TIGER

Journal Articles: 275 results
Magnetized Water: Science or Fraud?  L. Lahuerta Zamora, G. M. Antón-Fos, P. A. Alemán López, and R. V. Martin Algarra
Commercial water magnetizers provide a unique opportunity to help university and secondary students develop appropriate skepticism against extraordinary claims and use testing as the basis for their scientific evaluation.
Lahuerta Zamora, L.; Antón-Fos, G. M.; Alemán López, P. A.; Martin Algarra, R. V. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1416.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Magnetic Properties |
pH |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry
Fog Machines, Vapors, and Phase Diagrams  Ed Vitz
This series of demonstrations elucidate the operation of commercial fog machines using common laboratory materials and can be adapted for elementary through tertiary levels. The formation of fogs is discussed in terms of the phase diagram for water and other chemical principles.
Vitz, Ed. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1385.
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
Stilling Waves with Ordered Molecular Monolayers  Ed Vitz
The amazing ability of a film of oil one molecule thick to dissipate the relatively large energy of water waves can be readily demonstrated, but an explanation of the effect has been elusive until recently.
Vitz, Ed. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1064.
Lipids |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Surface Science |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Fatty Acids
Yet Another Variation on the Electrolysis of Water at Iron Nails  Mark T. Stauffer and Justin P. Fox
Describes a variation on the electrolysis of water with iron nails in which a sharp contrast in the colors produced effectively demonstrates electrolysis and the diffusion of oxidized and reduced species from the electrodes.
Stauffer, Mark T.; Fox, Justin P. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 523.
Acids / Bases |
Electrochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Stoichiometry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials
Understanding the Clausius–Clapeyron Equation by Employing an Easily Adaptable Pressure Cooker  Monica Galleano, Alberto Boveris, and Susana Puntarulo
Describes a laboratory exercise to understand the effect of pressure on phase equilibrium as described by the ClausiusClapeyron equation. The equipment required is a pressure cooker adapted with a pressure gauge and a thermometer in the lid, allowing the measurement of the pressure and the temperature of the chamber containing the water heated until vaporization.
Galleano, Monica; Boveris, Alberto; Puntarulo, Susana. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 276.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Thermodynamics |
Water / Water Chemistry
The Role of Water Chemistry in Marine Aquarium Design: A Model System for a General Chemistry Class  Jeffrey J. Keaffaber, Ramiro Palma, and Kathryn R. Williams
Water chemistry is central to aquarium design, and it provides many potential applications for discussion in undergraduate chemistry and engineering courses. This article uses a hypothetical tank to house ocean sunfish as a model to show students the calculations and other considerations that are needed when designing a marine aquarium.
Keaffaber, Jeffrey J.; Palma, Ramiro; Williams, Kathryn R. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 225.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Stoichiometry |
Water / Water Chemistry
A Simplified Model To Predict the Effect of Increasing Atmospheric CO2 on Carbonate Chemistry in the Ocean  Brian J. Bozlee, Maria Janebo, and Ginger Jahn
The chemistry of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater is reviewed and used to predict the potential effect of rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is found that calcium carbonate may become unsaturated in cold surface seawater by the year 2100, resulting in the destruction of calcifying organisms such as coral.
Bozlee, Brian J.; Janebo, Maria; Jahn, Ginger. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 213.
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Green Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
JCE Resources for Chemistry and Water  Erica K. Jacobsen
This annotated bibliography collects the best that past issues of JCE have to offer for use with the 2008 Chemists Celebrate Earth Day theme, "Streaming Chemistry".
Jacobsen, Erica K. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 188.
Water / Water Chemistry
Streaming Chemistry  John W. Moore
The JCE editorial staff has collected a broad range of articles in support of the topic Water, this years theme for Chemists Celebrate Earth Day.
Moore, John W. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 171.
Water / Water Chemistry
Colorful Lather Printing  Susan A. S. Hershberger, Matt Nance, Arlyne M. Sarquis, and Lynn M. Hogue
Students explore the chemistry of polar and nonpolar substances and surfactants while marbling paper with shaving cream and food coloring.
Hershberger, Susan A. S.; Nance, Matt; Sarquis, Arlyne M.; Hogue, Lynn M. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 608A.
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Physical Properties |
Surface Science |
Water / Water Chemistry
New Analytical Method for the Determination of Detergent Concentration in Water by Fabric Dyeing  Set Seng, Masakazu Kita, and Reiko Sugihara
This article describes a high school classroom activity in which an acrylic fabric is used as the extraction medium in the analysis of detergent concentration rather than more harmful organic solvents. An handmade reflection photometer, assembled with inexpensive materials such as LED, PVC tube, and CdS sensor, is used to determine the detergent concentration.
Seng, Set; Kita, Masakazu; Sugihara, Reiko. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1803.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis |
Solutions / Solvents |
Water / Water Chemistry
Gas Clathrate Hydrates Experiment for High School Projects and Undergraduate Laboratories  Melissa P. Prado, Annie Pham, Robert E. Ferazzi, Kimberly Edwards, and Kenneth C. Janda
Presents a procedure for preparing and studying propane clathrate hydrate. This experiment introduces students to this unusual solid while stimulating a discussion of the interplay of intermolecular forces, thermodynamics, and solid structure.
Prado, Melissa P.; Pham, Annie; Ferazzi, Robert E.; Edwards, Kimberly; Janda, Kenneth C. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1790.
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes |
Applications of Chemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Gases |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Thermodynamics |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Hydrogen Bonding
Hydration of Acetylene: A 125th Anniversary  Dmitry A. Ponomarev and Sergey M. Shevchenko
The discovery the hydration of alkynes catalyzed by mercury ions by Mikhail Kucherov made possible industrial production of acetaldehyde from acetylene and had a profound effect on the development of industrial chemistry in the 1920th centuries.
Ponomarev, Dmitry A.; Shevchenko, Sergey M. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1725.
Addition Reactions |
Aldehydes / Ketones |
Alkynes |
Catalysis |
Industrial Chemistry |
Reactions
The Chemistry of Swimming Pool Maintenance  Carl Salter and David L. Langhus
This paper examines the key ideas behind swimming pool chemistry -- the central importance of pH and its effect on chlorine sanitation and calcium carbonate solubility. The paper also reviews the analytical procedures and common practices used to monitor and control pool chemistry or correct problems.
Salter, Carl; Langhus, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1124.
Acids / Bases |
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
pH |
Photochemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Water / Water Chemistry
Molecular Model of Zincon  William F. Coleman
The Featured Molecules this month are the tautomeric forms of the colorimetric reagent zincon. The structures could be used as an introduction to the concept of tautomerism, with students being asked to develop a definition of the term based on their observations of the difference(s) in linkage in the two forms.
Coleman, William F. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 305.
Biological Cells |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Molecular Mechanics / Dynamics |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Popcorn—What's in the Bag?  Marissa B. Sherman and Thomas A. Evans
Three independent activities explore microwave popcorn, the nature of the packaging, and the popcorn produced.
Sherman, Marissa B.; Evans, Thomas A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 416A.
Carbohydrates |
Nutrition |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents |
Water / Water Chemistry
Equilibrium Constants and Water Activity Revisited  David Keeports
Subtle arguments based upon the use of chemical potentials show that numerical values of solute molar concentrations can be used as good approximate activities in equilibrium calculations for reactions involving dilute solutions.
Keeports, David. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1290.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Alcohols
Equilibrium Constants and Water Activity Revisited  E. J. Behrman
In teaching the effects of structure on acid strength, it is useful to compare, inter alia, water with primary alcohols.
Behrman, E. J. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1290.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Alcohols
Equilibrium Constants and Water Activity Revisited  E. J. Behrman
In teaching the effects of structure on acid strength, it is useful to compare, inter alia, water with primary alcohols.
Behrman, E. J. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1290.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Alcohols
Analysis of the Thickening Agents in Automotive Greases by GC–MS  David Mayotte, Craig J. Donahue, and Cheryl A. Snyder
Describes a laboratory procedure for the identification of the thickening agents in lubricating greases by GCMS.
Mayotte, David; Donahue, Craig J.; Snyder, Cheryl A. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 902.
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Gas Chromatography |
Industrial Chemistry |
Mass Spectrometry |
Separation Science |
Fatty Acids
Lubricating Grease: A Chemical Primer  Craig J. Donahue
This article provides an overview of the function, properties, composition, and preparation of lubricating grease
Donahue, Craig J. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 862.
Applications of Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Fatty Acids
Chemistry of Electronic Gases  James R. Clark
The chemistry of electronic gases can be used in the classroom to provide many interesting examples of molecular structures, chemical reactions, periodic trends, and environmental chemistry.
Clark, James R. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 857.
Applications of Chemistry |
Gases |
Industrial Chemistry |
Semiconductors |
Solid State Chemistry
The Great Wakonse Earthquake of 2003: A Short, Problem-Based Introduction to the Titration Concept  Brian P. Coppola, Amy C. Gottfried, Robyn L. Gdula, Alan L. Kiste, and Nathan W. Ockwig
This activity introduces nonscience adult learners to the concept of titration from real-world instructions about earthquake water safety found in a California phone book.
Coppola, Brian P.; Gottfried, Amy C.; Gdula, Robyn L.; Kiste, Alan L.; Ockwig, Nathan W. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 600.
Acids / Bases |
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry
Teaching Chemistry Laboratory Skills in Industrial Contexts  Julianne M. Braun and Carol White
A recently completed project has produced a compilation of 40 laboratory experiments presented within the contexts of five major industries. This article provides a summary of these experiments, along with a discussion of ancillary materials.
Braun, Julianne M.; White, Carol. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 353.
Applications of Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Metals |
Polymerization |
Water / Water Chemistry
Linking Laboratory Experiences to the Real World: The Extraction of Octylphenoxyacetic Acid from Water  Jorge E. Loyo-Rosales, Alba Torrents, Georgina C. Rosales-Rivera, and Clifford P. Rice
A known quantity of the sodium salt of octylphenoxyacetic acid is dissolved in water, transformed to the acid (insoluble) form, and extracted using dichloromethane. These changes can be followed visually owing to conspicuous changes in solution turbidity.
Loyo-Rosales, Jorge E.; Torrents, Alba; Rosales-Rivera, Georgina C.; Rice, Clifford P. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 248.
Acids / Bases |
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
pH |
Stoichiometry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Water / Water Chemistry
An Interactive Environmental Science Course for Education Science Majors  Suzanne K. Lunsford and William Slattery
Describes an interactive environmental modular science course for education science majors preparing to become teachers at the primary and secondary levels. The purpose of the course is to give students experience in inquiry, gathering data, the evaluation of data to understand scientific theory, and the application of inquiry, hands-on methods in the classroom.
Lunsford, Suzanne K.; Slattery, William. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 233.
Applications of Chemistry |
Geochemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Student-Centered Learning |
Standards National / State
The Nature of Hydrogen Bonding  Emeric Schultz
Students use toy connecting blocks and Velcro to investigate weak intermolecular interactions, specifically hydrogen bonds.
Schultz, Emeric. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 400A.
