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A Dramatic Classroom Demonstration of Limiting Reagent Using the Vinegar and Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate Reaction Romklao Artdej and Tienthong Thongpanchang
This demonstration, appropriate for high school chemistry level and recommended for a large classroom presentation, is designed to illustrate the concept of limiting reagent via a series of experiments in which increasing amounts of sodium bicarbonate are added to a fixed amount of vinegar is fixed until the volume of carbon dioxide generated remains constant.
Artdej, Romklao; Thongpanchang, Tienthong. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1382.
Acids / Bases |
Food Science |
Gases |
Stoichiometry
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Teaching Avogadro's Hypothesis and Helping Students to See the World Differently Brett Criswell
This article uses a model from educational psychologyChi's theory of ontological misclassificationto explain the source of students' difficulties in understanding Avogadro's hypothesis and provide a method to successfully teach this fundamental concept.
Criswell, Brett. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 1372.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Gases
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Similarity and Difference in the Behavior of Gases: An Interactive Demonstration Guy Ashkenazi
A demonstration that concurrently exposes differences and similarities in the behavior of two different gases has been designed to bridge the gap between students' understanding at the algorithmicmacroscopic and conceptualmicroscopic levels.
Ashkenazi, Guy. J. Chem. Educ. 2008, 85, 72.
Gases |
Kinetics |
Learning Theories
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Geographical Information Systems (GIS) Mapping of Environmental Samples across College Campuses Kathleen L. Purvis-Roberts, Harriet P. Moeur, and Andrew Zanella
In this laboratory experiment, students take environmental samples (concentrations of nitrogen dioxide) and geospatial coordinates with a global position systems unit at various locations around campus, map their data on a geo-referenced map with geographical information systems software, and compare their results to those observed by governmental agencies.
Purvis-Roberts, Kathleen L.; Moeur, Harriet P.; Zanella, Andrew. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1691.
Applications of Chemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
UV-Vis Spectroscopy
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A Fast Coulometric Estimation of Avogadro's Number Nicholas C. Thomas
Using simple materials found in any high school or college laboratory, an electrochemical method of determining Avogadro's number is presented.
Thomas, Nicholas C. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1667.
Electrochemistry |
Gases
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The Use of Limits in an Advanced Placement Chemistry Course Paul S. Matsumoto, Jonathan Ring, and Jia Li (Lily) Zhu
This article describes the use of limits in topics usually covered in advanced placement or first-year college chemistry. This approach supplements the interpretation of the graph of an equation since it is usually easier to evaluate the limit of a function than to generate its graph.
Matsumoto, Paul S.; Ring, Jonathan; Zhu, Jia Li (Lily). J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 1655.
Acids / Bases |
Equilibrium |
Gases |
Mathematics / Symbolic Mathematics |
Thermodynamics
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"Concept Learning versus Problem Solving": Does Particle Motion Have an Effect? Michael J. Sanger, Eddie Campbell, Jeremy Felker, and Charles Spencer
210 students were asked to answer a static, particulate-level, multiple-choice question concerning gas properties. Then they viewed an animated version of the question and answered the multiple-choice question again. The distribution of responses changed significantly after students viewed the animation.
Sanger, Michael J.; Campbell, Eddie; Felker, Jeremy; Spencer, Charles. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 875.
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Qualitative Analysis |
Quantitative Analysis |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
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What Are Students Thinking When They Pick Their Answer? Michael J. Sanger and Amy J. Phelps
330 students were asked to answer a multiple-choice question concerning gas properties at the microscopic level and explain their reasoning. Of those who selected the correct answer, 80% provided explanations consistent with the scientifically accepted answer, while 90% of the students who picked an incorrect choice provided explanations with at least one misconception.
Sanger, Michael J.; Phelps, Amy J. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 870.
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Qualitative Analysis
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Enthalpy of Vaporization and Vapor Pressures: An Inexpensive Apparatus Rubin Battino, David A. Dolson, Michael R. Hall, and Trevor M. Letcher
Describes an inexpensive apparatus for the determination of the vapor pressure of a liquid as a function of temperature for the purpose of calculating enthalpy changes of vaporization. Also described are a simple air thermostat and an inexpensive temperature controller based on an integrated temperature sensor.
Battino, Rubin; Dolson, David A.; Hall, Michael R.; Letcher, Trevor M. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 822.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Lipids |
Phenols |
Physical Properties |
Thermodynamics |
Liquids |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
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An Inquiry-Based Chemistry Laboratory Promoting Student Discovery of Gas Laws A. M. R. P. Bopegedera
This article describes a laboratory in which students discover the gas laws using Vernier sensors and Microsoft Excel.
Bopegedera, A. M. R. P. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 465.
Gases |
Instrumental Methods |
Physical Properties
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Where Did the Water Go? Boyle's Law and Pressurized Diaphragm Water Tanks James Brimhall and Sundar Naga
Boyles law (PV is constant) provides mathematical insight into the workings of pressurized diaphragm tanks for storage of water pumped from underground wells, including predictions of the quantities of available water resulting from different initial conditions of water tank systems.
Brimhall, James; Naga, Sundar. J. Chem. Educ. 2007, 84, 425.
