TIGER

Journal Articles: 97 results
A Simplified Model To Predict the Effect of Increasing Atmospheric CO2 on Carbonate Chemistry in the Ocean  Brian J. Bozlee, Maria Janebo, and Ginger Jahn
The chemistry of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater is reviewed and used to predict the potential effect of rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is found that calcium carbonate may become unsaturated in cold surface seawater by the year 2100, resulting in the destruction of calcifying organisms such as coral.
Bozlee, Brian J.; Janebo, Maria; Jahn, Ginger. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 213.
Applications of Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Equilibrium |
Green Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Experimental Determination of Ultraviolet Radiation Protection of Common Materials  Susana C. A. Tavares, Joaquim C. G. Esteves de Silva, and João Paiva
The oxidation of iodide is used as an indicator for the degree of exposure to UV radiation and to investigate the protection given by a simulation of ozone using plexiglass plates, sunscreen lotions, cotton cloth with different colors, and aqueous solutions with different concentrations of natural organic matter.
Tavares, Susana C. A.; Esteves de Silva, Joaquim C. G.; Paiva, João. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1963.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Consumer Chemistry |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
"Holes" in Student Understanding: Addressing Prevalent Misconceptions Regarding Atmospheric Environmental Chemistry  Sara C. Kerr and Kenneth A. Walz
This study evaluated the misconception that global warming is caused by holes in the ozone layer, other ideas surrounding atmospheric chemistry that are responsible for the entanglement of the greenhouse effect and ozone depletion in students' conceptual frameworks, and the effectiveness of computer-based online data-analysis exercises to address these shortcomings.
Kerr, Sara C.; Walz, Kenneth A. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1693.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Student-Centered Learning
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) Mapping of Environmental Samples across College Campuses  Kathleen L. Purvis-Roberts, Harriet P. Moeur, and Andrew Zanella
In this laboratory experiment, students take environmental samples (concentrations of nitrogen dioxide) and geospatial coordinates with a global position systems unit at various locations around campus, map their data on a geo-referenced map with geographical information systems software, and compare their results to those observed by governmental agencies.
Purvis-Roberts, Kathleen L.; Moeur, Harriet P.; Zanella, Andrew. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1691.
Applications of Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
A Simple Calorimetric Experiment That Highlights Aspects of Global Heat Retention and Global Warming  Joel D. Burley and Harold S. Johnston
In this laboratory experiment, general chemistry students verify that heat is consumed in the melting of ice, with no increase in temperature until all the ice has melted. The fundamental calorimetric principles demonstrated by the lab results are then developed to help students better assess and understand the experimental evidence associated with global warming.
Burley, Joel D.; Johnston, Harold S. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1686.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
Lewis Structure Representation of Free Radicals Similar to ClO  Warren Hirsch and Mark Kobrak
An unconventional Lewis structure is proposed to explain the properties of the free radical ClO and a series of its isoelectronic analogues, particularly trends in the spin density of these species.
Hirsch, Warren; Kobrak, Mark. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1360.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Computational Chemistry |
Covalent Bonding |
Free Radicals |
Lewis Structures |
Molecular Modeling |
MO Theory |
Valence Bond Theory
Guitar Strings as Standing Waves: A Demonstration  Michael Davis
This demonstration uses an acoustic guitar to produce three unique harmonic vibrations, each of which is representative of a standing wave and illustrates the concept of quantization.
Davis, Michael. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1287.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Atomic Spectroscopy
Aromatic Bagels: An Edible Resonance Analogy  Shirley Lin
Describes a classroom demonstration involving the use of a bagel and cream cheese as an analogy for benzene that emphasizes the deficiencies of using a single Lewis structure to describe this structure.
Lin, Shirley. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 779.
Aromatic Compounds |
Lewis Structures |
Resonance Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Puzzling through General Chemistry: A Light-Hearted Approach to Engaging Students with Chemistry Content  Susan L. Boyd
Presents ten puzzles to make chemistry more interesting while reinforcing important concepts.