Noncovalent Interactions |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Covalent Bonding |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Using Visible Spectrophotometers and pH Measurements To Study Speciation in a Guided-Inquiry Laboratory   William H. Otto, Cynthia K. Larive, Susan L. Mason, Janet B. Robinson, Joseph A. Heppert, and James D. Ellis
A collective-effort, guided-inquiry laboratory investigation was developed for the second-semester general chemistry laboratory for the purpose of increasing student conceptual understanding of equilibrium and speciation phenomena. This investigation required students to employ the chemical indicator phenol red in phosphate buffer solution, computer interfaced pH probes, and visible spectrophotometers. Through a combination of potentiometric and visible absorption measurements, the students determined the pH conditions that alter equilibrium concentrations of multiple species (colored and transparent) in solution.
Otto, William H.; Larive, Cynthia K.; Mason, Susan L.; Robinson, Janet B.; Heppert, Joseph A.; Ellis, James D. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1552.
Acids / Bases |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Equilibrium |
pH |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Dyes / Pigments
Sedimentation Time Measurements of Soil Particles by Light Scattering and Determination of Chromium, Lead, and Iron in Soil Samples via ICP  Patricia Metthe Todebush and Franz M. Geiger
In this two-part general chemistry laboratory activity, students study soil samples from home and from campus. In part one, the samples are placed in water and the suspended colloid fraction is separated using filtration, followed by a determination of colloid sedimentation rates via light scattering. In part two, the solid phase of the soil samples is dissolved in acid and analyzed for chromium, lead, and iron using an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer. The experiment can be expanded to include arsenic. Through these experiments students can draw conclusions about the physical and chemical behavior of solid components in soil, paying particular attention to their propensity for transporting and chemically transforming pollutants in the environment.
Todebush, Patricia Metthe; Geiger, Franz M. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1542.
Colloids |
Geochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solids |
Surface Science |
Metals
Based on a True Story: Using Movies as Source Material for General Chemistry Reports  Mark A. Griep and Marjorie L. Mikasen
Presents a list of one dozen, highly rated movies in which the focus is either a scientist's chemical research or the societal impact of some chemical compound. The method by which two of these movies were used as source material for a written report in a general chemistry course is described.
Griep, Mark A.; Mikasen, Marjorie L. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1501.
Medicinal Chemistry |
Women in Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Industrial Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry
Improving Conceptions in Analytical Chemistry: ci Vi = cf Vf  Margarita Rodríguez-López and Arnaldo Carrasquillo Jr.
A common misconception related to analytical chemistry, which may be generalized as the failure to recognize and to account analytically for changes in substance density, is discussed. A cautionary example is made through the use of mass-based units of composition during volumetric dilution. The correct application of the volumetric dilution equation ci Vi = cf Vf is discussed. A quantitative description of the systematic error introduced by incorrect use of the volumetric dilution equation is also specified.
Rodríguez-López, Margarita; Carrasquillo, Arnaldo, Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1327.
Industrial Chemistry |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Quantitative Analysis |
Solutions / Solvents
Equilibrium Constants and Water Activity  David Keeports
General chemistry instructors are faced with a dilemma when introducing the topic of equilibrium constants: These constants are correctly written in terms of activities, yet activity is a complex topic better treated rigorously in a physical chemistry course than superficially in a general chemistry course. Thus, to introduce equilibrium calculations, it is necessary to use approximate forms for equilibrium constants. However, I find that some commonly used textbooks provide incorrect arguments leading to approximate equilibrium constants for aqueous reactions.
Keeports, David. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 999.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Water / Water Chemistry
Conceptual Considerations in Molecular Science  Donald T. Sawyer
The undergraduate curriculum and associated textbooks include several significant misconceptions.
Sawyer, Donald T. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 985.
Catalysis |
Covalent Bonding |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Reactions |
Reactive Intermediates |
Thermodynamics |
Water / Water Chemistry
Thermal Expansion: Using Calculator-Based Laboratory Technology To Observe the Anomalous Behavior of Water  Mario Branca and Isabella Soletta
This is a simple experiment to observe variations in the density of water and other liquids at different temperatures with CBL technology. Using it students can observe the anomalous behavior of water at temperatures between 0 C and 4 C.
Branca, Mario; Soletta, Isabella. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 613.
Liquids |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
Simple Dynamic Models for Hydrogen Bonding Using Velcro-Polarized Molecular Models  Emeric Schultz
This article describes the use of models that dynamically illustrate the unique characteristics of weak intermolecular interactions, specifically hydrogen bonds. The models clearly demonstrate that H-bonds can break and reform while covalent bonds stay intact. The manner in which the models form and break H-bonds reflects the geometric and statistical manner in which H-bonding actually occurs and is not contrived. The use of these models addresses a significant area of student misconceptions. The construction of these molecular models is described.
Schultz, Emeric. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 401.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Molecular Modeling |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Hard Water and Soft Soap: Dependence of Soap Performance on Water Hardness. A Classroom Demonstration  Viktoria K. L. Osorio, Wanda de Oliveira, and Omar A. El Seoud
We describe a series of classroom demonstrations presented to high school students. The demonstrations were carried out to answer the question: Why does soap not foam in seawater? We generalized the question into: Why does soap performance depend on the hardness of the water used? A sequence of experiments was carried out to compare the performance of soap in soft and hard water and to illustrate the water-softening action of EDTA and zeolites.
Osorio, Viktoria K. L.; de Oliveira, Wanda; El Seoud, Omar A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 257.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry
Nitrogen: It Always Needs a Fix  Kathryn R. Williams
The fixation of nitrogen was a popular topic in early issues of the Journal of Chemical Education. This column, From Past Issues, briefly summarizes articles on the nonbiological methods for nitrogen fixation.
Williams, Kathryn R. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 194.
Industrial Chemistry |
Agricultural Chemistry
Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis of Cations in Water Samples. An Experiment for the Introductory Laboratory  Christopher J. Pursell, Bert Chandler, and Michelle M. Bushey
This experiment can be done in a lab, as a "dry-lab", or as an in-class exercise. Students explore a number of basic separation topics and work with figures of merit for real and meaningful samples. We have adopted a strategy where students encounter various instruments and methods of analyses multiple times throughout the curriculum. The level of sophistication in the exposures increases with the experience level of the students. Through this repeated exposure students will gain a better and fuller understanding of these methods than they would with a single exposure to the technique in the analytical or instrumental laboratory.
Pursell, Christopher J.; Chandler, Bert; Bushey, Michelle M. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1783.
Electrophoresis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Separation Science |
Chemometrics |
Water / Water Chemistry
The Effect of Ionic Strength on the Solubility of an Electrolyte  Joan D. Willey
The theory of activity versus concentration is important in industrial, environmental, and biochemistry. The increase in solubility of an electrolyte in a solution of a second electrolyte with no common ions compared with pure water is not an easy concept to grasp because it seems to be counterintuitive. The simple experiment described here illustrates this principle visually and dramatically. Students attempt to dissolve CaSO42H2O (gypsum) in pure water and in 0.25 M NaCl.
Willey, Joan D. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1644.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
Sink Inserts for Flood Prevention  Fraser F. Fleming, Daniel J. Bodnar, and David L. Hardesty
A simple, inexpensive insert is described for preventing flooding in lab sinks. The insert is essentially a tube with slots cut into the side that fits snugly into the drain outlet, preventing water buildup and providing additional drainage sites to avoid constriction by small lab items and paper towels.
Fleming, Fraser F.; Bodnar, Daniel J.; Hardesty, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1344.
Laboratory Management |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Water / Water Chemistry
Introduction of Mass Spectrometry in a First-Semester General Chemistry Laboratory Course: Quantification of MTBE or DMSO in Water  Mike Solow
An experiment has been developed to introduce first-semester general chemistry students to mass spectrometry. Students analyze water samples contaminated with a known compound, either DMSO or MTBE. Students are asked to determine the concentration of the compound in the water. In performing this experiment, students should learn (i) how the mass of an atom or molecule is determined, (ii) the effect of the presence of different isotopes on molecular mass, (iii) the role of an internal standard, and (iv) how mass spectrometry is used in answering various scientific questions.
Solow, Mike. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1172.
Instrumental Methods |
Mass Spectrometry |
Quantitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Gas Chromatography
The Chemistry of Photographic Color Dye Formation  Bruce E. Kahn
A laboratory activity is described where black and white photographs are converted to color images in a variety of ways.
Kahn, Bruce E. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 694.
Photochemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Acids / Bases |
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction
A Simple Flotation De-Inking Experiment for the Recycling of Paper  Richard A. Venditti
This short article describes a simple, inexpensive method to execute in the laboratory a batch type flotation de-inking process on wastepaper.
Venditti, Richard A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 693.
Separation Science |
Surface Science |
Industrial Chemistry
Kinetics of the Osmotic Hydration of Chickpeas  Gabriel Pinto and Ali Esin
An experiment examining the swelling of chickpeas as they are soaked in water is presented to introduce students to topics such as osmotic flow, mass transfer, diffusion, kinetics of hydration, modeling, and estimation of activation energy.
Pinto, Gabriel; Esin, Ali. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 532.
Kinetics |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Food Science |
Transport Properties
Using Science Fiction To Teach Thermodynamics: Vonnegut, Ice-nine, and Global Warming  Charles A. Liberko
When covering the topic of thermodynamics at the introductory level, an example from Kurt Vonnegut, Jr's, fictional novel, Cat's Cradle, is used to take what the students have learned and apply it to a new situation.
Liberko, Charles A. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 509.
Thermodynamics |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
A Modular Laser Apparatus for Polarimetry, Nephelometry, and Fluorimetry in General Chemistry  Scott A. Darveau, Jessica Mueller, April Vaverka, Cheri Barta, Anthony Fitch, Jessica Jurzenski, and Yvonne Gindt
We present an apparatus suitable for multiple uses in the general chemistry laboratory including polarimetry, fluorescence, and nephelometry. The open design of the instrument also decreases the chance that students will contract the "black-box syndrome" that seems to develop when using instruments that only provide the final data in an experiment without showing how the measurements are obtained.
Darveau, Scott A.; Mueller, Jessica; Vaverka, April; Barta, Cheri; Fitch, Anthony; Jurzenski, Jessica; Gindt, Yvonne. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 401.
Fluorescence Spectroscopy |
Kinetics |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Lasers |
Spectroscopy |
Proteins / Peptides |
Water / Water Chemistry
Magnetic Particle Technology. A Simple Preparation of Magnetic Composites for the Adsorption of Water Contaminants  Luiz C. A. Oliveira, Rachel V. R. A. Rios, José D. Fabris, Rochel M. Lago, and Karim Sapag
In this article a simple undergraduate laboratory experiment to produce magnetic adsorbents is described. These magnetic materials efficiently adsorb contaminants from water and can be easily removed from the medium by a simple magnetic separation process.
Oliveira, Luiz C.A.; Rios, Rachel V.R.A.; Fabris, José D.; Lago, Rochel M.; Sapag, Karim. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 248.
Green Chemistry |
Magnetic Properties |
Materials Science |
Separation Science |
Water / Water Chemistry
Well Wishes. A Case on Septic Systems and Well Water Requiring In-Depth Analysis and Including Optional Laboratory Experiments  Mary M. Walczak and Juliette M. Lantz
This paper describes the use of a case study to teach introductory chemistry students the chemical principles of solution concentration (especially ppm) and dilution, aqueous redox reactions, and stoichiometric conversions between different solution species.
Walczak, Mary M.; Lantz, Juliette M. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 218.
Consumer Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Stoichiometry
The Preparation and Testing of a Common Emulsion and Personal Care Product: Lotion  Suzanne T. Mabrouk
First-year chemistry students can readily prepare lotion from the emulsification of deionized water, humectant, emulsifier, emollients, thickener, and preservative. Three different lotion formulations are prepared so that students can study the effects of different emulsifiers and emollients on the quality of the final product. The purpose of the ingredients is discussed.