Applications of Chemistry |
Gases
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Job's Analysis of the Range of the "Dalton Syringe Rocket" Natalie Barto, Brandon Henrie, and Ed Vitz
An apparatus for safely igniting fuel gas/oxygen mixtures in a syringe and measuring the distance that the syringe is propelled is presented. The distance (range) is analyzed by the method of continuous variation (Job's Method) to determine the stoichiometry of the reaction.
Barto, Natalie; Henrie, Brandon; Vitz, Ed. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 1505.
Gases |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Thermodynamics |
Stoichiometry
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General Education and General Chemistry—Redux Leslie S. Forster
This paper discusses the desirability of including non-technical general education topics in chemistry courses intended for science and engineering students.
Forster, Leslie S. J. Chem. Educ. 2006, 83, 614.
Enrichment / Review Materials |
Gases |
Learning Theories
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Balloon—Toy of Many Colors Kathryn R. Williams
Balloon-related articles previously published in JCE describe gas law experiments and demonstrations, large-scale molecular models, demonstrations of reaction rates and stoichiometry, hydrogen-filled balloon explosions, and miscellaneous laboratory uses.
Williams, Kathryn R. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 1448.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
VSEPR Theory
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The Determination of the Percent of Oxygen in Air Using a Gas Pressure Sensor James Gordon and Katherine Chancey
A new detection method is applied to a classic experiment in which gaseous atmospheric oxygen in a test tube is reacted with the iron in steel wool to produce rust. A gas pressure sensor interfaced to a calculator-based data collection system was used to measure the percent of oxygen in the air as the reaction proceeded. The results from the calculator-based experiment were compared to the results from a more traditional water-measurement experiment. The average percent of oxygen obtained using the calculator system was 19.4 0.4%.
Gordon, James; Chancey, Katherine. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, 286.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Reactions
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Water in the Atmosphere Joel M. Kauffman
None of eight college-level general chemistry texts gave a mean value for water in the atmosphere, despite its being the third most prevalent constituent at about 1.5% by mass as vapor and about 2% if clouds and ice crystals are included. The importance of water as a greenhouse gas was omitted or marginalized by five of the eight texts. An infrared spectrum of humid air was determined to demonstrate that water vapor, because of its higher concentration, was more absorptive than carbon dioxide. The cooling effect of clouds, or other influences on the Earth's albedo, were not mentioned in most of the texts. These pervasive errors should be corrected in new or future editions of textbooks.
Kauffman, Joel M. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 1229.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Green Chemistry |
IR Spectroscopy
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Chemistry and Song: A Novel Way To Educate and Entertain Cory C. Pye
In this article, a novel way of teaching chemistry is presented that uses contemporary music and chemical lyrics to educate.
Pye, Cory C. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 507.
Gases
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Bringing History to the Classroom: Spoofs about Problems in Obtaining Research Grants Sidney Toby
This article is a spoof on the History of Science and consists of four skits depicting the difficulties famous men and women in science might have had in fictional interviews while seeking funding for their research.
Toby, Sidney. J. Chem. Educ. 2004, 81, 503.
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Women in Chemistry |
Administrative Issues
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Carbon Dioxide Flooding: A Classroom Case Study Derived from Surgical Practice Robert C. Kerber
The surgical opening in open-heart surgery is often flooded with carbon dioxide gas to avoid air embolisms when the heart is closed and restarted. This practice can be used in chemistry courses to illustrate concepts of gas density, solubility, and acidbase equilibria, including buffering.
Kerber, Robert C. . J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1437.
Acids / Bases |
Aqueous Solution Chemistry |
Gases |
Medicinal Chemistry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Applications of Chemistry
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Why Does a Helium-Filled Balloon "Rise"? Richard W. Ramette
The article is a lighthearted, conversational exploration of the microscopic basis for Archimedes principle. The principle is discussed in terms of molecular collisions and density gradients in a gravitational field.
Ramette, Richard W. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 1149.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Physical Properties
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The Universal Gas Constant R William B. Jensen
Answers the question "Why is the universal gas constant represented by the letter R?" [Debut]
Jensen, William B. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 731.
Gases |
Enrichment / Review Materials
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Stoichiometry of the Reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid Venkat Chebolu and Barbara C. Storandt
Using a pressure sensor to measure the production of hydrogen by a reaction between magnesium and hydrochloric acid.
Chebolu, Venkat; Storandt, Barbara C. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, 305.
Stoichiometry |
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Reactions
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Sink or Swim: The Cartesian Diver K. David Pinkerton
Cartesian divers are a quick and simple way to illustrate relationships among pressure, volume, temperature, and buoyancy. The Activity could be used in connection with the concepts of gases and liquids and discussions of Boyle's, Charles's, and the ideal gas laws.
Pinkerton, K. David. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 200A.
Gases |
Physical Properties
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On Concepts of Partial Volume and Law of Partial Volume (re J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 238-240) Myung-Hoon Kim
Supplementing the law of partial pressures with a law of partial volumes.
Kim, Myung-Hoon. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1594.
Gases |
Chemometrics |
Physical Properties
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On Concepts of Partial Volume and Law of Partial Volume (re J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 238-240) David W. Miller
Supplementing the law of partial pressures with a law of partial volumes.