Boyd, Susan L. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 619.
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Gases |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Periodicity / Periodic Table |
Stoichiometry |
VSEPR Theory |
Atomic Properties / Structure
Response to "Keeping Our Cool"  Roy W. Clark
General chemistry teachers should teach general chemistry. They should teach neither the appreciation of the wonders of modern science, nor should they teach the evil consequences of modern science.
Clark, Roy W. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 232.
Atmospheric Chemistry
More on the Nature of Resonance  Robert C. Kerber
The author continues to find the use of delocalization preferable to resonance.
Kerber, Robert C. . J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1291.
Aromatic Compounds |
Covalent Bonding |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Resonance Theory |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols
More on the Nature of Resonance  William B. Jensen
Supplements a recent article on the interpretation of resonance theory with three additional observationsone historical and two conceptual.
Jensen, William B. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1290.
Aromatic Compounds |
Covalent Bonding |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Resonance Theory
What Is Your Mental Picture of Ordinary Air?  Richard W. Ramette and Dale K. Haworth
Students differ widely in their conceptions about the nature of air.
Ramette, Richard W.; Haworth, Dale K. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 834.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases
If It's Resonance, What Is Resonating?  Robert C. Kerber
This article reviews the origin of the terminology associated with the use of more than one Lewis-type structure to describe delocalized bonding in molecules and how the original usage has evolved to reduce confusion
Kerber, Robert C. . J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 223.
Aromatic Compounds |
Covalent Bonding |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Resonance Theory
Moving Chemistry Education into 3D: A Tetrahedral Metaphor for Understanding Chemistry. Union Carbide Award for Chemical Education  Peter Mahaffy
Proposes a new conceptual metaphor to enrich our description of chemistry education and support the many existing efforts to help students make connections with the chemistry found in textbooks.
Mahaffy, Peter. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 49.
Applications of Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Learning Theories |
Nonmajor Courses |
Student-Centered Learning
Steel Wool and Oxygen: A Look at Kinetics  James Gordon and Katherine Chancey
An experimental method is described to study the kinetics of the reaction of the iron in steel wool with molecular oxygen. A calculator-based data collection system is used with an oxygen gas sensor to determine the order of the reaction with respect to oxygen. Using the graphical method, students determine that the reaction follows first-order kinetics with respect to oxygen.
Gordon, James; Chancey, Katherine. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1065.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Kinetics |
Oxidation / Reduction
Greenhouse Gases and Non-gray Behavior  J. C. Jones
Greenhouse gases feature in many courses in applied chemistry as well as in courses on environmental science, atmospheric chemistry, and so on. We hear a great deal about such matters from the media. A more classical topic which first-year chemistry students will learn about in the physical chemistry component of their program is the black body concept and the StefanBoltzmann law. Recently in teaching about greenhouse gases to MSc students I have thought of a link between the topical and classical matters that is pedagogically interesting and might be of value to others teaching in this subject area.
Jones, J. C. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 837.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases
The Determination of the Percent of Oxygen in Air Using a Gas Pressure Sensor  James Gordon and Katherine Chancey
A new detection method is applied to a classic experiment in which gaseous atmospheric oxygen in a test tube is reacted with the iron in steel wool to produce rust. A gas pressure sensor interfaced to a calculator-based data collection system was used to measure the percent of oxygen in the air as the reaction proceeded. The results from the calculator-based experiment were compared to the results from a more traditional water-measurement experiment. The average percent of oxygen obtained using the calculator system was 19.4  0.4%.