Mabrouk, Suzanne T. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 83.
Colloids |
Conductivity |
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Applications of Chemistry
Three-Dimensional Model for Water: Magnets as Dipoles  Samuel H. Yalkowsky and Jennifer L. H. Johnson
Reply to comments on original article.
Yalkowsky, Samuel H.; Johnson, Jennifer L. H. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 34.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Lipids |
Liquids |
Molecular Modeling |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Solutions / Solvents |
Water / Water Chemistry
Three-Dimensional Model for Water: Magnets as Chemical Bonds  Roy W. Clark
Concerns over students confusing electrical and magnetic fields.
Clark, Roy W. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 34.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Lipids |
Liquids |
Molecular Modeling |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Solutions / Solvents |
Water / Water Chemistry
ChemTechLinks: Alliances for Chemical Technician Education  Tamara Nameroff
ChemTechLinks (CTL) is a project of the American Chemical Society (ACS) Educational and International Activities Division and funded by the National Science Foundation to support and advance chemistry-based technician education. The project aims to help improve technician education programs, foster academic-industry alliances, provide professional development opportunities for faculty, and increase student recruitment into chemical technology.
Nameroff, Tamara. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 993.
Chemical Technicians |
Industrial Chemistry |
Professional Development |
Administrative Issues
Bubble Stripping To Determine Hydrogen Concentrations in Ground Water: A Practical Application of Henry's Law  Daniel M. McInnes and Don Kampbell
Applying Henry's law to determine the concentration of hydrogen in ground water as a means of identifying possible contamination by chlorinated organic compounds.
McInnes, Daniel M.; Kampbell, Don. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 516.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Gases |
Quantitative Analysis |
Applications of Chemistry
The Chemistry of Fragrances: A Group Exercise for Chemistry Students  Roger Duprey, Charles S. Sell, and Nigel D. Lowe
Description of the Fragrance structured learning package (SLP), developed by the Department of Chemistry at the University of York to illustrate the roles of professional chemists in industrial organizations.
Duprey, Roger; Sell, Charles S.; Lowe, Nigel D. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 513.
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Synthesis |
Student / Career Counseling |
Applications of Chemistry
Chemical Recycling of Pop Bottles: The Synthesis of Dibenzyl Terephthalate from the Plastic Polyethylene Terephthalate  Craig J. Donahue, Jennifer A. Exline, and Cynthia Warner
Procedure in which students depolymerize a common plastic (PET from 2-L pop bottles) under mild conditions using nontoxic chemicals to produce monomer building blocks.
Donahue, Craig J.; Exline, Jennifer A.; Warner, Cynthia. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 79.
Industrial Chemistry |
Synthesis |
Aromatic Compounds |
Polymerization
The Analysis of Seawater: A Laboratory-Centered Learning Project in General Chemistry  Jodye I. Selco, Julian L. Roberts, Jr., and Daniel B. Wacks
Experiment designed to introduce students to qualitative and quantitative analysis methods (gravimetric analysis, potentiometric titration, ion-selective electrodes, and atomic absorption and atomic emission spectroscopy) in the context of an overall analysis of an environmental sample.
Selco, Jodye I.; Roberts, Julian L., Jr.; Wacks, Daniel B. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 54.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Instrumental Methods |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Gravimetric Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Ion Selective Electrodes |
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Potentiometry
Use of Chloroisocyanuarates for Disinfection of Water: Application of Miscellaneous General Chemistry Topics  Gabriel Pinto and Brian Rohrig
Using the chlorination of water (using sodium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acid) to develop general chemistry concepts; includes question for students and answers.
Pinto, Gabriel; Rohrig, Brian. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 41.
Stoichiometry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Photochemistry
A Three-Dimensional Model for Water  J. L. H. Johnson and S. H. Yalkowsky
Using Molymod spheres and magnets to simulate the structure and properties of water and aqueous systems.
Johnson, J. L. H.; Yalkowsky, S. H. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 1088.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Covalent Bonding |
Lipids |
Liquids |
Solutions / Solvents |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
The Avtex Saga: National Security versus Environmental Protection  Susan Groves and Frank A. Settle Jr.
History of the controversy surrounding the production of rayon at Fron Royal, Virginia, the state's largest Superfund site and, at one time, the nation's second largest source of air pollution; includes discussion of the use of this case study with classes.
Groves, Susan; Settle, Frank A., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 685.
Industrial Chemistry
A Discovery-Based Experiment Illustrating How Iron Metal Is Used to Remediate Contaminated Groundwater  Barbara A. Balko and Paul G. Tratnyek
Procedure in which students investigate the chemistry of iron-permeable reactive barriers and their application to the remediation of contaminated groundwater.
Balko, Barbara A.; Tratnyek, Paul G. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1661.
Kinetics |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Metals |
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
Humic Acids: Marvelous Products of Soil Chemistry  Geoffrey Davies, Elham A. Ghabbour, and Cornelius Steelink
Classification, physical and chemical characteristics, formation, structure and sources of humic substances.
Davies, Geoffrey; Ghabbour, Elham A.; Steelink, Cornelius. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1609.
Agricultural Chemistry |
Metals |
Natural Products |
Plant Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Teaching Brønsted-Lowry Acid-Base Theory in a Direct Comprehensive Way  Jamie L. Adcock
Unifying all the Bronsted-Lowry acid-base concepts in a quantitative way.
Adcock, Jamie L. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1495.
Acids / Bases |
Equilibrium |
Learning Theories |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Brønsted-Lowry Acids / Bases
Workplace Skills Taught in a Simulated Analytical Department  Susan Sonchik Marine
2-year Chemical Technology Program that progressively builds lab and workplace skills, with a focus on a course that simulates an industrial analytical department.
Marine, Susan Sonchik. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1448.
Chemical Technicians |
Industrial Chemistry
The Purification of Water by Freeze-Thaw or Zone Melting  James Oughton, Silas Xu, and Rubin Battino
Quantitative investigation of the purification of slat water solutions through the process of partial freezing.
Oughton, James; Xu, Silas; Battino, Rubin. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1373.
Conductivity |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Separation Science |
Quantitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
An Introduction to the Scientific Process: Preparation of Poly(vinyl acetate) Glue  Robert G. Gilbert, Christopher M. Fellows, James McDonald, and Stuart W. Prescott
Exercise to give students experience in scientific processes while introducing them to synthetic polymer colloids.
Gilbert, Robert G.; Fellows, Christopher M.; McDonald, James; Prescott, Stuart W. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1370.
Industrial Chemistry |
Noncovalent Interactions |
Surface Science |
Polymerization |
Applications of Chemistry |
Colloids
A Microscale Spectrophotometric Determination of Water Hardness  James S. Gordon
Measuring water hardness using EDTA as a titrant, calmagite as an indicator, a colorimeter, and a graphing calculator.
Gordon, James S. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1089.
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Chemical Laboratory Information Profile: Water  Jay A. Young
Properties, hazards, and storage requirements for water.
Young, Jay A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 874.
Laboratory Management |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry
Demonstration of Surface Tension  Andrew J. Rosenthal
Even though surface tension is a tensor with a relatively small magnitude, when it acts on particles with a small radius, the overall force produced is substantial. Surface tension is responsible for the destabilization of many colloidal systems. This short paper describes a simple demonstration that illustrates the phenomenon.
Rosenthal, Andrew J. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 332.
Colloids |
Food Science |
Industrial Chemistry |
Surface Science
An Introductory Course in Industrial Chemistry for Freshmen  Peter Rudolf Seidl, Marcio do Nascimento Magalhães, and Cristiane Rodrigues Augusto
An introductory course in industrial chemistry whose main objective is to bring a student's outlook close to that of a chemist in industry; the class is divided into classwork, labwork, and working as a team on a project with a technical and economic component. Organization, content, and modifications are described.
Seidl, Peter Rudolf; Magalhães, Marcio do Nascimento; Augusto, Cristiane Rodrigues. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 218.
Industrial Chemistry |
Student / Career Counseling
Teaching about Flame Retardants. A Joint Israeli-Dutch Project  Miri Kesner and Wobbe de Vos
Flame retardants make interesting chemistry and moreover, the chemistry is highly relevant from an everyday life point of view. This article reports on a joint Israeli-Dutch project aimed at teaching the production, properties, and applications of some bromine-containing flame retardants, including their environmental aspects, in secondary education.
Kesner, Miri; de Vos, Wobbe. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 41.
Industrial Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Reactions |
Applications of Chemistry
Thermodynamics of Water Superheated in the Microwave Oven  B. H. Erné
Water is conveniently heated above its normal boiling point in a microwave oven in a glass microwave oven teapot. Water stops boiling soon after heating is interrupted, but subsequently added rough particles can still act as nucleation centers for a brief, spectacular burst of steam bubbles. The heat to make those steam bubbles obviously comes from the water itself, so that one can conclude that the boiling water was superheated, which is confirmed with a thermometer.
Erné, B. H. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1309.
Thermodynamics |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Liquids
Weak vs Strong Acids and Bases: The Football Analogy  Todd P. Silverstein
A football analogy for acids and bases in which acids are compared to quarterbacks, whose job is to get rid of the ball (H+). A strong acid, like an excellent quarterback, delivers the ball effectively; a weak acid, like a poor quarterback, is often left holding the ball. Furthermore, bases may be likened to wide receivers, whose job is to catch and hold onto the ball (H+).
Silverstein, Todd P. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 849.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Brønsted-Lowry Acids / Bases
Soapmaking  
This activity provides a simple experiment that introduces students to an important reaction of organic chemistry. It also helps students connect chemistry to something that they see and use every day and provides an opportunity for cross-curricular work.
J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 192A.
Acids / Bases |
Industrial Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry
Remediation of Water Contaminated with an Azo Dye: An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment Utilizing an Inexpensive Photocatalytic Reactor  John A. Bumpus, Jennifer Tricker, Ken Andrzejewski, Heather Rhoads, and Matthew Tatarko
The construction and use of an inexpensive photocatalytic reactor that utilizes titanium dioxide as the photocatalyst for wastewater treatment is described. In these experiments and in supplementary material, students are made aware that a variety of techniques have been developed to treat wastewaters, including those generated by the chemical industry. Water contaminated with the azo dye Congo Red was selected as an example of how one might treat contaminated water from a textile manufacturing facility.
Bumpus, John A.; Tricker, Jennifer; Andrzejewski, Ken; Rhoads, Heather; Tatarko, Matthew. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1680.
Photochemistry |
Dyes / Pigments |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Applications of Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Pesticides in Drinking Water: Project-Based Learning within the Introductory Chemistry Curriculum  Patricia B. O'Hara, Jon A. Sanborn, and Meredith Howard
A new introductory chemistry module is described, which has as its central theme the measurement of trace levels of these xenoestrogens in the form of pesticides in the Town of Amherst's public drinking water. After a basic introduction to sample handling and measurement of pH, temperature, and conductivity, the students travel in small groups to several sites to collect water and perform preliminary characterization of their samples.
OHara, Patricia B.; Sanborn, Jon A.; Howard, Meredith. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1673.
Mass Spectrometry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Toxicology |
Applications of Chemistry
Learning Quality Assurance/Quality Control Using U.S. EPA Techniques. An Undergraduate Course for Environmental Chemistry Majors  Susan M. Libes
In the environmental realm, quality control (QC) includes activities associated with sampling, sample preservation and storage, method validation, and analysis involving solids, liquids, and gases. Students should be led to discover the need for QC by first performing analyses with little guidance. This is followed by a class discussion in which they critique their data.