Miller, David W. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1594.
Gases |
Chemometrics |
Physical Properties
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Determination of the Universal Gas Constant, R. A Discovery Laboratory David B. Moss and Kathleen Cornely
Discovery laboratory in which groups of students collect oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen gas over water and determine the value of the universal gas constant, R, using the ideal gas law.
Moss, David B.; Cornely, Kathleen. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 1260.
Gases
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An Alcohol Rocket Car--A Variation on the "Whoosh Bottle" Theme Dean J. Campbell
Burning methanol in a wheeled milk jug.
Campbell, Dean J. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 910.
Gases |
Thermodynamics
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A Simple Laboratory Experiment for the Determination of Absolute Zero Myung-Hoon Kim, Michelle Song Kim, and Suw-Young Ly
A novel method that employs a remarkably simple and inexpensive apparatus and is based on the extrapolation of the volume of a given amount of dry air to zero volume after a volume of air trapped inside a 10-mL graduated cylinder is measured at various temperatures.
Kim, Myung-Hoon; Kim, Michelle Song; Ly, Suw-Young. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, 238.
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Chemometrics
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Using a Computer Animation to Improve Students' Conceptual Understanding of a Can-Crushing Demonstration Michael J. Sanger, Amy J. Phelps, and Jason Fienhold
This paper reports some of the misconceptions that were identified from these students' explanations. As a result of these misconceptions, a computer animation depicting the chemical processes occurring in the can-crushing demonstration was created.
Sanger, Michael J.; Phelps, Amy J.; Fienhold, Jason. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1517.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Gases
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Interpretation of Second Virial Coefficient Vivek Utgikar
Identifying the gel point of a polymer using a multimeter.
Utgikar, Vivek. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 1409.
Kinetics |
Lasers |
Spectroscopy |
Gases |
Thermodynamics
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Determination of the Fundamental Electronic Charge via the Electrolysis of Water Brittany Hoffman, Elizabeth Mitchell, Petra Roulhac, Marc Thomes, and Vincent M. Stumpo
In an illuminating experiment suitable for secondary school students, a Hoffman electrolysis apparatus is employed to determine the fundamental electronic charge. The volume and pressure of hydrogen gas produced via the electrolysis of water during a given time interval are measured.
Hoffman, Brittany; Mitchell, Elizabeth; Roulhac, Petra; Thomes, Marc; Stumpo, Vincent M. J. Chem. Educ. 2000, 77, 95.
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Electrochemistry |
Gases |
Molecular Properties / Structure
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Pressure and Stoichiometry Charles E. Roser and Catherine L. McCluskey
This experiment determines the stoichiometry of the reaction of a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate and HCl by measuring the pressure of the CO2 produced using a Vernier pressure sensor, TI CBL interface, and a TI-82/83 graphing calculator. Various amounts of the carbonate are reacted with a constant amount of HCl.
Roser, Charles E.; McCluskey, Catherine L. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 638.
Stoichiometry |
Gases |
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing
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A Demonstration of Ideal Gas Principles Using a Football William D. Bare and Lester Andrews
A class demonstration and cooperative learning activity in which the ideal gas law is applied to determine the volume of a football is described. The mass of an air-filled football is recorded at two or more pressures, and students are asked to use these data to solve problems involving the volume, pressure, and mass of the football and the molecular weight of the gas in the ball.
Bare, William D.; Andrews, Lester. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, 622.
Gases |
Applications of Chemistry
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The Best of Chem 13 News Kathy Thorsen
A variety of suggestions for instructional activities in introductory chemistry from Chem 13 News.
Thorsen, Kathy. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, 1368.
Microscale Lab |
Gases |
Stoichiometry
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Formation and Dimerization of NO2 A General Chemistry Experiment April D. Hennis, C. Scott Highberger, and Serge Schreiner*
A general chemistry experiment which illustrates Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes. Students are able to determine the partial pressures and equilibrium constant for the formation and dimerization of NO2. The experiment readily provides students with data that can be manipulated with a common spreadsheet.
Hennis, April D.; Highberger, C. Scott; Schreiner, Serge. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1340.
Gases |
Equilibrium |
Quantitative Analysis |
Stoichiometry
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A U-Tube Experiment To Discover the Curve in Boyle's Law Thomas G. Richmond and Amy Parr
A discovery-style experiment is described to enable introductory chemistry students to determine the pressure versus volume behavior of a gas over a wide pressure range to "discover" Boyle's Law.
Richmond, Thomas G.; Parr, Amy. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 414.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
A Simple Boyle's Law Experiment Don L. Lewis
Student-conducted experiments over a range of pressures from about 14 psi to about 120 psi can safely and accurately be made utilizing a 60 ml syringe and an ordinary bathroom scale. No pressure gauge is required and no value for initial pressure in the syringe (near atmospheric pressure) need be assumed.
Lewis, Don L. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 209.
Gases
|
A Simple and Convenient Microscale Procedure for Investigation of Charles' Law Snyder, Donald M.
Experimental procedure for establishing temperature/volume relationship for a gas and determining the value of absolute zero using very simple equipment; includes sample data and analysis.
Snyder, Donald M. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, A98.