Gordon, James; Chancey, Katherine. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 286.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Reactions
Fractional Distillation of Air and Other Demonstrations with Condensed Gases  Maria Oliver-Hoyo and William L. Switzer, III
This demonstration builds upon the commonly performed liquefaction of air not only to show the presence of nitrogen and oxygen, but also the presence of two other components, carbon dioxide and water. Several extensions are suggested: one to show boiling point elevation in solution and another to show the elevation of both boiling point and sublimation point with pressure. No special apparatus is required permitting presentations to audiences in a variety of settings. These demonstrations give the opportunity to discuss properties of gases, solution chemistry, and phase equilibria.
Oliver-Hoyo, Maria; Switzer, William L., III. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 251.
Gases |
Qualitative Analysis |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Separation Science
On the Buoyancy of a Helium-Filled Balloon  John E. Harriman
It is shown by expansion of the exponential in the barometric formula that the forces due to pressure acting on a balloon are of the form (PV/RT)Mg and that results agree with those suggested by Archimedes principle. Einstein's equivalence principal provides an answer to what balloons will do in an accelerated car.
Harriman, John E. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 246.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Physical Properties
Water in the Atmosphere  Joel M. Kauffman
None of eight college-level general chemistry texts gave a mean value for water in the atmosphere, despite its being the third most prevalent constituent at about 1.5% by mass as vapor and about 2% if clouds and ice crystals are included. The importance of water as a greenhouse gas was omitted or marginalized by five of the eight texts. An infrared spectrum of humid air was determined to demonstrate that water vapor, because of its higher concentration, was more absorptive than carbon dioxide. The cooling effect of clouds, or other influences on the Earth's albedo, were not mentioned in most of the texts. These pervasive errors should be corrected in new or future editions of textbooks.
Kauffman, Joel M. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1229.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Green Chemistry |
IR Spectroscopy
Mass Spectrometry for the Masses  Jared D. Persinger, Geoffrey C. Hoops, and Michael J. Samide
In this article, we describe an experiment for an introductory chemistry course that incorporates the use of mass spectrometry for sample analysis. Several different air samples are collected that represent various chemical processes, and the composition of the air sample is predicted on the basis of known chemical principles. A gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer is used to analyze these samples, and the relative quantities of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, and argon are calculated. On the basis of the data, the hypothesized sample composition is validated.
Persinger, Jared D.; Hoops, Geoffrey C.; Samide, Michael J. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1169.
Mass Spectrometry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Green Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photosynthesis |
Gases
Why Does a Helium-Filled Balloon "Rise"?  Richard W. Ramette
The article is a lighthearted, conversational exploration of the microscopic basis for Archimedes principle. The principle is discussed in terms of molecular collisions and density gradients in a gravitational field.
Ramette, Richard W. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1149.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Physical Properties
National Chemistry Week 2003: Earth's Atmosphere and Beyond. JCE Resources for Chemistry and the Atmosphere  Erica K. Jacobsen
This annotated bibliography collects the best that past issues of the Journal of Chemical Education have to offer for use with this year's National Chemistry Week theme: Earth's Atmosphere and Beyond. Each article has been characterized as a demonstration, experiment, activity, informational, or software/video item.
Jacobsen, Erica K. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1106.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Writing Electron Dot Structures   Kenneth R. Magnell
Drill with feedback for students learning to write electron dot structures.
Magnell, Kenneth R. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 711.
Covalent Bonding |
Lewis Structures |
Resonance Theory |
Enrichment / Review Materials
A Demonstration of Acid Rain and Lake Acidification: Wet Deposition of Sulfur Dioxide  Lisa M. Goss
Demonstration of the wet deposition of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere.
Goss, Lisa M. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 39.
Acids / Bases |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Effects of Changing Climate on Weather and Human Activities (by Kevin E. Trenberth, Kathleen Miller, Linda Mearns, and Steven Rhodes)  Evan T. Williams
A short supplement focussed on the effects of changing climate on weather and human activities.
Williams, Evan T. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 433.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Applications of Chemistry
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion (by Ann M. Middlebrook and Margaret A. Tolbert)  Evan T. Williams
A short supplement focussed on stratospheric ozone depletion.