Libes, Susan. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1642.
Instrumental Methods |
Quantitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry
Using TOPEX Satellite El Niño Altimetry Data to Introduce Thermal Expansion and Heat Capacity Concepts in Chemistry Courses  Harvey F. Blanck
Warm water is less dense than cool water and will float somewhat like ice, with a portion above the surface of the cooler surrounding water. The height of the bump can be used to estimate the excess thermal energy in the warmer water.
Blanck, Harvey F. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1635.
Liquids |
Thermodynamics |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
The Softening of Hard Water and Complexometric Titrations: An Undergraduate Experiment  Helena Ceretti, Enrique A. Hughes, and Anita Zalts
An experiment in which (i) water hardness is explained and demonstrated; (ii) ion-exchange resin properties are visually demonstrated and then used for softening water; (iii) complexometric titrations are used for evaluating water hardness before and after softening; and (iv) acid-base titration can be used to show that the Ca/Mg ions removed by the ion exchanger are replaced by H ions.
Ceretti, Helena; Hughes, Enrique A.; Zalts, Anita. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1420.
Ion Exchange |
Quantitative Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Acids / Bases
Experiments with Zeolites at the Secondary-School Level: Experience from The Netherlands  Eric N. Coker, Pamela J. Davis, Aonne Kerkstra, and Herman van Bekkum
This article describes a number of experiments that involve zeolites and are suitable for secondary-school chemistry laboratories. Students test the hardness of tap water before and after treatment with some zeolite and perform tests with a range of commercial laundry detergents containing zeolites.
Coker, Eric N.; Davis, Pamela J.; Kerkstra, Aonne; van Bekkum, Herman. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1417.
Ion Exchange |
Catalysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Cleaning Up with Chemistry: Investigating the Action of Zeolite in Laundry Detergent  
In this activity, you will investigate the properties of one ingredient, aluminosilicate. The particular aluminosilicate used in powdered laundry detergent is sodium zeolite A. In this activity, you will extract sodium zeolite A from powdered laundry detergent and examine its properties.
J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1416A.
Materials Science |
Consumer Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Separation Science |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Ion Exchange
Relative Humidity  R. Bruce Martin
Daily we hear reports of relative humidity, yet most students remain unfamiliar with its import. This short article defines and describes the concept at several levels. A new, general interest, isobaric plot directly indicates the dependence of relative humidity on temperature.
Martin, R. Bruce. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1081.
Consumer Chemistry |
Gases |
Nonmajor Courses |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Predicting Acid-Base Titration Curves without Calculations  Dennis W. Barnum
In this paper a qualitative and systematic method for sketching titration curves is presented. Even the more complex cases such as salts or polyprotic acids and bases are treated just as easily as simple monoprotic acids. Having students predict the shape of titration curves from known equilibrium constants helps to focus attention on the general principles without distraction by the mathematics.
Barnum, Dennis W. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 938.
Acids / Bases |
Quantitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Learning Theories |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Chemometrics
Innovations for an Industry-Based Curriculum: The I.O.N.S. Concept  John Kenkel, Bradette Hemmerling, and Paul Kelter
This paper describes an innovative concept, I.O.N.S. (Innovative Options and New Solutions), the name of a fictitious consulting corporation for which an introductory student is a chemistry technician; the activities and content are designed to build an understanding of chemistry in industry and society.
Kenkel, John; Hemmerling, Bradette; Kelter, Paul B. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 889.
Industrial Chemistry |
Learning Theories |
Applications of Chemistry |
Chemical Technicians
The Chemistry of Water (by Susan E. Kegley and Joy Andrews)  Debra J. McCool
The Chemistry of Water is a super book. It is more than a textbook, more than a lab manual. There is a great amount of good chemistry packed into its 160 pages. This module looks at the purity of water and methods to assess water quality.
McCool, Debra J. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 326.
Water / Water Chemistry
Fifty-Year Trends in the Chemical Industry: What Do They Mean for Chemical Education?  Chadwick A. Tolman and George W. Parshall
This article describes some of these changes from the perspectives of the authors, whose careers span most of the preceding half-century. We describe five illustrative technological developments in the industry and changes we have seen in the industrial research laboratory, and offer viewpoints on how these changes affect the educational needs of students going into industrial careers.
Tolman, Chadwick A.; Parshall, George W. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 177.
Industrial Chemistry |
Student / Career Counseling
Spring Shock!: Impact of Spring Snowmelt on Lakes and Streams  Judith A. Halstead
This activity uses frozen vinegar to demonstrate that what melts first forms a liquid more concentrated in acetic acid than normal vinegar. As melting continues, the concentration of acetic acid decreases and the pH goes up.
Judith A. Halstead. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 400A.
Acids / Bases |
Water / Water Chemistry
Identifying Bottled Water: A Problem-Solving Exercise in Chemical Identification  Richard L. Myers
Students are challenged to identify water samples using the known chemical analyses of bottled waters. Several common water quality measurements such as hardness, alkalinity, and ion analysis can be used by students to identify the unknown water. This exercise develops problem-solving skills as students become familiar with basic lab techniques, quality control, data interpretation, and standard methods.
Myers, Richard L. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1585.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Consumer Chemistry
To Teach Chemists Engineering  Raphael Semiat and Baruch Grinbaum
Based on our experience in R&D programs in the industry, working with chemists, engineers of all disciplines and technicians, we have encountered a problem with the ability of fresh chemists and biologists to cooperate with other professional workers on mutual problems: the lack of common language, professional limitations and ways of cooperation with coworkers.
Semiat, Raphael; Grinbaum, Baruch. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 583.
Industrial Chemistry
The DuPont Conference: Implications for the Chemical Technology Curriculum  John Kenkel, Sue Rutledge, and Paul B. Kelter
Southeast Community College (SCC) hosted the first DuPont Conference for Chemical Technology Education at its Lincoln, Nebraska campus October 4-6, 1997. The conference brought together fourteen practicing chemists and chemistry technicians and five college and university faculty members for the express purpose of suggesting new laboratory activities that would help relate the real world of work to the education of chemical laboratory technicians in community colleges.
Kenkel, John; Rutledge, Sue; Kelter, Paul B. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 531.
Industrial Chemistry
The Real Reason Why Oil and Water Don't Mix  Todd P. Silverstein
Authors should remove from their textbooks the incorrect enthalpic/hydrogen-bond explanation for the hydrophobic effect. Because aspects of the correct entropic/clathrate "cage" explanation lie beyond the scope of introductory or organic chemistry courses, it may be wisest to omit any detailed physical explanation of the "like dissolves like" phenomenon.
Silverstein, Todd P. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 116.
Theoretical Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
The Source of the Cloud Produced upon Adding Dry Ice to Water  Manu Kohli, Rudy L. Luck, and Veka Ohtamaa
Explains why a cloud is produced by adding dry ice to water.
Kohli, Manu; Luck, Rudy L.; Ohtamaa, Veka. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 60.
Solutions / Solvents |
Water / Water Chemistry
A Chemical Technology Program Partnership  Gary Hicks
Highlights a small 2-year college and its relations with chemical companies.
Hicks, Gary. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 18.
Administrative Issues |
Professional Development |
Industrial Chemistry
Acid Rain Demonstration: The Formation of Nitrogen Oxides as a By-Product of High-Temperature Flames in Connection with Internal Combustion Engines  Jerry A. Driscoll
This demonstration illustrates the formation of nitrogen oxides resulting from a high temperature flame.
Driscoll, Jerry A. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1424.
Equilibrium |
Learning Theories |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction
Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA  M. Cecilia Yappert and Donald B. DuPre
The competition of complexing agents for the same metal ion and the formation of colored metal-ion complexes is demonstrated with the use of an overhead projector. This demonstration can be used to emphasize both the relevance of the relative values of formation constants in the complexation of metal cations and the applicability of complexometric titrations in quantitative chemical analysis.
Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPre, Donald B. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1422.
Equilibrium |
Coordination Compounds |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Metals
A Discussion of Water Pollution in the United States and Mexico; with High School Laboratory Activities for the Analysis of Lead, Atrazine, and Nitrate  Paul B. Kelter, Julie Grundman, David S. Hage, James D. Carr, and Carlos Mauricio Castro-Acuña
In the first part of this paper we present an overview of water pollution in the United States and Mexico, including sources, federal regulations and standards, and standard methods for the assessment of overall water quality. The second part of the paper focuses on three water pollutants, lead, atrazine, and nitrate.
Kelter, Paul B.; Grundman, Julie; Hage, David S.; Carr, James D.; Mauricio, Carlos. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1413.
Water / Water Chemistry
Integrating High School Chemistry with Environmental Studies and Research  Jack Randall
This article is a summary of a presentation made at the 1996 BCCE in Clemson, SC, as part of a symposium detailing the integration of environmental topics into Chemistry curricula. High school chemistry has long used environmental topics to enhance the study of various components of the curriculum. This article illustrates the benefits of incorporating environmental science as an integral part of a high school Chemistry course.
Randall, Jack. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1409.
Learning Theories |
Nonmajor Courses |
Water / Water Chemistry
News from Online  Carolyn Sweeney Judd
WWW sites related to water and related environmental issues.
Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1394.
Water / Water Chemistry
Education for Industry  Lynn Melton
This column addresses a broader question about the function and performance of both undergraduate (and graduate) education in preparing students for industrial careers.
Melton, Lynn. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 754.
Industrial Chemistry
Partners in Chemical Education: Proceedings of the International Conference on Industry - Education Initiatives in Chemistry edited by J. N. Lazonby and D. J. Waddington  reviewed by Hal Harris
Considers the question "What is the place of industrial chemistry in the curriculum?"
Harris, Hal. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 626.
Industrial Chemistry
The Chemistry of Paper Preservation: Part 4. Alkaline Paper  Henry A. Carter
The use of alkaline paper can minimize the problem of acidity for new papers. This study focuses on the chemistry involved in the sizing of both acid and alkaline papers and the types of fillers used. The advantages and potential problems in alkaline paper making are also discussed.
Carter, Henry A. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 508.
Acids / Bases |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
The PACT Ambassador Outreach Program: More Than Just a Bunch of "Old White-Haired Scientists"  Mark Sabo, Mickey Sarquis, Chris Ennis
The Ambassador Program described in this article provides a mechanism for industrial/academic interaction to take place. The Ambassador Program brings industrial scientists and technicians into high school and two-year college classrooms to expose both students and teachers to issues faced in the industrial workplace and laboratory.
Sabo, Mark; Sarquis, Mickey; Ennis, Chris. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 450.
Industrial Chemistry
How to Offer the Optimal Demonstration of the Electrolysis of Water  Rei E. Zhou
This article proposes the optimal conditions for lecture demonstration to ensure that the generated H2 and O2 in the electrolysis of water are in the ratio of 2:1, satisfying the reaction scheme.
Zhou, Rei E. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 786.
Water / Water Chemistry
Constant-Current Coulometric Titration of Hydrochloric Acid  James Swim, Edward Earps, Laura M. Reed, and David Paul
In this experiment we have combined the titration of a strong acid with a strong base and the electrolysis of water into one complete laboratory experience.
James Swim, Edward Earps, Laura M. Reed, and David Paul. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 679.
