation. Copoly resolves these issues with a user-friendly, highly visual interface to perform all calculations. Using Microsoft Excel and Word, Copoly is compatible with Windows and Mac OS. In Copoly the students enter up to five independent data parameters using the Data Input Window, and immediately see the results. To obtain diagrams for a copolymerization obeying a second-order Markovian process, the fraction of one monomer, A, and the reactivity ratios, rA, rB, rA´ and rB´ need to be entered; for a first-order Markovian process only the first three of these are required. For a Bernoullian- or zeroth-order Markovian process only A and rA are required. The results are displayed on separate sheets labeled: 1. Copolymerization Diagrams, 2. Dyads and Triads, 3. Sequence Length Distribution, 4. Simulated Copolymer Design, and 5. Summary.