Williams, Evan T. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 433.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Applications of Chemistry
Naturally Dangerous: Surprising Facts about Food, Health, and the Environment (by James P. Collman)   Harold H. Harris
Chemist's perspective on the topics of food, vitamins and minerals, herbal remedies, cancer and the environment, global warming, acid rain, ozone, and radiation.
Harris, Harold H. J. Chem. Educ. 2002, 79, 35.
Nonmajor Courses |
Consumer Chemistry |
Food Science |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Vitamins |
Applications of Chemistry
Identifying Deficiencies in the Environmental Chemistry Educational Literature  Thi Hoa Tran, Stephen W. Bigger, Tony Kruger, John D. Orbell, Saman Buddhadasa, and Sebastian Barone
Study of chemistry textbooks and literature for materials relating to environmental chemistry, including water, air , and soil; and degree of integration of four traditional areas of chemistry (analytical, physical, inorganic, and organic) into environmental chemistry laboratory experiments.
Tran, Thi Hoa; Bigger, Stephen W.; Kruger, Tony; Orbell, John D.; Buddhadasa, Saman; Barone, Sebastian. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1693.
Agricultural Chemistry |
Learning Theories |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Cigarette Smoke Analysis Using an Inexpensive Gas-Phase IR Cell  N. Garizi, A. Macias, T. Furch, R. Fan, P. Wagenknecht, and K. A. Singmaster
A PVC gas cell used to collect and analyze cigarette smoke and car exhaust through IR spectroscopy.
Garizi, N.; Macias, A.; Furch, T.; Fan, R.; Wagenknecht, P.; Singmaster, K. A. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1665.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
IR Spectroscopy |
Fourier Transform Techniques |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Qualitative Analysis
A Novel Experiment for Fast and Simple Determination of the Oxygen Content in the Air  Metodija Najdoski and Vladimir M. Petrusevski
The reaction between nitric oxide (NO) and oxygen is used for determination of the oxygen content in the air. The nitrogen dioxide thus produced is dissolved in water. The volume decrease of the gas enables quick and accurate enough determination of the O2 content. The results of 20 measurements give %O2 = 21.04  0.63.
Najdoski, Metodija; Petrusevski, Vladimir M. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1447.
Gases |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Determination of the Oxygen Content of Air  Per Christian Braathen
Determining the oxygen content of air using vinegar and steel wool.
Braathen, Per Christian. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1410.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Quantitative Analysis
Relative Humidity  R. Bruce Martin
Daily we hear reports of relative humidity, yet most students remain unfamiliar with its import. This short article defines and describes the concept at several levels. A new, general interest, isobaric plot directly indicates the dependence of relative humidity on temperature.
Martin, R. Bruce. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 1081.
Consumer Chemistry |
Gases |
Nonmajor Courses |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry
The Persistence of the Candle-and-Cylinder Misconception  James P. Birk and Anton E. Lawson
There is a persistent misconception that when a lighted candle is supported in a container of water and a closed cylinder is lowered over the candle, the candle is extinguished after a time by complete consumption of the oxygen in the cylinder, with a volume change corresponding to the amount of oxygen in the air. This misconception has appeared in the literature periodically for many years. Here, we present a number of experiments that refute this misconception.
Birk, James P.; Lawson, Anton E. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 914.
Gases |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis |
Reactions
Determination of Percent Oxygen in Air (author's reply)  Fang, Chin-Hsiang
Claim that a simple combustion reaction can be used to show the % oxygen in air.
Fang, Chin-Hsiang J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 898.
Atmospheric Chemistry
Determination of Percent Oxygen in Air  Parsons, Leonard
Claim that a simple combustion reaction cannot be used to show the % oxygen in air.
Parsons, Leonard J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 898.
Atmospheric Chemistry
Correction to The Bobbing Bird: Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 355  H. D. Gesser
Difficulties in improving safety of original demonstration.
Gesser, Hyman D. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 757.