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Acids / Bases |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction
Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in River and Bay Sediments: An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment in Environmental Chemistry Using Capillary Gas Chromatography with Electron Capture Detection  Susan E. Kegley, Kristen J. Hansen, and Kevin L. Cunningham
This paper briefly discusses the history of PCB use and provides guidelines for finding and evaluating PCB-contaminated sites as a way to interest students by showing them an application of chemistry to the "real world."
Kegley, Susan E.; Hansen, Kristen J.; Cunningham, Kevin L. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 558.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Gas Chromatography |
Applications of Chemistry |
Separation Science |
Solutions / Solvents
The Bobbing (Drinking) Bird  H. D. Gesser
This article answers the question of when the bobbing bird will stop bobbing. It offers two scenarios in which the bird will discontinue its bobbing motion.
Gesser, H. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 355.
Water / Water Chemistry
Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. Volume 2E: Toxicology, Fourth Edition (Clayton, George D.; Clayton, Florence E.)  
New title in a continuing series.
J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A109.
Industrial Chemistry |
Toxicology
Patty's Industrial Hygience and Toxicology, Volume 2D: Toxicology, Fourth Edition (Clayton, George D.; Clayton, Florence E.)  
Continuing series.
J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A93.
Toxicology |
Industrial Chemistry
Crystallization of Supersaturated Sodium Acetate and the Temperature Dependence of the Autoionization Constant of Water  Joseph A. Pergler, Ronald O. Ragsdale, and Thomas G. Richmond
A procedure to qualitatively demonstrate the variation of the autoionization constant of water with temperature.
Pergler, Joseph A.; Ragsdale, Ronald O.; Richmond, Thomas G. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 1027.
Crystals / Crystallography |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Acids / Bases |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Water / Water Chemistry
A New Low-Cost Apparatus for Electrolysis of Water   Chieko Suzuki
Low-cost alternative to the Hofmann apparatus for the electrolysis of water.
Suzuki, Chieko. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 912.
Electrochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
A World of Color: Investigating the Chemistry of Vat Dyes  Dianne N. Epp
Background and activities involving natural dyes known as vat dyes.
Epp, Dianne N. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 726.
Dyes / Pigments |
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Enrichment / Review Materials
The Chemistry of Fabric Reactive Dyes   Marcia C. Bonneau
Method for using tie dyeing as part of a high school unit on organic chemistry.
Bonneau, Marcia C. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 724.
Dyes / Pigments |
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Enrichment / Review Materials
An Environmental Chemistry Curriculum Using Case Studies  Cheng, Vincent K. W.
Using case studies to make environmental chemistry more interesting and relevant for students.
Cheng, Vincent K. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 525.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry
Lake Study for Macintosh  Whisnant, David M.; McCormick, James; Wagner, Paul
Software to simulate determination of the cause of fishkill in a lake.
Whisnant, David M.; McCormick, James; Wagner, Paul J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 492.
Water / Water Chemistry
Proper Waste Disposal Procedures (the author replies)  Sherman, Marie C.
Response to objections regarding improper waste disposal.
Sherman, Marie C. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 286.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Management
Proper Waste Disposal Procedures  Clarke, Karl
Objection to improper recommendation for waste disposal.
Clarke, Karl J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 286.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Management
Inhibition of Enzymatic Browning Reaction by Sulfite  Kim, Hie-Joon
Laboratory procedure for demonstrating the function of sulfite as an effective food additive.
Kim, Hie-Joon J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 242.
Enzymes |
Food Science |
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry
An Environmental Distillation Experiment for Nonscience Majors  Soriano, David S.; Draeger, Jon A.
Comparison of total dissolved solids for several samples of water before and after a single, simple distillation.
Soriano, David S.; Draeger, Jon A. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 84.
Separation Science |
Water / Water Chemistry
Checking Trace Nitrate in Water and Soil Using an Amateur Scientist's Measurement Guide  Baker, Roger C., Jr.
Procedures and apparatus (photometer) for measuring concentrations of nitrates in water and soil using common equipment and materials; includes data and analysis.
Baker, Roger C., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 57.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Agricultural Chemistry
Soda Water, Supercooling or Freezing Point Depression?  Brooker, Murray H.
Composition, preparation, properties, and behavior of soda water.
Brooker, Murray H. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 903.
Gases |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Solutions / Solvents |
Consumer Chemistry
Testing the Waters for Chromium  Herrmann, Mary S.
A test for the presence of Cr(IV) in water using a sensitive colorimetric reagent.
Herrmann, Mary S. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 323.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Metals |
Quantitative Analysis
A small-scale, easy-to-run wastewater-treatment plant: The treatment of an industrial water that contains suspended clays and soluble salts   Alvaro, Mercedes; Espla, Mercedes; Llinares, Jesus; Martinez-Manez, Ramon; Soto, Juan
Chemistry students are often interested in the chemical principles involved in industrial processes, the pollutants and waste products are generated, and their removal. This experiment introduces students to several theoretical concepts as they apply to real physical and chemical waste-treatment processes.
Alvaro, Mercedes; Espla, Mercedes; Llinares, Jesus; Martinez-Manez, Ramon; Soto, Juan J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, A129.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Green Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Colloids |
Separation Science
Chemistry tours for high school students: Connecting chemistry and business  Ball, Jenelle
Efforts to show high school students the relevance of chemistry in their lives are more powerful when students go on field trips to visit businesses that are related to chemistry. The author describes such a trip, where students visited the Dept. of Justice Criminalistics Lab at a local university.
Ball, Jenelle J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 656.
Forensic Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Administrative Issues
A two-dimensional model for water  Yalkowsky, Samuel H.
The tetrahedral arrangement of the two hydrogen atoms and two electron pairs of the water molecule are difficult to represent diagrammatically in two dimensions, resulting in great difficulty to explain the anomalous properties of water. Nonetheless, the author illustrates the great insights that can be gained from two-dimensional analogies.
Yalkowsky, Samuel H. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 614.
Water / Water Chemistry
Why is water blue?  Braun, Charles L.; Smirnov, Sergei N.
Exploring the problem of why water in a beaker appears to be clear, yet we see large bodies of water as blue in color.
Braun, Charles L.; Smirnov, Sergei N. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 612.
Atomic Spectroscopy |
Water / Water Chemistry
An industrial chemistry course: Bringing teachers and industry together  Fanning, James C.; Fanning, Sybil S.
Local industry is able to supply direct examples of basic chemical principles that a teacher might use in classroom. The authors are eager to share their experiences, materials, lesson plans, etc., to prepare teachers to take their own classroom excursions to local industries.
Fanning, James C.; Fanning, Sybil S. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 563.
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
A water treatment experiment (chemical hardness) for nonscience majors  Soriano, David S.; Draeger, Jon A.
Description of an activity used in a nonmajors course called 'Chemistry and Society'.
Soriano, David S.; Draeger, Jon A. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 414.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Instrumental Methods
Introducing the treatment of waste and wastewater in the general chemistry course: Applying physical and chemical principles to the problems of waste management  Dhawale, S. W.
Students learn simple lab techniques so that they can discuss applications such as cleanup of small-scale oil spills and the processes used to obtain drinkable pure water.
Dhawale, S. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 395.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Green Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Polarity, miscibility, and surface tension of liquids   Silverstein, Todd P.
A very simple overhead projector demonstration using water and ethanol to give a dramatic visual illustration of cohesive and adhesive forces.
Silverstein, Todd P. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 253.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
Lowering the surface tension of water: An illustration of the scientific method   Jasien, Paul G.; Barnett, Glenn
This demonstration has been effective in simulating a good discussion in class: floating non-wettable substances on the surface of water and touching the surface with a bar of soap.
Jasien, Paul G.; Barnett, Glenn J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 251.
Water / Water Chemistry
Interactive chemistry teaching units developed with the help of the local chemical industry: Applying classroom principles to the real needs of local companies to help students develop skill in teamwork, communications, and problem solving  Pontin, J. A.; Arico, E.; Pitoscio Filho, J.; Tiedemann, P. W.; Isuyama, R.; Fettis, G. C.
As part of a process of effective curriculum innovation, the authors are developing a project to produce teaching materials for chemistry undergraduate courses with an emphasis on the concerns of the local chemical industry.
Pontin, J. A.; Arico, E.; Pitoscio Filho, J.; Tiedemann, P. W.; Isuyama, R.; Fettis, G. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 223.
Applications of Chemistry |
Green Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Student-Centered Learning
Microscale experiments: Dissolved oxygen and chloride determination in water  Crosson, Mary; Gibb, Reen
Determining the dissolved oxygen and chloride content of water samples through titrations.
Crosson, Mary; Gibb, Reen J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 830.
Microscale Lab |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Capillary radius and surface tensions: Using calculations based on Tate's law.  Worley, John D.
An experiment that can be carried out without the use of a tensiometer or any other complex or expensive apparatus except for a balance.
Worley, John D. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 678.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Surface Science
The thermodynamics of home-made ice cream.  Gibbon, Donald L.; Kennedy, Keith; Reading, Nathan; Quieroz, Mardsen.
Using the production of ice cream to teach heat capacity, viscosity, and freezing-point reduction.
Gibbon, Donald L.; Kennedy, Keith; Reading, Nathan; Quieroz, Mardsen. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 658.
Thermodynamics |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
BCTC for Windows.  Whisnant, David M.; McCormick, James.
BCTC is an environmental simulation that is modeled after the dioxin controversy; students are involved in the investigation of a suspected carcinogen called BCTC found in a river and threatening a city's water supply.
Whisnant, David M.; McCormick, James. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 638.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Toxicology
Simple soda bottle solubility and equilibria  Snyder, Cheryl A.; Snyder, Dudley C.
Using a bottle of selzter water and bromocresol green to demonstrate gas-liquid solubility (carbon dioxide in water).
Snyder, Cheryl A.; Snyder, Dudley C. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 573.
Solutions / Solvents |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Equilibrium |
Gases |
Liquids |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
A reasonable alternative to water aspiration  Mulcahy, Francis M.; Robbins, Andrea M.
The authors have designed a manifold system to obtain the greatest possible use of their vacuum pumps.
Mulcahy, Francis M.; Robbins, Andrea M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 428.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Water / Water Chemistry
Boiling and freezing simultaneously - with a feeble vacuum pump!   Ellison, Mike
The author uses this demonstration of freezing and boiling at reduced pressure to reinforce concepts about energy effects in phase changes.
Ellison, Mike J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 325.
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Thermodynamics
Standard states for water equilibrium (author response).  Campbell, Mark L.; Waite, Boyd A.
For the purposes of comparison only the unconventionally derived Ka values should be used to compare equilibrium constants for other acids to determine relative acid strengths.
Campbell, Mark L.; Waite, Boyd A. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 256.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Brønsted-Lowry Acids / Bases
Standard states for water equilibrium.  Baldwin, W. George; Burchill, C. Eugene.
The authors consider that Ka and Kb values for Bronsted acids and bases in aqueous solution represent one data set describing the properties of solutes in dilute aqueous solution.
Baldwin, W. George; Burchill, C. Eugene. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 255.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Brønsted-Lowry Acids / Bases
Chemistry and popular culture: The 007 bond.  Last, Arthur M.
The purpose of this paper is to show how chemistry references from Bond books and movies can be related to a variety of topics taught in a typical undergraduate chemistry course.
Last, Arthur M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 206.
Natural Products |
Industrial Chemistry
Freezing point depression in a bottle of soda   Bare, William D.
