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Liquefaction of Carbon Dioxide Dry ice is placed into an acrylic plastic cylinder. A valve is closed and pressure in the cylinder increases. When the pressure reaches 350 kPa (50 psi) it stops increasing and liquid CO2 appears.
Equilibrium : CalcKp (2 Variations)
In one experiment chemists studied the formation of phosgene, COCl2, by mixing {y} atm of carbon monoxide and {z} atm of Cl2 in a reaction vessel at 700K. After the system reached equilibrium, the total pressure was {x} atm. Calculate Kp for the reaction.
Hint: Remember that the total pressure is the sum of all the partial pressures.
Note:
Do Not use scientific notation
DO NOT use spaces
DO NOT write in the units.
Be sure to write your answer with only one decimal place even if this is not the correct number of significant figures.
Kp for this reaction is {x} at {y}°C. Calculate Kc at this temperature. (R = 0.0821 L atm/mol K)
Note: DO NOT use scientific notation Use integers (no decimal places) even is this is not the correct number of significant figures. DO NOT write in the units. eg: 18
Does the Addition of Inert Gases at Constant Volume and Temperature Affect Chemical Equilibrium?João C. M. Paiva, Jorge Gonçalves, and Susana Fonseca This article examines three approaches, leading to different conclusions, for answering the question "Does the addition of inert gases at constant volume and temperature modify the state of equilibrium?" Paiva, João C. M.; Gonçalves, Jorge; Fonseca, Susana. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1133.
Equilibrium |
Gases |
Thermodynamics
An Updated Equilibrium MachineEmeric Schultz Describes a device that can demonstrate equilibrium and the Le Châtelier principle, as well as kinetic and thermodynamic concepts. The device consists of a leaf blower attached to a plastic container divided into two chambers by a barrier of variable size and form. Styrofoam balls can be exchanged across the barrier when various air pressures are applied by the blower. Schultz, Emeric. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 1131.
Equilibrium |
Kinetics |
Thermodynamics
EQVAPSIM: A Vapor–Liquid Equilibria of Binary Systems Computer Simulation by LabVIEWA. Belletti, R. Borromei, and G. Ingletto Reports the results of a program using LabVIEW software to simulate the construction of a phase diagram representing a liquidvapor equilibrium. The program models work in a real laboratory, including mistakes commonly made in this context. Belletti, A.; Borromei, R.; Ingletto, G. J. Chem. Educ.2008, 85, 879.
The Effect of a Change in PressureEd Vitz, John W. Moore A section of ChemPrime, the Chemical Educations Digital Library's free General Chemistry textbook.
JavaScript Programs To Calculate Thermodynamic Properties Using Cubic Equations of StatePatrick J. Barrie Cubic equations of state are widely used by chemists and chemical engineers to predict the thermodynamic properties of both pure substances and mixtures. In particular, these equations enable predictions concerning the temperature and pressure at which vapor liquid equilibrium occurs. These two educational JavaScript programs perform calculations using cubic equations of state and, equally importantly, explain how the calculations are performed.