Atmospheric Chemistry
Advertising in this Issue  
Caution when burning hydrogen / oxygen mixtures.
J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 757.
Atmospheric Chemistry
Thermal Physics (and Some Chemistry) of the Atmosphere  Stephen K. Lower
An exploration of how the temperature of the atmosphere varies with altitude can serve as a useful means of illustrating some important principles relating to the behavior of gases and to the absorption and transformation of radiant energy.
Lower, Stephen K. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 837.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases
Saving Your Students' Skin. Undergraduate Experiments that Probe UV Protection by Sunscreens and Sunglasses  James R. Abney and Bethe A. Scalettar
This article describes absorption spectroscopy experiments that illustrate the mechanism of action of sunscreens and sunglasses and that highlight the differences between different products. The experiments are well suited to incorporation into an undergraduate science laboratory and will expose students to absorption phenomena in a familiar context with substantial environmental and medical relevance.
Abney, James R.; Scalettar, Bethe A. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 757.
Photochemistry |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Spectroscopy
Photocatalytic Degradation of a Gaseous Organic Pollutant  Jimmy C. Yu and Linda Y. L. Chan
A simple and effective method to demonstrate the phenomenon of photocatalytic degradation of a gaseous organic pollutant was developed. Titanium dioxide (anatase) was used as the photocatalyst, and sunlight was found to be an effective light source for the activation of TiO2. The organic pollutant degrade in this demonstration was a common indoor air pollutant, dichloromethane.
Yu, Jimmy C.; Chan, Linda Y. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 750.
Catalysis |
Photochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Chemical Behavior  Paul G. Jasien
In order to increase student understanding of the seemingly confusing behavior of chemical substances involved in environmental chemistry, an analogy between chemical and human behavior is presented. The analogy focuses on how the same individual can behave differently due to his/her social surroundings.
Jasien, Paul G. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 943.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Nonmajor Courses |
Consumer Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry
A Simple and Low-Cost Air Sampler  Sashi Saxena Ratna and Pramrod Upadhyay
In this article, an air sampler kit is presented that can be assembled from locally available household materials. The reliability of the sampler kit is also established.
Ratna, Shashi Saxena; Upadhyay, Pramod. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 787.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis
The Environmental Chemistry of Trace Atmospheric Gases  William C. Trogler
Information regarding the composition of trace gases in the Earth's atmosphere, changes in these amounts, their sources, and potential future impact on the environment.
Trogler, William C. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 973.
Gases |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Introducing Atmospheric Reactions: A Systematic Approach for Students  Baird, N. Colin
Outline of the dominant reactions that occur in air, particularly with regard to atmospheric pollutants.
Baird, N. Colin J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 153.
Photochemistry |
Free Radicals |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Inventory Control: Sampling and Analyzing Air Pollution: An Apparatus Suitable for Use in Schools  Rockwell, Dean M.; Hansen, Tony
Two variations of an air sampler and analyzer that are inexpensive, easy to construct, and highly accurate.
Rockwell, Dean M.; Hansen, Tony J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 318.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Quantitative Analysis
A new use for the candle and tumbler myth  Peckham, Gavin D.
In the time it takes to complete the popular but lengthy steel-wool experiment, this author proposes an activity that can be done to add an extra dimension to analyzing oxygen content. This combination of "good" and "bad" experiments proves to be a powerful pedagogical tool.
Peckham, Gavin D. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 1008.
Quantitative Analysis |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Oxidation / Reduction
Proper glove box etiquette   Roper, Gerald C.
Author defends his activity to a critique raised in an earlier letter in this Journal.
Roper, Gerald C. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 520.
Gases |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Gas reactions in plastic bags: Relating laboratory observations to the atomic-molecular model  Robinson, Maurice; Barrow, Gordon M.
Carrying out chemical reactions in Ziplock bags to investigate a variety of chemical concepts.