The "ravenous consumption of soda" by today's students makes an interesting model with which to demonstrate the effect of solute concentration on the freezing point of an aqueous solution.
Bare, William D. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 1038.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Water / Water Chemistry
Chemical equilibrium: VIII. Precipitates   Gordus, Adon A.
The final article in a series (see previous months this year): This article focuses on ionic precipitates in water and how buffered solutions allow easier calculation of solubilities.
Gordus, Adon A. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 927.
Acids / Bases |
Equilibrium |
pH |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Demonstrations of interfacial phenomena   Prall, Bruce R.
Overhead projector demonstrations that illustrate the interfacial interactions of the following systems: 1) water and carbon tetrachloride, 2) copper wire and water, 3) 1-Octanol and water.
Prall, Bruce R. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 592.
Surface Science |
Liquids |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
College chemistry for business students using the issues-directed approach  Adams, David L.
While chemistry and chemical technologies are important to business, business students who have taken chemistry courses geared toward science and engineering majors have learned very little and grown disenchanted with science. An introductory course for business students was created called, "Chemical technologies in the manufacturing system."
Adams, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 483.
Nonmajor Courses |
Industrial Chemistry
Magnetic models of ions and water molecules for overhead projection   Davies, William G.
This paper describes a set of lecture-demonstration models that are easily made from ceramic magnets like those found in many discount stores and hobby shops.
Davies, William G. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 245.
Water / Water Chemistry
Bromothymol surprise  Maier, Linda L.
Dropping a tablet of Alka Seltzer into a bromothymol blue solution.
Maier, Linda L. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 963.
Acids / Bases |
Dyes / Pigments |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Ice under pressure  Chang, Raymond; Skinner, James F.
A piece of steel music wire pulled through a block of ice by weights on either side.
Chang, Raymond; Skinner, James F. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 789.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Physical Properties
Magic sand: Modeling the hydrophobic effect and reversed-phase liquid chromatography  Vitz, Ed
The procedures described here are meant to reveal the important "nonsolvent" properties of water through its interaction with Magic Sand, and other synthetic silica derivatives.
Vitz, Ed J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 512.
Chromatography |
Water / Water Chemistry
An inexpensive device for collection of samples of water for dissolved oxygen determination without air contact   Favaretto, Lelio
This communication describes a simple and inexpensive device that permits the collection of water samples and fixation of dissolved oxygen by the Winkler method.
Favaretto, Lelio J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 509.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An inexpensive laboratory steam generator  Hagen, James P.; Barton, Kevin L.
The authors have devised an inexpensive, more efficient, safer heat source suitable for laboratories not equipped with house steam.
Hagen, James P.; Barton, Kevin L. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 448.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management
Dramatizing isotopes: Deuterated ice cubes sink   Ellis, Arthur B.; Adler, Edward A.; Juergens, Frederick H.
The authors describe a safe, striking demonstration of the effect of isotopic substitution.
Ellis, Arthur B.; Adler, Edward A.; Juergens, Frederick H. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 159.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Isotopes
An automatic water trap for steam distillation  Ruekberg, Ben
The unpleasant aspects of the water trap can be avoided with a simple, inexpensive device that renders the water trap automatically selfdraining.
Ruekberg, Ben J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 66.
Separation Science |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
An experiment to demonstrate the application of the scientific method  Tannenbaum, Irving R.
Boiling water as a demonstration to lead students to make and interpret careful observations.
Tannenbaum, Irving R. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 597.
Water / Water Chemistry
Textbook error: Industrial production of alumina  Kennard, Colin H. L.
In the industrial world, the Al(OH)4- is reprecipitated by dropping the temperature and pressure, and the supersaturated solution seeded.
Kennard, Colin H. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 313.
Industrial Chemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility
The interconversion of electrical and chemical energy: The electrolysis of water and the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell  Roffia, Sergio; Concialini, Vittorio; Paradisi, Carmen
Presentation of a simple apparatus that allows an instructor to perform the electrolysis of water and the back conversion of the products to water while overcoming some typical drawbacks encountered in this process.
Roffia, Sergio; Concialini, Vittorio; Paradisi, Carmen J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 725.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Electrochemistry
Interfacial phenomena   Anwander, Alberto E.; Grant, Richard P. J. S.; Letcher, Trevor M.
The interfaces between liquids, and liquids and gases, have a number of possible permutations that lead to exotic phenomenon such as antibubbles, floating drops, boules, polyaphrons, and hanging air bubbles. The authors give directions for demonstrating these in the classroom or lab.
Anwander, Alberto E.; Grant, Richard P. J. S.; Letcher, Trevor M. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 608.
Surface Science |
Liquids |
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
A method for teaching science, technology, and societal issues in introductory high school and college chemistry classes  Streitberger, H. Eric
Most textbooks provide few, if any, systematic procedures for involving students with societal problems and issues in their lives related to chemistry. This is inconsistent with goals set in order to meet the growing need for students to be familiar with the science of (among other things) nutrition, environment, drugs, and more. This article gives a brief description of a project that acquaints students with these issues.
Streitberger, H. Eric J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 60.
Consumer Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Green Chemistry |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry
An introduction to HAZOP: A hazard and operability technique  Pitts, Martin J.
Purpose, method, and use of HAZOP, a technique developed to find and control unanticipated dangers in the chemical industry.
Pitts, Martin J. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, A44.
Industrial Chemistry
Correct equilibrium constants for water (the authors reply)  Starkey, Ronald; Norman, Jack; Hinitze, Mark
Water and hydronium ion Ka values are special cases.
Starkey, Ronald; Norman, Jack; Hinitze, Mark J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 1068.
Equilibrium |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Thermodynamics
Correct equilibrium constants for water  Baldwin, W. George; Burchill, C. Eugene
Disagreement with the numerical values assigned to equilibrium constants.
Baldwin, W. George; Burchill, C. Eugene J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 1067.
Equilibrium |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
When oil and water do not mix  Trammell, Gary L.
An introduction to the physics and chemistry of interfaces and lipids, and reactions in micelles.
Trammell, Gary L. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 1022.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
Micelles |
Lipids
An aqueous problem with an interesting solution  Thomas, Nicholas C.
Flow diagram outlining the steps to calculating the number of water molecules in one drop of water and the length of all these molecules stretched end to end.
Thomas, Nicholas C. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 611.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Stoichiometry
Laboratory safety guidelines: 40 steps for a safer laboratory  Kaufman, James A.
Revision of a DOW safety brochure including 26 steps requiring minimal expense and 14 steps requiring moderate expense.
Kaufman, James A. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 161.
Industrial Chemistry |
Laboratory Management
Haber-Tech: A simulation of the industrial synthesis of ammonia (Bauder, Donald)  Bailey, David N.; Sievers, Dennis
Two reviews of a slickly done program with good, colorful graphics which treats a subject rarely given much coverage.
Bailey, David N.; Sievers, Dennis J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, A178.
Industrial Chemistry |
Amines / Ammonium Compounds
The quicker picker upper experiment   Snow, Albert J.
A popular commercial slogan as an in for chemistry instructors to talk about capillary action.
Snow, Albert J. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 1086.
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
The electrolysis of water: An improved demonstration procedure   Heideman, Stephen
The usual use of sulfuric acid as the electrolyte in the demonstration of the electrolysis of water does not allow students to observe the accompanying pH changes at the electrodes.
Heideman, Stephen J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 809.
Water / Water Chemistry |
pH |
Electrochemistry
A community college program for the training of technicians  Kenkel, John
This paper describes a technician training program in operation at Southeast Community College in Lincoln, Nebraska.
Kenkel, John J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 614.
Chemical Technicians |
Industrial Chemistry
A demonstration of the transformation of a hydrophobic liquid to a partially hydrophilic semisolid  Nugent, James, F.
This demonstration models a reaction commonly used as industrial means for converting animal and vegetable fats and oils to food-grade emulsifiers.
Nugent, James, F. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 82.
Food Science |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Fatty Acids
Industrial chemistry at Michigan Tech  Bates, D. K.; Ponter, A. B.
List of required and optional courses in the industrial chemistry program at Michigan Tech.
Bates, D. K.; Ponter, A. B. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 745.
Industrial Chemistry
The water softener - A relevant, unifying example of many common chemical principles and calculations  Fulkrod, John E.
Determining the amount of sodium chloride needed for a water softener to replace all the hard water ions in a month's water supply for a typical household.
Fulkrod, John E. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 529.
Applications of Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
Industrial chemistry bibliography  Marmor, Solomon
A bibliography of industrial chemistry articles published in the Journal from 1968-1983, recent texts, and symposia.
Marmor, Solomon J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 331.
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Students' preferences for industrial case studies  Nae, Hemi; Hofstein, Avi
Integrating industrial chemistry into the high school curriculum; examples of topics considered and objectives for industrial chemistry.
Nae, Hemi; Hofstein, Avi J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 198.
Industrial Chemistry
Water electrolysis-A surprising experiment  Kelsh, Dennis J.
Using aluminum wire for the cathode will produce "too much" hydrogen.
Kelsh, Dennis J. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 154.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Electrochemistry
Safety and Accident Prevention in Chemical Operations, Second Edition (Fawcett, Howard H.; Wood, William S.)  Houk, Cliff
Information to make work environments safer.
Houk, Cliff J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, A139.
Laboratory Management |
Industrial Chemistry
The effect of polarity on solubility  Nordstrom, Brian H.
Students observe that iodine dissolves readily in 1,1,1-trichloroethane but not water.
Nordstrom, Brian H. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 1009.
Precipitation / Solubility |
Solutions / Solvents |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Water / Water Chemistry
Modeling hypersaline lake "turn-over"  Sprague, Gary
Modeling saline lake inversions with a saturated salt solution in a beaker.
Sprague, Gary J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 956.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
The extraction of gold and its simulation with copper  Bradley, J. D.; Brand, M.; Louli, J. A. M.
The simulation of the extraction of gold by the use of its analog, copper, makes it possible to capitalize on the glamor of gold without sacrificing any chemical principles.
Bradley, J. D.; Brand, M.; Louli, J. A. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 634.
Separation Science |
Metallurgy |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals
Scientific exploration with a microcomputer: Simulations for nonscientists  Whisnant, David M.
52. A four week-long exercise aimed at involving students with the scientific method through the use of a computer-simulated lake study.
Whisnant, David M. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 627.
Nonmajor Courses |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
A private corporation as part of a chemistry department  Bayer, Richard
Agreement between Carroll College and Bionomics Corporation, examples of problems and projects, and keys to a successful relationship.
Bayer, Richard J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 159.
Industrial Chemistry |
Administrative Issues
Polymer chemistry for introductory general chemistry courses  Polymer Core Course Committee in General Chemistry
There exists a breadth in what is taught today as General or Introductory Chemistry. This breadth is typically limited by topics covered in popular texts and by specifications described by the ACS Committee on Professional Training. A new committee makes an effort to recommend polymer-related topics that can be added within these limits.
Polymer Core Course Committee in General Chemistry J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 973.
Industrial Chemistry
Dyeing of anodized aluminum  Grotz, Leonard C.
Anodization of Al is widely practiced in industry to improve the corrosion resistance of articles made of aluminum.
Grotz, Leonard C. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 763.
Industrial Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals |
Dyes / Pigments |
Applications of Chemistry
A quantitative gas chromatographic ethanol determination: a contemporary analytical experiment  Leary, James J.
This note describes a gas chromatographic experiment for the quantitative determination of volume percent ethanol in water ethanol solutions.