Gases |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry |
Microscale Lab
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A Systematic Experimental Test of the Ideal Gas Equation for the General Chemistry Laboratory Luis H. Blanco and Carmen M. Romero
A series of experiments that study all the gas laws in an integrated fashion.
Blanco, Luis H.; Romero, Carmen M. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 933.
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
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Charles' Law of Gases: A Simple Experimental Demonstration Petty, John T.
Experimental procedure for demonstrating Charles' law.
Petty, John T. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 257.
Gases
|
A Charles' Law Experiment for Beginning Students Rockley, Mark G.; Rockley, Natalie L.
Experimental procedure and simple apparatus for illustrating Charles' Law and determining absolute zero; sample data and analysis are included.
Rockley, Mark G.; Rockley, Natalie L. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, 179.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Soda Water, Supercooling or Freezing Point Depression? Brooker, Murray H.
Composition, preparation, properties, and behavior of soda water.
Brooker, Murray H. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 903.
Gases |
Water / Water Chemistry |
Precipitation / Solubility |
Solutions / Solvents |
Consumer Chemistry
|
A New Quantitative Pressure-Volume Experiment Based on the "Cartesian Diver" Thompson, Judith U. S.; Goldsby, Kenneth A.
Modified Cartesian Diver to illustrate qualitatively and quantitatively the inverse, nonlinear relationship between gas pressure and volume.
Thompson, Judith U. S.; Goldsby, Kenneth A. J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 801.
Gases
|
A Simple Demonstration of Charles's Law Szczepanski, Nadine
Heating an Erlenmeyer flask with a balloon stretched over its mouth.
Szczepanski, Nadine J. Chem. Educ. 1994, 71, 433.
Gases
|
To bubble or not to bubble: Demonstrating Boyle's law Hughes, Elvin, Jr.; Holmes, L. H., Jr.
A simple demonstration to introduce pressure.
Hughes, Elvin, Jr.; Holmes, L. H., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 492.
Gases
|
LIMSport (II): Use of the Interfaced Balance for Pressure Measurements, Streamlined Syntheses, and Titrations Vitz, Ed
145. LIMSport facilitates direct acquisition of data from a variety of sensors into a spreadsheet.. This article explores the use of LIMSport in understanding gas laws.
Vitz, Ed J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, 63.
Gases |
Instrumental Methods
|
Gas reactions in plastic bags: Relating laboratory observations to the atomic-molecular model Robinson, Maurice; Barrow, Gordon M.
Carrying out chemical reactions in Ziplock bags to investigate a variety of chemical concepts.
Robinson, Maurice; Barrow, Gordon M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 1026.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Gases |
Reactions |
Acids / Bases |
Oxidation / Reduction |
Photochemistry |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Physical Properties
|
Hot and cold running methane Stamm, Daniel M.
A series of interesting demonstrations involving liquid nitrogen.
Stamm, Daniel M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 762.
Gases
|
Does a one-molecule gas obey Boyle's law? Rhodes, Gail
Because the kinetic molecular theory provides a plausible explanation for the lawful behavior of gases, it should be treated in enough depth to show students that the theory accounts for all of the important aspects of ideal gas behavior.
Rhodes, Gail J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, 16.
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
|
Sunto di un curso di filosofia chimica (Cannizzaro, Stanislao) Kauffman, George B.
A review of a book that includes original correspondence regarding Avogadro's hypothesis.
Kauffman, George B. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, A266.
Gases
|
Use of liquid oxygen to support combustion Sullivan, Dan M.
Production, procedure, and safety of demonstrations involving liquid nitrogen in order to demonstrate: Charles' Law, production and properties of liquid oxygen, effects of concentration on reactions and reaction rates, liquefaction and boiling of oxygen kindling temperature, reactions between substances in two different states of matter, and comparison of partial and complete combustion.
Sullivan, Dan M. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 1036.
Physical Properties |
Gases |
Reactions |
Equilibrium
|
Inexpensive gas law apparatus Garrett, D. D.; Banta, M. C.; Arney, B. E.
The apparatus described in this paper avoids the problems associated with mercury as well as eliminating the friction problems usually encountered with the disposable syringes having rubber plunger tips.
Garrett, D. D.; Banta, M. C.; Arney, B. E. J. Chem. Educ. 1991, 68, 667.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Graham's law: Defining gas velocities Kenney, Tom
Three alternatives for defining gas velocities.
Kenney, Tom J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 871.
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
|
A miniature hot air balloon and Charles's law Deese, William C.
Heating the air in a tissue paper balloon using a Merker burner and flying it up and down a guided wire in the classroom.
Deese, William C. J. Chem. Educ. 1990, 67, 672.
Gases
|
A precise determination of absolute zero Strange, Ronald S.; Lang, Frank T.
Excellent extrapolations to absolute zero can be obtained for dry air using a simple apparatus constructed from an Erlenmeyer flask, an oil manostat and a plastic syringe.
Strange, Ronald S.; Lang, Frank T. J. Chem. Educ. 1989, 66, 1054.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Chem Lab Simulations 1: Titrations and Chem Lab Simulations 2: Ideal Gas Law (Gelder, John) Zemke, Warren T.
Computer programs intended to serve as introductions for students before actual experimentation in the laboratory.