Robinson, Maurice; Barrow, Gordon M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 1026.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Gases |
Reactions |
Acids / Bases |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Physical Properties
A bulletin board demonstration on humidity   Smith, Kurt; Solomon, Sally
A demonstration of the color changes of cobalt chloride with relative humidity is described in this note.
Smith, Kurt; Solomon, Sally J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 1039.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Equilibrium
Spontaneous detonation of a mixture of two odd electron gases   Briggs, Thomas S.
Instructions for safe detonation of ClO2 and NO (the fastest known reaction between two stable molecules at room temperature).
Briggs, Thomas S. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 938.
Reactions |
Resonance Theory
Explaining resonance - a colorful approach  Abel, Kenton B.; Hemmerlin, William M.
An analogy using color to help students understand that a resonance molecule does not shift back and forth between Lewis Structures, but is in fact a hybrid of the two structures.
Abel, Kenton B.; Hemmerlin, William M. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 834.
Resonance Theory |
Lewis Structures |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Acid rain experiment and construction of a simple turbidity meter  Betterton, Eric A.
Construction of a simple turbidity meter in order to furnish more atmospheric chemistry experiments in the freshman and sophomore level chemistry lab.
Betterton, Eric A. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 254.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Green Chemistry
Lessons learned from Lord Rayleigh on the importance of data analysis  Larsen, Russell D.
Analysis of the data collected by Lord Rayleigh in association with his discovery of argon presented as a model for scientific inquiry.
Larsen, Russell D. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 925.
Chemometrics |
Atmospheric Chemistry
What chemistry do our students need to learn?  Hawkes, Stephen J.
Suggested topics of importance to chemistry nonmajors.
Hawkes, Stephen J. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 831.
Nonmajor Courses |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Geochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Brønsted-Lowry Acids / Bases
A visual aid for teaching the resonance concept  Delvigne, Francis
Using "dot clouds" to represent electron densities and resonance in structures such as benzene.
Delvigne, Francis J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 461.
Resonance Theory |
Aromatic Compounds
The absorption of UV light by ozone   Koubek, Edward
Using a low-pressure mercury vapor UV lamp and a recently laundered white cotton sheet as a background, one can produce a shadowgraph of ozone emerging from an ozonator.
Koubek, Edward J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 338.
Atmospheric Chemistry
The Australian Academy of Science School Chemistry Project: A new-generation secondary school chemistry course  Bucat, R. B.; Cole, A. R. H.
The purpose of this paper is to summarize the philosophies behind the courses described in this paper and the consequent design decisions regarding the selection and sequence of the chemistry content.
Bucat, R. B.; Cole, A. R. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1988, 65, 777.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Metabolism |
Thermodynamics
Demonstrating the chemistry of air pollution  Hollenberg, J. Leland; Stephens, Edgar R.; Pitts, James N., Jr.
Demonstrations regarding the three essential conditions or ingredients for the formation of photochemical smog and involving NO, NO2, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and O3.
Hollenberg, J. Leland; Stephens, Edgar R.; Pitts, James N., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 893.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Photochemistry
Percent oxygen in air  Martins, George F.
Determines the percentage oxygen in air by reacting steel wool with oxygen.
Martins, George F. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 809.
Atmospheric Chemistry
A convenient, low-cost method for determining sulfate in acid rain  Johns, Nicholas; Longstaff, Stephen J.
Adapting the thoron colorimetric method for determining low sulfate concentrations quickly, simply, and accurately.
Johns, Nicholas; Longstaff, Stephen J. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 449.
Acids / Bases |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis
Acid rain effects on stone monuments  Charola, A. Elena
What is acid rain? Which stones are used to make mountains? How are the stones affected by acid rain?
Charola, A. Elena J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 436.
Acids / Bases |
Applications of Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Geochemistry
Teaching the concept of resonance with transparent overlays  Richardson, W. S.
The overlap method can be useful in the development of the concept of a partial charge on the atoms of an ion.