Leary, James J. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 675.
Gas Chromatography |
Quantitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Alcohols
The determination of anionic surfactants in natural and waste waters  Crisp, P. T.; Eckert, J. M.; Gibson, N. A.
The experiment described in this paper is suitable for the measurement of subpart per million concentrations of anionic surfactants in natural waters and industrial effluents.
Crisp, P. T.; Eckert, J. M.; Gibson, N. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 236.
Industrial Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Surface Science
The chemical oceanographer   Abel, Robert B.
Oceanography holds fascinating subject matter for students learning chemistry.
Abel, Robert B. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 221.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Food Science |
Geochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Applications of Chemistry
Simple control system for automated, multistage stills  Uphaus, R. A.; Kostka, A. G.
A system that uses LEDs to sense the water level in a still pot and control the rate of heat input to the still heating jackets.
Uphaus, R. A.; Kostka, A. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 674.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Water / Water Chemistry
Chemistry in action: How to plan a visit to the chemical industry  Nae, Hemi; Mandler, Vera; Hofstein, Avi; Samuel, David
Important considerations in planning a visit to the chemical industry.
Nae, Hemi; Mandler, Vera; Hofstein, Avi; Samuel, David J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 582.
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
A simple experiment for determining vapor pressure and enthalpy of vaporization of water  Levinson, Gerald S.
It is possible to determine the vapor pressure of water using only a tall beaker, a graduated cylinder, and a thermometer.
Levinson, Gerald S. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 337.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Gases |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Red cabbage and the electrolysis of water  Skinner, James F.
The demonstration profiled here has proven effective in bringing together concepts from acid-base chemistry and electrochemistry.
Skinner, James F. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 1017.
Electrochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Acids / Bases
Red cabbage and the electrolysis of water  Skinner, James F.
The demonstration profiled here has proven effective in bringing together concepts from acid-base chemistry and electrochemistry.
Skinner, James F. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 1017.
Electrochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Acids / Bases
A novel source of distilled water for science laboratories in the humid tropics  Ikediobi, C. O.
One of the most serious infrastructure headaches of developing countries is the acute shortage of potable water. In the face of this difficulty, the author offers some helpful tips for chemistry instructors.
Ikediobi, C. O. J. Chem. Educ. 1981, 58, 788.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Management
Stormy weather  Taylor, Thomas E.
Question regarding the formation of rain clouds and the exothermic process of condensation.
Taylor, Thomas E. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 732.
Thermodynamics |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
Apple dunking  O'Connor, Rod
Question regarding the ratio between ions of p-nitrophenylhydrazone in reducing the pH of basic effluent.
O'Connor, Rod J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 598.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents |
pH |
Industrial Chemistry
Electroforming: An improvised experiment on electroplating  Gorodetsky, Malka; Singerman, Ammon
The difference between electroplating and electroforming, and an experiment in the latter.
Gorodetsky, Malka; Singerman, Ammon J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 514.
Electrochemistry |
Industrial Chemistry
Fluoridated water  Muhler, Joseph C.
Answers to a number of questions regarding the fluoridation of drinking water.
Muhler, Joseph C. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 496.
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
What industry should do for campus safety  Shreeve, Jean'ne M.; Renfrew, Malcolm M.
Industry can do much by critically examining the safety competencies of chemists and chemical engineers hired from universities.
Shreeve, Jean'ne M.; Renfrew, Malcolm M. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 435.
Industrial Chemistry |
Student / Career Counseling
Catalysis  Kolb, Doris
Definitions for and history of catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions, enzymes, and industrial catalysis.
Kolb, Doris J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 743.
Catalysis |
Rate Law |
Enzymes |
Industrial Chemistry
An acid can be basic  MCA staff
The uses and production of sulfuric acid.
MCA staff J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 529.
Acids / Bases |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Petroleum chemistry  Kolb, Doris; Kolb, Kenneth E.
The history of petroleum chemistry.
Kolb, Doris; Kolb, Kenneth E. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 465.
Natural Products |
Geochemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Industrial Chemistry |
Catalysis |
Polymerization
Ethylene: The organic chemical industry's most important building block  Fernelius, Condrad W.; Wittcoff, Harold; Varnerin, Robert E.
The sources, chemistry, and industrial uses of ethylene.
Fernelius, Condrad W.; Wittcoff, Harold; Varnerin, Robert E. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 385.
Alkenes |
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Polymerization
Wonder water: Another idea that is hard to work into a conversation  Smith, Douglas D.
The many benefits of degassed water.
Smith, Douglas D. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 338.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Development of intellectual skills in the laboratory  Ophardt, Charles E.
This first semester laboratory was designed to give instruction and practice in the intellectual skills of application, analysis, synthesis, and in Piaget's formal operations.
Ophardt, Charles E. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 485.
Learning Theories |
Qualitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Electroplating of polyethylene  Gorodetsky, Malka
In the process of reorganizing a first-year chemistry laboratory for engineering students the authors have developed experiments that reproduce the approach in solving industrial chemical problems.
Gorodetsky, Malka J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 66.
Industrial Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Metals
Emphasis on acids and bases  J. Chem. Educ. Staff
Considers the acidity or basicity in soils and natural waters; the acid-base balance in body chemistry; acidic and basic foods; the approximate pH values of common fluids; examples of acidic, basic, and neutral drugs; and the commercial preparation of nitric acid.
J. Chem. Educ. Staff J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 626.
Acids / Bases |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Food Science |
Applications of Chemistry |
pH |
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
323-329.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 622.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Toxicology |
Applications of Chemistry
Chemistry for nonscience students  Miller, Theodore L.
Briefly describes two chemistry-related science courses for liberal arts students: Chemistry and Industry and Forensic Chemistry.
Miller, Theodore L. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 502.
Nonmajor Courses |
Industrial Chemistry |
Forensic Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
315-322. Eight questions on subjects related to environmental chemistry and their answers.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 498.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Silver ion in water purification: A follow-up  Quane, Denis
Applying a previous idea on the possible use of silver ion in water purification to teaching the concept of Ksp.
Quane, Denis J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 381.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Solutions / Solvents
Le Chtelier's principle: A laboratory exercise  Friedman, Frederica
Le Chtelier's principle can be demonstrated by showing that water can boil at temperatures below 100C due to reduced vapor pressure.
Friedman, Frederica J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 236.
Equilibrium |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Gases |
Water / Water Chemistry
Chemist's view of oceanography  Cutshall, Norman H.
The structure of oceanography, chemists in oceanography, chemical analysis in oceanography, chemical oceanography research, and chemical oceanographers in marine pollution studies.
Cutshall, Norman H. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 162.
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Marine biochemistry. A new interdisciplinary course for the interim  Goldberg, Arthur S.
A course was implemented entitled "Marine Biochemistry" as a result of both student interest and increasing awareness of scientists of the potential usefulness of substances from the sea. A number of recent books and articles have been published and used as source material for the course.
Goldberg, Arthur S. J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 717.
Water / Water Chemistry
Non-covalent interactions: Key to biological flexibility and specificity  Frieden, Earl
Summarizes the types of non-covalent interactions found among biomolecules and how they facilitate the function of antibodies, hormones, and hemoglobin.
Frieden, Earl J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 754.
Noncovalent Interactions |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Proteins / Peptides |
Amino Acids |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Hormones
Chlorine in your water  Smith, J. G.
The use, chemistry, and alternatives to chlorine and chlorine compounds in water supplies.
Smith, J. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 656.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
206-211. Six questions regarding topics in environmental chemistry and biochemistry.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 655.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Odor generation in the kraft process  Karnofski, Michael A.
Considers the kraft process, sources of odors in the process, and the chemistry of the formation of those odors.
Karnofski, Michael A. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 490.
Industrial Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Applications of Chemistry
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
193-197. Five biochemical questions and their answers.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 457.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
pH |
Isotopes |
Water / Water Chemistry
Maximizing profits in equilibrium processes  Rish, Ronald J.
Provides the student with an example in which both chemical principles and calculus are applied to a realistic industrial situation where profits are a must.
Rish, Ronald J. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 441.
Equilibrium |
Industrial Chemistry |
Chemometrics
A study of water pollution. An undergraduate chemistry laboratory experience  Sarkis, Vahak D.
In addition to its environmental relevance, a water pollution study of the inorganic constituents in water as outlined in this article, provides the student with certain important principles of chemistry namely, colorimetric and titrimetric procedures.
Sarkis, Vahak D. J. Chem. Educ. 1974, 51, 745.
Applications of Chemistry |
Metals |
Green Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Demonstration of solubility of "immiscible" fluids  Koob, R. D.; Tallman, D. E.
Demonstrating that hexane is miscible in water.
Koob, R. D.; Tallman, D. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 724.
Solutions / Solvents |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Alkanes / Cycloalkanes
Nitric acid in rain water  Gleason, Geoffrey I.
This trace analysis experiment is based on the conversion of nitrate to nitrite using a cadmium amalgam reductor column.
Gleason, Geoffrey I. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 718.
Acids / Bases |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry
An experiment sequence involving potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate  Brooks, David W.
This procedure explores the synthesis, analysis, and photochemical reactions of potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate.
Brooks, David W. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 218.
Industrial Chemistry |
Synthesis |
Photochemistry
The chemistry of pollution - An experimental course  Frank, David L.
Briefly outlines the goals and topics of a course entitled "Chemistry of Air Pollution."
Frank, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 209.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Dissolved oxygen determination  Berger, Toby E.
Details regarding the cited procedure.
Berger, Toby E. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 160.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
Notes on determination of dissolved oxygen  Sommers, Raymond A.
Simplifications in the referenced procedure that make it more suitable for the introductory laboratory.
Sommers, Raymond A. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 160.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
Soda ash-manufacture - An example of what?  Glanville, Jim; Rau, Eric
The use of the Solvay process to exemplify certain principles in freshman courses can be extended into areas of chemical economics and environmental pollution.
Glanville, Jim; Rau, Eric J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 64.
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Special session: Women's caucus  Brownlee, Paula

Brownlee, Paula J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 21.
Conferences |
Professional Development |
Water / Water Chemistry
Beyond the Conventional Classroom. Session II-A: Continuing education  Heikkinen, Henry; Zuehlke, Rick; Alexander, John
Combating technical obsolescence; rent o prof; water, man and chemistry; and an undergraduate-graduate research collaboration program.
Heikkinen, Henry; Zuehlke, Rick; Alexander, John J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 18.
Conferences |
Professional Development |
Industrial Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Undergraduate Research
The determination of dissolved oxygen by the Winkler method. A student laboratory experiment  McCormick, Patrick G.
This method is based on the reaction between oxygen and a suspension of manganese(II) hydroxide in a strongly alkaline solution.
McCormick, Patrick G. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 839.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Gases |
Quantitative Analysis |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Radiometric analysis of ammonia in water  Mehra, M. C.
In this experiment, the silver concentration in aqueous solution is determined radiometrically using silver-110 as the radiotracer.
Mehra, M. C. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 837.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Isotopes |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis
Sliding friction and skiing  Plumb, Robert C.; Van Hook, Alexander
What causes the film of water to form under skis and ice skates?
Plumb, Robert C.; Van Hook, Alexander J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 830.
Water / Water Chemistry
Water analysis experiment  Anderlick, Barbara
Analyzing various water samples for the presence of a variety of ions.