Zemke, Warren T. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, A57.
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Gases |
Enrichment / Review Materials
|
Science Volume 4 - Physics / Chemistry Chemical Elements (Minnesota Educational Computing Corporation) Hartman, Kenneth A.
Six programs, three relating to solubility products, two on gas laws, and a Milliken Oil Drop Experiment.
Hartman, Kenneth A. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, A26.
Precipitation / Solubility |
Gases
|
Two fundamental constants McNaught, Ian J.; Peckham, Gavin D.
Experiment to produce accurate values for both the absolute zero of temperature and the gas constant.
McNaught, Ian J.; Peckham, Gavin D. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 999.
Gases
|
A Charles's Law/vapor pressure apparatus Hall, Philip K.
A simple apparatus to illustrate either Charles's law gas expansion of the vapor pressure created by liquids.
Hall, Philip K. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 969.
Gases |
Liquids
|
Demonstration of vapor pressure Richardson, W. S.
Demonstrating the vapor pressure of several different materials using a water manometer.
Richardson, W. S. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 968.
Gases |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Liquids
|
Charles's law: Students develop their own procedure Rose, Diane
Students are asked to write their own procedure and execute it in the lab.
Rose, Diane J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 712.
Gases
|
Simple determination of Henry's law constant for carbon dioxide Levy, Jack B.; Hornack, Fred M.; Levy, Matthew A.
With the aid of inexpensive pressure gauges available from automotive supply stores, the solubility of carbon dioxide in carbonated beverages or other solutions can be studied.
Levy, Jack B.; Hornack, Fred M.; Levy, Matthew A. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 260.
Gases |
Solutions / Solvents
|
Carbon dioxide: Its principal properties displayed and discussed Bent, Henry A.
The principal properties of carbon dioxide demonstrated and discussed.
Bent, Henry A. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, 167.
Physical Properties |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
|
Gas cans and gas cubes: Visualizing Avogadro's Law Bouma, J.
The author shares a strategy for making gas laws "visible" for students.
Bouma, J. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, 586.
Gases |
Stoichiometry
|
TRS-80 Chemistry Lab, Volume 1, Review II (Hallgren, Richard C.) Beck, James D.
Programs covering the kinetic theory, Charles' law, Boyle' law, titration, and solubility.
Beck, James D. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, A106.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Gases |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Precipitation / Solubility
|
TRS-80 Chemistry Lab, Volume 1, Review I (Hallgren, Richard C.) Rowe, Frederick J.
Programs covering the kinetic theory, Charles' law, Boyle' law, titration, and solubility.
Rowe, Frederick J. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, A105.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Gases |
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Precipitation / Solubility
|
Molecular size and Raoult's Law Kovac, Jeffrey
An additional cause for deviations from Raoult's Law that is rarely, if ever, mentioned in freshman chemistry texts.
Kovac, Jeffrey J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 1090.
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties |
Solutions / Solvents |
Gases
|
Why teach the gas laws? Davenport, Derek A.
Justification for teaching the gas laws.
Davenport, Derek A. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 505.
Gases |
Stoichiometry
|
Why do we teach gas laws? Roe, Robert, Jr.
Justification for teaching the gas laws.
Roe, Robert, Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1985, 62, 505.
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
|
Cooking with chemistry Grosser, Arthur E.
Two demonstrations involving cooking eggs and suggestions for many more examples of cooking that illustrate important principles of chemistry. From the "State-of-the-Art Symposium for Chemical Educators: Chemistry of the Food Cycle".
Grosser, Arthur E. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 362.
Food Science |
Gases |
Acids / Bases |
Equilibrium |
Kinetics
|
The density and apparent molecular weight of air Harris, Arlo D.
Simple procedure for determining the density and apparent molecular weight of air.
Harris, Arlo D. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 74.
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases |
Molecular Properties / Structure |
Physical Properties
|
Gas laws and gas behavior Schmuckler, Joseph S.
A collection of activities from past issues of the Journal and The Science Teacher.
Schmuckler, Joseph S. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, 73.
Gases
|
Boyle's law experiment Hermens, Richard A.
This experiment regarding Boyle's law adheres to qualifications which allow the experiment to be meaningful to the students, is safe and simple to perform, low in cost, easy to set up and maintain, obtains reproducible results, and is capable of being performed in a reasonable length of time.
Hermens, Richard A. J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 764.
Gases
|
An effective demonstration of some properties of real vapors Metsger, D. Scott
The apparatus described in this article has been found by the authors to be the most effective in vividly illustrating the behavior of a nearly ideal gas to first year chemistry students.
Metsger, D. Scott J. Chem. Educ. 1983, 60, 67.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Solids
|
Boyle's law and the monster marshmallow Broniec, Rick
Evacuating the air surrounding a marshmallow with a vacuum pump.
Broniec, Rick J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 974.
Gases
|
Boyle's law - A different view Sharma, B. D.
For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature the energy of the gas is fixed and independent of its pressure and volume.
Sharma, B. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 827.
Gases
|
The titration of air with nitric oxide: An application of Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes in a general chemistry experiment Everett, Kenneth G.
Gay-Lussac's law of combining volumes is demonstrated through the reaction between NO and the oxygen in air.