Richardson, W. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 518.
Resonance Theory |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Acid rain analysis by standard addition titration  Ophardt, Charles E.
A simple standard addition titration method for determining the acidity of a rain or snow sample.
Ophardt, Charles E. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 257.
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Qualitative Analysis
Why isn't my rain as acidic as yours?  Zajicek, O. T.
Calculating of pH values of acid rain and comparisons to uncontaminated samples.
Zajicek, O. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 158.
Acids / Bases |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
pH |
Chemometrics
The density and apparent molecular weight of air  Harris, Arlo D.
Simple procedure for determining the density and apparent molecular weight of air.
Harris, Arlo D. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 74.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
Enduring distributions that deny Boltzmann  Nash, Leonard K.
Examines two practical steady- state distributions: the atmosphere and its lapse rate and the ocean and its vertical quasi-uniformity.
Nash, Leonard K. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 22.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases
The chemical oceanographer   Abel, Robert B.
Oceanography holds fascinating subject matter for students learning chemistry.
Abel, Robert B. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 221.
Water / Water Chemistry |
Food Science |
Geochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Drugs / Pharmaceuticals |
Applications of Chemistry
The titration of air with nitric oxide: An application of Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes in a general chemistry experiment  Everett, Kenneth G.
Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes is demonstrated through the reaction between NO and the oxygen in air.
Everett, Kenneth G. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 802.
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases
Ignition of magnesium in porcelain  Feinstein, H. I.
Demonstrating the presence of nitrogen in air without ruining the porcelain glaze of a crucible.
Feinstein, H. I. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 159.
Laboratory Management |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis
Stormy weather  Taylor, Thomas E.
Question regarding the formation of rain clouds and the exothermic process of condensation.
Taylor, Thomas E. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 732.
Thermodynamics |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
The aromatic ring  Kolb, Doris
Historic analysis and attempts to explain the structure of benzene, the concept of resonance, Huckel's rule, polycyclic aromatic compounds, non-classical aromatic compounds, and a definition for aromaticity.
Kolb, Doris J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 334.
Aromatic Compounds |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Resonance Theory
Development of intellectual skills in the laboratory  Ophardt, Charles E.
This first semester laboratory was designed to give instruction and practice in the intellectual skills of application, analysis, synthesis, and in Piaget's formal operations.
Ophardt, Charles E. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 485.
Learning Theories |
Qualitative Analysis |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis
Gasoline vapor: An invisible pollutant  Stephens, Edgar R.
An apparatus and procedure to demonstrate the substantial contribution vaporized gasoline makes to hydrocarbon pollution.
Stephens, Edgar R. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 682.
Physical Properties |
Gases |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
330-333. Four questions and their answers; includes comments made by readers on earlier questions 130, 153, 154, 171, 172, 181.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 678.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry |
Electrochemistry |
Electrolytic / Galvanic Cells / Potentials |
Metals |
pH
Ultraviolet absorption of ozone  Driscoll, Jerry A.
A demonstration of the absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone.
Driscoll, Jerry A. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 675.
Gases |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
315-322. Eight questions on subjects related to environmental chemistry and their answers.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 498.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Great spray can debate  Bassow, Herb
A curriculum scenario that takes the problems raised by the technological, economic, and political contexts of the fluorocarbon controversy as its point of focus.
Bassow, Herb J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 371.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry
Nitric acid in rain water  Gleason, Geoffrey I.
This trace analysis experiment is based on the conversion of nitrate to nitrite using a cadmium amalgam reductor column.
Gleason, Geoffrey I. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 718.
Acids / Bases |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry
The chemistry of pollution - An experimental course  Frank, David L.
Briefly outlines the goals and topics of a course entitled "Chemistry of Air Pollution."