Anderlick, Barbara J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 749.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Qualitative Analysis |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Metals
Efficient use of washing solvents. A quantitative treatment  Boschmann, Edwin
A quantitative study of the efficient use of washing solvents (e.g. distilled water) in the laboratory.
Boschmann, Edwin J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 650.
Laboratory Management |
Water / Water Chemistry
Measurement of pH of distilled water  Youmans, Hubert L.
Resolving the problem of pH meters giving readings for the pH of distilled water that differ significantly from 7.
Youmans, Hubert L. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 429.
Water / Water Chemistry |
pH |
Quantitative Analysis
Dissolved oxygen. A relevant experiment for the introductory laboratory  Stagg, William R.
Students measure the dissolved oxygen content of water from several natural sources as well as the change in solubility with temperature.
Stagg, William R. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 427.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Quantitative Analysis |
Solutions / Solvents |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Gases
Why is the oxygen in water negative?  Liebman, Joel F.
Oxygen in water is negative because a negative charge, unlike a positive, can be stabilized using ground state ionic resonance structures.
Liebman, Joel F. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 415.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Oxidation State
Chemistry laboratories and other ecosystems  Wynn, Charles M.
Suggestions for reducing water pollution from the chemistry laboratory.
Wynn, Charles M. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 225.
Laboratory Management |
Water / Water Chemistry
Squeak, skid and glide - The unusual properties of snow and ice  Plumb, Robert C.; Fletcher, N. H.
The Clapeyron equation controls the behavior of ice under varying conditions of temperature and pressure.
Plumb, Robert C.; Fletcher, N. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 179.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Equilibrium
Squeak, skid and glide - The unusual properties of snow and ice  Plumb, Robert C.; Fletcher, N. H.
The Clapeyron equation controls the behavior of ice under varying conditions of temperature and pressure.
Plumb, Robert C.; Fletcher, N. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 179.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Equilibrium
The effervescence of ocean surf  Plumb, Robert C.; Blanchard, Duncan C.; Bilofsky, Howard S.; Bridgman, Wilbur B.
A pure liquid will not foam, but all true solutions will, as dictated by the fundamental concepts of surface thermodynamics enunciated by Gibbs.
Plumb, Robert C.; Blanchard, Duncan C.; Bilofsky, Howard S.; Bridgman, Wilbur B. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 29.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Gases |
Solutions / Solvents |
Thermodynamics
An introductory experiment on phosphates in detergents  Mohrig, Jerry R.
Examines the phosphate controversy, the roles of phosphates in detergents, the chemistry of phosphates and their colorimetric determination, and presents an experiment in which the amount of phosphate is measured using two different analytical methods.
Mohrig, Jerry R. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 15.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis |
Applications of Chemistry
Gas Laws, Equilibrium, and the Commercial Synthesis of Nitric acid. A Simple Demonstration  Alexander, M. Dale
This demonstration of the commercial production of nitric acid uses a simple apparatus to illustrate a number of basic chemical concepts, including Le Chatelier's principle.
Alexander, M. Dale J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 838.
Synthesis |
Industrial Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Gases |
Equilibrium |
Reactions |
Stoichiometry
Polywater. A lesson and opportunity in science  Christian, P. A.; Berka, L. H.
The authors present an intriguing observation and offer outlines of some possible studies that can be undertaken in any adequately equipped high school or college chemistry laboratory.
Christian, P. A.; Berka, L. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 667.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Solutions / Solvents
Analysis of phosphate in detergents  Kriz, George S., Jr.; Kriz, Kay Dian
The experiment described here is a response to the need mentioned above and is specifically concerned with water pollution caused by phosphate detergents. It is ideal for today's students who concerned about the environment.
Kriz, George S., Jr.; Kriz, Kay Dian J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 551.
Surface Science |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Heat of hydration  Dannhauser, Walter
A commonly published experiment can be expanded so that students may obtain the enthalpy of the reaction between anhydrous salts and water.
Dannhauser, Walter J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 329.
Thermodynamics |
Crystals / Crystallography |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Noncovalent Interactions
Ten-year experiment with chemistry students  Meszaros, L.
The author shares an account of a program in which students are engaged in practical operations as a part of their training to become professional employees in the chemical industry.
Meszaros, L. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 767.
Industrial Chemistry |
Student / Career Counseling
Is ammonia like water?  Gill, J. B.
This article sets out to compare some of the properties of the two most widely studied solvents, water and liquid ammonia, and in particular illustrate some comparative aspects that are not normally considered.
Gill, J. B. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 619.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
Industrial chemistry for teachers: Applied research in the development of anticaries dentifrices  Cooley, William E.
Describes applied chemical research related to the development of anticaries dentifrices.
Cooley, William E. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 177.
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry
Safety manuals and handbooks  Monsanto Chemical Co. Research Center
Excerpts from Monsanto's laboratory safety guide.
Monsanto Chemical Co. Research Center J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, A881.
Laboratory Management |
Industrial Chemistry
Calcium carbonate equilibria in the oceans - ion pair formation  Morton, Stephen D.; Lee, G. Fred
Discusses some of the problems encountered in studying the chemistry of lakes and oceans, focussing on the solubility of calcium carbonate in marine environments.
Morton, Stephen D.; Lee, G. Fred J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 513.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Qualitative Analysis
Calcium carbonate equilibria in lakes  Morton, Stephen D.; Lee, G. Fred
Discusses some of the problems encountered in studying the chemistry of lakes and oceans, focussing on the solubility of calcium carbonate in fresh water lakes.
Morton, Stephen D.; Lee, G. Fred J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 511.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Equilibrium
A sober dialogue toward balance  Sparks, William J.
Encourages greater cooperation between academia and industry, including in the area of polymer chemistry.
Sparks, William J. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 505.
Industrial Chemistry
Over one-half of industry's concern  Cairns, Robert W.
The separation between science and technology is an anachronistic dichotomy; includes an outline for a survey course in polymer science.
Cairns, Robert W. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 503.
Industrial Chemistry
Both students and industry have a stake  Bailey, William J.
In order to attract more polymer chemists to academic staffs, industry will have to play more than just a passive role.
Bailey, William J. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 500.
Industrial Chemistry |
Student / Career Counseling
Academic preparation for industry  Lippincott, W. T.
An area of chemical education that might be in need of attention is that related to the preparation of students for careers as industrial chemists.
Lippincott, W. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 149.
Student / Career Counseling |
Industrial Chemistry
Group 1. The Alkali Metals. The Copper Group   Mancuso, Carl J.; Alyea, Hubert N.
Demonstrations include the density and melting point of copper versus sodium, the conductivity of sodium, the reactivity with water of groups IA vs IB, and the stability of CO3--, HCO3-, and hydroxides of groups IA vs IB.
Mancuso, Carl J.; Alyea, Hubert N. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A919.
Metals |
Reactions |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Physical Properties
Electrolysis: H2O and H2O2  Eberhardt, William H.
This demonstration involves the concurrent electrolysis of water and hydrogen peroxide.
Eberhardt, William H. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, A591.
Electrochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
A model of the ice structure  Lambert, Jack L.; Seitz, Larry M.
Instructions for constructing a physical model of ice.
Lambert, Jack L.; Seitz, Larry M. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 504.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Molecular Modeling |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Distilled water purity monitor using an ac polarization electrode  Freedman, R. W.; Radkoff, S.
Presents a circuit diagram for a distilled water purity monitor using an ac polarization electrode.
Freedman, R. W.; Radkoff, S. J. Chem. Educ. 1964, 41, 387.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Removal of hardness and deionization of water by the ion exchange method  Sangster, A. W.
Demonstrates the removal of calcium and chloride ions through ion exchange.
Sangster, A. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, A987.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Ion Exchange
The hydrated hydronium ion  Clever, H. Lawrence
It is the purpose of this brief review to cite and discuss some of the evidence for the existence of the trihydrated hydronium ion.
Clever, H. Lawrence J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 637.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Brønsted-Lowry Acids / Bases
Alkali metal-water reactions  Markowitz, Meyer M.
The typical open-air demonstration of sodium reacting with water does not in reality represent the typical reaction of an alkali metal with liquid water; the article goes on to consider other factors that may influence these reactions.
Markowitz, Meyer M. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 633.
Reactions |
Metals |
Water / Water Chemistry
Letters to the editor  Swayze, Donald R.
Examines balancing chemical equations.
Swayze, Donald R. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 269.
Stoichiometry |
Industrial Chemistry
Laboratory experiments dealing with the manufacture of paints  Young, Jay A.; Taylor, John K.
Suggests some research activities based on an article published previously in the Journal.
Young, Jay A.; Taylor, John K. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, A962.
Industrial Chemistry |
Synthesis |
Dyes / Pigments |
Undergraduate Research
The science study series. Volumes 12 and 18  Kieffer, William F.

Kieffer, William F. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 588.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Ultra Low Conductivity Water  National Bureau of Standards Summary Technical Report
Describes the production of water with a conductivity approaching the lower theoretical limit.
National Bureau of Standards Summary Technical Report J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 421.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Conductivity |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
The ionization constant of water  Dirkse, Thedford P.
Some textbooks claim that the ion product constant of water is constant under all conditions at a given temperature.
Dirkse, Thedford P. J. Chem. Educ. 1961, 38, 260.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry
The Role of Chemistry in Modern Metallurgical Engineering  Burr, Arthur A.
A review and summary of chemistry in curricula for metallurgical engineering.
Burr, Arthur A. J. Chem. Educ. 1958, 35, 100.
Metals |
Metallurgy |
Industrial Chemistry
Chemistry in the manufacture of modern gasoline  Kimberlin, C. N., Jr.
This paper presents a brief review of the chemistry involved in the manufacture of gasoline, particularly catalytic cracking reactions.
Kimberlin, C. N., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 569.
Industrial Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Catalysis |
Mechanisms of Reactions
Teaching report writing to professional chemists and chemical engineers  Waldo, W. H.
Reports on research into industry's teaching report writing to professional chemists and chemical engineers.
Waldo, W. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 59.
Industrial Chemistry
The educational role of the technical editor  Davis, D. S.
In chemical engineering industries the technical editor. who is primarily a teacher, trains chemists and chemical engineers to write clearly and simply.
Davis, D. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 57.
Industrial Chemistry
Effect of water on the interaction of aluminum and iodine  Azmatullah, Syed; Viswanathan, Argot
A drop of water added to powdered aluminum and iodine initiates a vigorous reaction.
Azmatullah, Syed; Viswanathan, Argot J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 447.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Reactions
Water, a basic natural resource  Keirstead, Ralph E.
Describes the many uses for water and its importance as a basic natural resource.
Keirstead, Ralph E. J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 99.
Water / Water Chemistry
Raw materials for American industry  Keirstead, Ralph E.
The author argues for broadening the treatment of raw materials in the introductory chemistry course.
Keirstead, Ralph E. J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 606.
Industrial Chemistry |
Metals
Letters to the editor  Miller, Julius Sumner
Commentary on the importance of chemistry teachers getting out of the classroom, particularly to observe relevant applications in industry.
Miller, Julius Sumner J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 496.
Industrial Chemistry |
Professional Development
Consulting chemistry as an example of industrial research  Snell, Cornelia T.
The author describes his work as a consulting chemist.
Snell, Cornelia T. J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 100.
Industrial Chemistry
Industrial advertising as a source of information  Kessel, W. G.
Lists a variety of pamphlets and brochures dealing with various chemical problems.
Kessel, W. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1951, 28, 383.
Industrial Chemistry