Everett, Kenneth G. J. Chem. Educ. 1982, 59, 802.
Titration / Volumetric Analysis |
Atmospheric Chemistry |
Gases
|
Gases and their behavior Schmuckler, Joseph S.
Schmuckler, Joseph S. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 885.
Gases
|
Properly opening a beer can and Boyle's law DeLorenzo, Ron
Why tapping the side of a can or bottle can reduce spray when opening.
DeLorenzo, Ron J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 601.
Gases
|
Bicarbonate in Alka-Seltzer: A general chemistry experiment Peck, Larry; Irgolic, Kurt; O'Connor, Rod
Determining the percentage bicarbonate ion by mass in Alka-Seltzer.
Peck, Larry; Irgolic, Kurt; O'Connor, Rod J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 517.
Quantitative Analysis |
Gases |
Stoichiometry |
Acids / Bases
|
A Charles' law demonstration rehatched Markow, Peter G.
Modifications to simplify the "Egg in a Bottle" demonstration.
Markow, Peter G. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 307.
Gases
|
A chemistry lesson at Three Mile Island Mammano, Nicholas J.
Teaching principles of general chemistry through references made to the nuclear incident at Three Mile Island.
Mammano, Nicholas J. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 286.
Equilibrium |
Gases |
Stoichiometry |
Nonmajor Courses |
Nuclear / Radiochemistry |
Applications of Chemistry
|
Pressure measuring devices and pressure calculations Schultz, Charles W.
A question requiring an understanding of the principle of operation of pressure gauges.
Schultz, Charles W. J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 285.
Gases
|
The solution: "Derivation of the ideal gas law" Bosch, Warren L.; Crawford, Crayton M.; Gensler, Walter J.; Haim, Albert; Levine, Ira N.; Linde, Peter F.; Salzsieder, John C.; Silberszye, Waldemar; Viehland, Larry A.; Waser, Jurg
A response to the misinterpretations that appeared in the referenced article regarding the gas laws.
Bosch, Warren L.; Crawford, Crayton M.; Gensler, Walter J.; Haim, Albert; Levine, Ira N.; Linde, Peter F.; Salzsieder, John C.; Silberszye, Waldemar; Viehland, Larry A.; Waser, Jurg J. Chem. Educ. 1980, 57, 201.
Gases
|
Balloon balance thermometer: A lecture demonstration of Charles' Law Carney, G. D.; Kern, C. W.
The balloon-balance thermometer makes use of air as a thermometric fluid, a water bath as the thermometric vessel, and the readings of a triple beam balance as a thermometer scale.
Carney, G. D.; Kern, C. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 823.
Gases
|
The problem: "Derivation of the ideal gas law" Vaitkunas, John J.
Outline for a lesson on gases, and suggestions for approaches to the ideal gas law.
Vaitkunas, John J. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 530.
Gases
|
Ga(U)Ge pressure and absolute pressure Davenport, Derek A.
Air is progressively removed from a test tube; the pressure inside is measured using a standard tire-pressure gauge that is found to read atmospheric pressure when the test tube is fully evacuated.
Davenport, Derek A. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 322.
Gases
|
Boyle's law Davenport, Derek A.
Increasing weights are placed on a sealed syringe, compressing the air inside, and increasing weights pull the plunger from a held syringe, expanding the air inside. In both cases, plots of "P" vs. V are recorded.
Davenport, Derek A. J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 322.
Gases
|
Participatory lecture demonstrations Battino, Rubin
Examples of participatory lecture demonstrations in chromatography, chemical kinetics, balancing equations, the gas laws, the kinetic-molecular theory, Henry's law, electronic energy levels in atoms, translational, vibrational, and rotational energies of molecules, and organic chemistry.
Battino, Rubin J. Chem. Educ. 1979, 56, 39.
Chromatography |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Kinetics |
Stoichiometry |
Gases |
Atomic Properties / Structure |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
A discovery experiment. CO2 soap bubble dynamics Millikan, Roger C.
Students often make a choice of major based upon the view of a subject that they derive from the beginning course. Rare are the chemistry courses that provide the excitement and chance for discovery, while providing a basic understanding of chemistry. This article describes an experiment that does provide such an opportunity.
Millikan, Roger C. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 807.
Gases |
Physical Properties |
Surface Science
|
An Exercise with Boyle's law Moeller, Michael B.
A procedure for doing a demonstration of Boyles' law.
Moeller, Michael B. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 584.
Gases
|
Pressure calculations Schultz, Charles W.
This question requires students to be able to distinguish two kinds of pressure: Boyles law pressure of gas (that depends on volume) from the equilibrium vapor pressure above a liquid (that does not).
Schultz, Charles W. J. Chem. Educ. 1978, 55, 515.
Gases |
Chemometrics
|
Ideal and non-ideal gases. An experiment with surprise value Chirpich, Thomas P.
Compares the behavior of an ideal gas (air) with a non-ideal gas (water vapor) as they are cooled from 100C to room temperature.
Chirpich, Thomas P. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 378.
Gases
|
Simplified Boyle's Law demonstration Miller, Daniel W.
Placing a sealed syringe in bell jar attached to a vacuum pump and reading the volume of air inside the syringe at various reduced pressures.