Frank, David L. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 209.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Water / Water Chemistry
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
Eight questions regarding the application of chemistry and their solutions.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 62.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
Five questions requiring an application of basic principles of chemistry.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 707.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Astrochemistry
Student flowmeters and an air pollution experiment  Kohn, Harold W.
Using glass wool as an absorbent for atmospheric contaminants and three simple devices for measuring flow rates of gases.
Kohn, Harold W. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 643.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
Questions [and] Answers  Campbell, J. A.
Eight questions requiring the application of basic principles of chemistry.
Campbell, J. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 624.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Applications of Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases
Air pollution measurements in the freshman laboratory  Suplinkas, Raymond J.
Summarizes the equipment and procedures used to measure air pollution (NO, NO2, and O3) in a freshman chemistry laboratory.
Suplinkas, Raymond J. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 24.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Quantitative Analysis
Understanding a culprit before eliminating it. An application of Lewis acid-base principles to atmospheric SO2 as a pollutant  Brasted, Robert C.
The SO2 molecule offers ample opportunities for teaching practical chemistry. [Debut of first run. This feature reappeared in 1986.]
Brasted, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 447.
Acids / Bases |
Lewis Acids / Bases |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Mechanisms of Reactions |
Reactions |
Applications of Chemistry |
Lewis Structures |
Molecular Properties / Structure
Cloud Caps on High Mountains  Stevenson, Philip E.
The formation of cloud caps on high mountains illustrates cooling in an adiabatic expansion and the change in vapor pressure of a liquid with temperature.
Stevenson, Philip E. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 272.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Applications of Chemistry |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Thermodynamics
Environmental chemistry in the classroom  Day, Jean W.
The environmental sciences is an especially good vehicle for relating chemistry to other disciplines in courses for nonscientists.
Day, Jean W. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 260.
Nonmajor Courses |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
Stable isotopes of the atmosphere  Eck, C. F.
This article briefly presents the composition of air, the discovery of isotopes, their concentration in air, and reviews their current enrichment status.
Eck, C. F. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 706.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Isotopes |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry
Group zero. The atmosphere. B. Substances in the air  Slabaugh, W. H.; Klug, Evangeline B.; Alyea, Hubert N.; Cooper, Edwin H.
Demonstrations include the analysis of air for oxygen content, paper burned in air, air + limewater, air + barium hydroxide, breathing into limewater, and the pH change from breath.
Slabaugh, W. H.; Klug, Evangeline B.; Alyea, Hubert N.; Cooper, Edwin H. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, A599.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
pH
Demonstration notes: Oxygen in air  Glanz, Joseph
Explains that the popular method of demonstrating the percentage volume of oxygen in air is fraut with errors.
Glanz, Joseph J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, A477.
Gases |
Atmospheric Chemistry
The electronic structures and stereochemistry of NO2+, NO2, and NO2-  Panckhurst, M. H.
A comparison of the electronic structures and stereochemistry of NO2+, NO2, and NO2-.
Panckhurst, M. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 270.
Stereochemistry |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Resonance Theory
Radioisotopes on your rooftop  Lockhart, Luther, B., Jr.
The collection, recovery, and measurement of radioactive materials from atomic testing can be done through the use of relatively simple procedures and is a good exercise in tracer chemistry.
Lockhart, Luther, B., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1957, 34, 602.
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Isotopes
Letters to the editor  Wolf, Milton G.
The author offers a means of determining the percentage composition of oxygen in air through burning phosphorus.
Wolf, Milton G. J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 148.
Atmospheric Chemistry
Kekule's theory of aromaticity  Gero, Alexander
Examines what Kekule really wrote in his famous paper on the structure of benzene.
Gero, Alexander J. Chem. Educ. 1954, 31, 201.
Aromatic Compounds |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Resonance Theory
Letters  Brescia, Frank
The author calls for someone to invent another term for the word resonance as applied to the field of molecular structure.
Brescia, Frank J. Chem. Educ. 1952, 29, 261.
Resonance Theory |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Molecular Properties / Structure