Miller, Daniel W. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 245.
Gases
|
3 [Three] basketballs = 1 [one] mole of ideal gas at STP Jardine, Fred H.
The volume of three basketballs = one mole of ideal gas at STP.
Jardine, Fred H. J. Chem. Educ. 1977, 54, 112.
Stoichiometry |
Gases
|
A computer program for calculation of boiling points at sub- and super-atmospheric pressures Davis, Charles C.; Wright, C. David
An interactive program has been written in Fortran IV for the IBM 370/125 which will compute the boiling points of organic compounds at a range of pressures.
Davis, Charles C.; Wright, C. David J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 355.
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Gases
|
A computer program for calculation of boiling points at sub- and super-atmospheric pressures Davis, Charles C.; Wright, C. David
An interactive program has been written in Fortran IV for the IBM 370/125 which will compute the boiling points of organic compounds at a range of pressures.
Davis, Charles C.; Wright, C. David J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, 355.
Laboratory Computing / Interfacing |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams |
Gases
|
Ideal gas laws. Experiments for general chemistry Deal, Walter J.
Several gas-law experiments designed to verify the relationship PV = constant at constant temperature and to calculate the gas constant R.
Deal, Walter J. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 405.
Gases
|
Some people love 22.4 (letter 2) Haight, G. P.
Disagreement with statements in the cited article.
Haight, G. P. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 204.
Gases
|
Some people love 22.4 (letter 1) Schweikert, William W.
Disagreement with statements in the cited article.
Schweikert, William W. J. Chem. Educ. 1975, 52, 204.
Gases
|
Computer-enhanced laboratory experience. An example of a totally integrated approach Davis, Leslie N.; Coffey, Charles E.; Macero, Daniel J.
A gas law experiment (Boyle's Law) adapted to make use of computer assisted instruction.
Davis, Leslie N.; Coffey, Charles E.; Macero, Daniel J. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 711.
Gases |
Thermodynamics
|
A Charles' Law experiment using a balloon or a plastic bag Murdock, Howard D.; Hawthorne, Robert M., Jr.
A general chemistry experiment that demonstrates Charles' Law clearly, quickly, and relatively quantitatively.
Murdock, Howard D.; Hawthorne, Robert M., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 528.
Gases
|
Scuba diving and the gas laws Cooke, E. D.; Baranowski, Conrad
Three illustrations of physical-chemical principles drawn from scuba diving.
Cooke, E. D.; Baranowski, Conrad J. Chem. Educ. 1973, 50, 425.
Gases |
Applications of Chemistry |
Thermodynamics
|
Demonstrating Avogadro's hypothesis with the molecular dynamics simulator Young, Jay A.; Plumb, Robert C.
The Molecular Dynamics Simulator simulate closely the behaviors predicted by the mathematical descriptions of the kinetic molecular theory.
Young, Jay A.; Plumb, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 709.
Gases |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory
|
Determination of the molar volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure. A lecture demonstration Zaborowski, Leon M.
Using massed balloons of measured and corrected volume to determine the molar volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure.
Zaborowski, Leon M. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 361.
Gases
|
Visualization of the atomic absorption of mercury vapor by use of a fluorescent screen Argauer, Robert J.; White, Charles E.
Presents a demonstration to visualize the presence of metallic mercury vapor.
Argauer, Robert J.; White, Charles E. J. Chem. Educ. 1972, 49, 27.
Toxicology |
Gases |
Atomic Properties / Structure
|
Gas Laws, Equilibrium, and the Commercial Synthesis of Nitric acid. A Simple Demonstration Alexander, M. Dale
This demonstration of the commercial production of nitric acid uses a simple apparatus to illustrate a number of basic chemical concepts, including Le Chatelier's principle.
Alexander, M. Dale J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 838.
Synthesis |
Industrial Chemistry |
Acids / Bases |
Gases |
Equilibrium |
Reactions |
Stoichiometry
|
Concept of empirical temperature for introductory chemistry Ander, Paul
This presentation is used in a freshman course prior to the discussion of the empirical gas laws for dilute gases, i.e., Boyle's Charles', Dalton's etc.,
Ander, Paul J. Chem. Educ. 1971, 48, 325.
Gases
|
Improvement in a Charles' law capillary tube experiment for introductory chemistry laboratory Sawyer, Albert K.
Improving a Charles' law capillary tube experiment for the determination of absolute zero by using a volume-temperature measurement at about -80C using a dry ice/acetone cooling mixture.
Sawyer, Albert K. J. Chem. Educ. 1970, 47, 573.
Gases
|
Baby bottles and elementary chemistry Davenport, D. A.
Presents several experiments that rely on baby bottles, including Charles' Law expansion, vapor pressure of volatile liquids, molecular weights of volatile liquids, and closed-atmosphere experiments.
Davenport, D. A. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 878.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Gases |
Liquids |
Oxidation / Reduction
|
An inexpensive vacuum and gas handling system for the freshman laboratory Zuehlke, R. W.; Cartier, P. G.
Presents an inexpensive vacuum and gas handling system for the freshman laboratory.
Zuehlke, R. W.; Cartier, P. G. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 874.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Laboratory Management |
Gases
|
A pseudo-Charles law experiment to teach vapor pressure concepts Sinclair, Dean L.
This deliberately deceptive experiment impresses upon students the basic ideas of vapor pressure and illustrates the scientific method.
Sinclair, Dean L. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 814.
Gases
|
Friday experiments Bissey, Jack E.
Provides data on an unknown gas and asks readers to determine if it is ideal, as well as its molecular weight and chemical formula.
Bissey, Jack E. J. Chem. Educ. 1969, 46, 497.
Gases |
Molecular Properties / Structure
|
A simple vacuum apparatus for lecture experiments Peterson, L. K.; Ruddy, F. H.
Describes a simple vacuum apparatus and examples of its use in lecture situations.
Peterson, L. K.; Ruddy, F. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 742.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Liquids |
Physical Properties |
Transport Properties |
Stoichiometry |
Calorimetry / Thermochemistry
|
Chemical queries. Especially for introductory chemistry teachers Young, J. A.; Malik, J. G.; Bolte, John
(1) Is the mole a number or a weight? (2) Is there an easy way to locate a compound by volume and page in Beilstein? (3) What are the stages evident in a gas discharge tube as the pressure of the gas and the voltage are changed? - answer by Bolte
Young, J. A.; Malik, J. G.; Bolte, John J. Chem. Educ. 1968, 45, 718.
Stoichiometry |
Nomenclature / Units / Symbols |
Gases
|
The range of validity of Graham's Laws Kirk, A. D.
It is the purpose of this article to discuss effusion, diffusion, and some related processes and to outline the range of validity of Graham's law.
Kirk, A. D. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 745.
Gases |
Transport Properties
|
Charles' Law: A general chemistry experiment Haworth, Daniel T.
This paper describes an apparatus that can be used to determine the value of absolute zero.
Haworth, Daniel T. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 353.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
An experimental approach to the ideal gas law Breck, W. G.; Holmes, F. W.
It is possible to introduce to students the equation of state, PV = nRT, by an experimental method that demonstrates that PV/T remains constant for a given amount of gas.
Breck, W. G.; Holmes, F. W. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 293.
Gases
|
Teaching kinetic molecular theory by the factor change method Koons, Lawrence F.
Develops the "factor change method" for teaching kinetic molecular theory and presents examples of its application.
Koons, Lawrence F. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 288.
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Gases
|
VII - Combustion and flame Anderson, Robbin C.
Presents and describes an extensive bibliography on the study of combustion and flames.
Anderson, Robbin C. J. Chem. Educ. 1967, 44, 248.
Oxidation / Reduction |
Reactions |
Gases
|
Hard sphere simulation of statistical mechanical behavior of molecules Plumb, Robert C.
Describes the design and use of a demonstration device to illustrate the kinetic behavior of gases, liquids, and solids.
Plumb, Robert C. J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 648.
Statistical Mechanics |
Gases |
Liquids |
Solids |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Equilibrium |
Phases / Phase Transitions / Diagrams
|
The relationship between Avogadro's Principle and the Law of Gay-Lussac Feifer, Nathan
Teaching Avogadro's Principle as an explanation of the phenomena described by Gay-Lussac's Law gives the instructor an opportunity to stress some of the basic assumptions in chemistry and to highlight the logic implicit in Avogadro's reasoning.
Feifer, Nathan J. Chem. Educ. 1966, 43, 411.
Stoichiometry |
Gases
|
Determination of Avogadro's number by Perrin's law Slabaugh, W. H.
The experimental procedure for determining Avogadro's number by the Perrin method includes preparing a monodisperse colloid, ascertaining the mass of the particles, and making an accurate count of the number of particles at two points in the equilibrated colloid.
Slabaugh, W. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 471.
Stoichiometry |
Kinetic-Molecular Theory |
Gases |
Colloids
|
A gas scrubber for eliminating noxious vapors Goddard, Charles; Henry, Malcolm C.
Presents an apparatus for preventing the escape of undesirable materials into the air.
Goddard, Charles; Henry, Malcolm C. J. Chem. Educ. 1965, 42, 136.
Gases |
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus
|
Letters to the editor Caughlan, Charles N.
Calls attention to another article suggesting the use of hypodermic syringes to verify Boyle's law.
Caughlan, Charles N. J. Chem. Educ. 1963, 40, 229.
Gases
|
Hypodermic syringes in quantitative elementary chemistry experiments. Part 2. General chemistry experiments Davenport, Derek A.; Saba, Afif N.
Presents a variety of experiments that make use of hypodermic syringes in quantitative elementary chemistry.
Davenport, Derek A.; Saba, Afif N. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, 617.
Laboratory Equipment / Apparatus |
Gases |
Liquids |
Reactions |
Equilibrium |
Stoichiometry
|
Letters to the editor Saxena, Satish Chandra
The author offers a restatement of Avogadro's law.
Saxena, Satish Chandra J. Chem. Educ. 1956, 33, 188.
Gases |
Stoichiometry
|
A simple Charles law experiment Damerell, V. R.
This simple procedure allows students to produce a satisfactory verification of Charles' law.
Damerell, V. R. J. Chem. Educ. 1955, 32, 534.
Gases
|
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